Environmental Engineering

Activity type

Ingegneria per l'ambiente e territorio

SSD

ICAR/03

Year

1st year

Semester

1st semester

CFU

3

Hours distribution

30 classroom hours

Lecturers

AGOSTINA CHIAVOLA

Activity type

Ingegneria per l'ambiente e territorio

SSD

GEO/05

Year

1st year

Semester

1st semester

CFU

6

Hours distribution

60 classroom hours

Lecturers

GIUSEPPE SAPPA

The exam target is to give to students, basic principles of quanMtaMve and qualitaMve
characterizaMon of groundwater, in the aim of their exploitaMon for anthropic purposes and of main
treatment technologies for making them drinkable. It is expected that at the end of the course
students will be aware of the common methodologies for the evaluaMon of groundwater availability
for human purposes, for their qualitaMve characterizaMon, and of the more common water
treatment technologies, which make groundwater drinkable.

Specific Targets
• EvaluaMon of annual groundwater recharge
• Aquifers classificaMon
• Groundwater resources quanMtaMve characterizaMon
• Groundwater resources qualitaMve characterizaMon for human purposes
• Coastal aquifers characterizaMon and management
• Groundwater treatment principles and technologies to make them drinkable

Module: Groundwater management
Purpose of the course is to provide the students with the knowledge needed to define the pollution characteristics of groundwater and the required treatment processes to make them suitable for a specific use, in particular as a source of drinking water.



Module: Groundwater treatment
• Hydrological Cycle: Water Balance (P,EV,ETP,ETR,discharge..etc) and case studies
• Voids in the subsoil and geohydraulics
• Groundwater dynamics
• Aquifers and springs (case studies)
• Geochemistry in groundwater
• Groundwater flow to wells

Module: Groundwater management
The students must posses the basic knowledge of hydraulics, hydrogeology and principles of environmental engineering.


Module: Groundwater treatment
Engineering Geology, Chemistry

Module: Groundwater management
Course Overview (1h)
Adsorption (4h)
Ion exchange (4h)
Coagulation-Flocculation (4h)
Membrane separation (4h)
Disinfection (4h)
Contaminants of Emerging Concern (3h)
Case-studies:
(1) Arsenic removal (3h)
(2) PFAS removal (3h)



Module: Groundwater treatment
• Meteoclimatic variables
• Elements of the hydrogeological balance. The reverse hydrogeological balance: theory and application
• Aquifers and Groundwater
• Piezometric surface: The definition and methods reconstruction in space and time: deterministic methods and outline of statistical methods.
• Sources: from geological and hydrogeological classification (Applied Geology) to quantitative and qualitative characterization
• Groundwater geochemistry: chemical and isotopic characterization of groundwater, classification techniques and graphical representation
• The groundwater flow towards the catchment works

Module: Groundwater management
Slides of the course


Module: Groundwater treatment
L. Tulipano e G. Sappa: Lezioni di Idrogeologia Applicata (2012) PDF
G. Sappa – Lezioni di idrogeologia Applicata (2022) PDF
G. Sappa – Esercitazioni di Idrogeologia Applicata (2022) PDF e xls
C.W. Fetter – Applied Hydrogeology – Prentice Hall (2000)

Module: Groundwater management
N/D
Module: Groundwater treatment
N/D

Module: Groundwater management
The course is held by means of frontal lessons during which, through slides, the professor presents the dofferent topics.


Module: Groundwater treatment
In classroom lessons and project layout

Module: Groundwater management
Attendance to the lessons is not mandatory although strongly recommended


Module: Groundwater treatment
according to the timetable established by the board

Module: Groundwater management
The evaluation is based on the answer provided by the student to one or more questions on any topic of the whole program of the course


Module: Groundwater treatment
Presentation of the project carried on along the course

Module: Groundwater management
Differences among the types of disinfection studied
Main features of the adsorption process and its applications
Defiition and determination of the ion exchange isotherms
Operating parameters of membrane separation processes


Module: Groundwater treatment
- rainfall-altitude and temperature-altitude relationships: choice of data interpolation
- differences and time scale of the formulas for estimating real and potential evapotranspiration
- determining factors for the isotopic composition (deuterium and oxygen 18) of groundwater
- step drawdown test and characteristic curve: how to determine the critical flow rate in a well

Module: Groundwater management
N/D
Module: Groundwater treatment
N/D