Environmental Engineering

GIUSEPPE SAPPA

The aim of the course is to give the main principles for quantitative and qualitative characterization of groundwater in the aim of teach to sustainable exploitation of groundwater and their protection from contaminant action

At the end of the course the student will have learned: the tools for estimating the recharge of aquifers; the elements to distinguish the different types of aquifer according to the different application needs; the methodologies for measuring the flow rates in the spring, and those for the quantitative characterization of a spring, as well as for its classification in geological and hydrogeological terms; the fundamentals of geochemistry for the qualitative characterization of groundwater resources; the definition and basic principles for the characterization of coastal aquifers and for the recognition of saline intrusion phenomena; the main in situ hydrogeological investigation techniques; the concept of vulnerability of aquifers and some methodologies for its evaluation

• Hydrological Cycle: Water Balance (P,EV,ETP,ETR,discharge..etc) and case studies
• Voids in the subsoil and geohydraulics
• Groundwater dynamics
• Aquifers and springs (case studies)
• Geochemistry in groundwater
• Groundwater flow to wells

Engineering Geology, Chemistry

• Meteoclimatic variables
• Elements of the hydrogeological balance. The reverse hydrogeological balance: theory and application
• Aquifers and Groundwater
• Piezometric surface: The definition and methods reconstruction in space and time: deterministic methods and outline of statistical methods.
• Sources: from geological and hydrogeological classification (Applied Geology) to quantitative and qualitative characterization
• Groundwater geochemistry: chemical and isotopic characterization of groundwater, classification techniques and graphical representation
• The groundwater flow towards the catchment works

L. Tulipano e G. Sappa: Lezioni di Idrogeologia Applicata (2012) PDF
G. Sappa – Lezioni di idrogeologia Applicata (2022) PDF
G. Sappa – Esercitazioni di Idrogeologia Applicata (2022) PDF e xls
C.W. Fetter – Applied Hydrogeology – Prentice Hall (2000)

according to the timetable established by the board

according to the timetable established by the board

Presentation of the project carried out in classroom

- rainfall-altitude and temperature-altitude relationships: choice of data interpolation
- differences and time scale of the formulas for estimating real and potential evapotranspiration
- determining factors for the isotopic composition (deuterium and oxygen 18) of groundwater
- step drawdown test and characteristic curve: how to determine the critical flow rate in a well