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1022293 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I |
1.a. General expected learning outcomes
Organic chemistry is a chemistry discipline involving the scientific study of the structure, reactivity, properties and applications of compounds which are formed mainly by carbon atoms, forming covalent bonds, both from natural and artificial sources The general objective, is to provide students with the knowledge and competences necessary to understand the structure, reactivity and synthetic methods of different functional groups, and the mechanisms of organic reactions. For a CTF student, this learning is essential, because most drugs are organic compounds, and their biological activity depends on their interaction with biological targets, which are also organic compounds. This knowledge will allow the student to be able to understand the fundamental synthetic methodology for the construction of biologically active compounds. Furthermore, stereochemical expertise will be essential for improving the understanding of the drug-receptor interactions, a crucial topic in different next courses.
1.b. Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The specific objectives consist in acquiring the following knowledge and expertise:
1) to understand the importance of stereochemistry on the reactivity of organic compounds;
2) to understand the relationship between structure and reactivity for the different functional groups;
3) to acquire the basic knowledge of organic chemistry in order to understand the basic mechanism of organic reactions.
4) to acquire the basic knowledge of the organic synthesis
5) to apply the main concepts of stereochemistry to the reactivity of organic compounds.
6) to predict the reactivity and the physical properties of organic compounds.
7) to speculate about mechanistic aspect of the organic reactions.
8) to design the synthesis of organic molecules through their retrosynthetic analysis.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the student will be able to apply the acquired knowledge appropriately by adopting the terminology and the chemical symbology of the subject; furthermore the student will be able how to apply the knowledge learned to the design of the synthesis of simple organic molecules.
3. Making judgements
The Organic Chemistry 1 course is devoted to provide students with the adequate knowledge to be independent in solving the examination problems or exercises.
This ability will be acquired by the means of frontal lesson and guided exercitations that will be organized in ascending order of the difficulties they pose.
4. Communication skills
In order to improve the exposure ability, students will be constantly encouraged to communicate their ideas to both specialists and non specialists audiences. The Erasmus programme will enable students to improve their communications skills, by exchanging informations, problems and solutions.
5. Learning skills
Teaching materials, available on line will support students during the lessons even thought studying the recommended text book is essential to acquire the skills and the competence that are necessary to perform the final exam.
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First semester |
9 |
CHIM/06 |
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1026699 - ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY WITH LABORATORY OF GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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General expected learning outcomes
This course completes the basic knowledge of the general chemistry acquired during the first year highlighting the interconnections and introduces students to some fundamental analytical disciplines/procedures that will be developed in detail in the following years according to the specific addresses of the degree course.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student becomes aware of the interconnections between the different chemical and physical properties of the molecules and of the conditions in which these properties occur, or are inhibited, from the point of view of the regulation / control mechanisms of these properties. Particular attention is paid to the fundamental topics of chemistry (salts, acids and bases, solubility, redox processes, complexes), which having been the subject of the teaching of General Chemistry in the first year of the CdL in CTF, they are now shown in the optics of their application in laboratory activities.
The course includes the theoretical and applicative treatment of coordination compounds and the basics of nuclear chemistry, with particular reference to the production of artificial radioisotopes used in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine (radiopharmaceuticals).
Other knowledge acquired concern the statistical foundations of Analytical Chemistry for the treatment of measures and errors, and the criteria for the graphic representation of chemical-physical processes and phenomena, useful in the laboratory activities.
Finally, students receive basic training for the principles of chromatography and mass spectrometric methodologies.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the student will develop towards the fundamental aspects of chemical reactions and analytical chemistry, enough sensitivity to allow him to consciously deal with the subsequent courses of preparatory laboratory, quantitative analysis and separation of substances.
3. Making judgements
During the lessons, the critical and judgmental skills of the students are stimulated by their active participation, both through questions by the teacher, and through the collective solution of exercises representing real cases of problems that may occur in laboratory practice.
4. Communication skills
This ability emerges during the lessons, when the collective participation of the students is needed and finds the upper level during the examination, in which the student explains the logical motivations of the answers, also through the use of visual tools such as functional charts and histograms.
5. Learning skills
The student is induced to study autonomously not only by reading the recommended texts, but also by researching information through computer tools, especially for those topics treated only at an introductory level during the course, but that being historically consolidated they are described more in depth on specialized websites accessible through search engines.
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First semester |
8 |
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CHIMICA ANALITICA E LABORATORIO DI CHIMICA GENERALE ED INORGANICA |
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First semester |
4 |
CHIM/01 |
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CHIMICA ANALITICA E LABORATORIO DI CHIMICA GENERALE ED INORGANICA |
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First semester |
4 |
CHIM/03 |
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1022761 - PHARMACEUTICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY I |
General expected learning outcomes
The course aims to provide the students a theoretical and practical knowledge related to research and qualitative recognition of inorganic substances of pharmacological and toxicological interest. The aim of the course is also to provide the molecular mechanisms on the pharmaceutical and toxicological properties of the aforementioned substances.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will study all the aspects concerning the chemical reactions used for the separation and recognition of the cations included in the 6 groups of the classical systematic approach (group I: silver, lead and mercury; II group: lead, mercury, arsenic, antimony, tin, bismuth , copper, cadmium; III group: aluminium, iron, chrome, manganese; group IV: manganese, zinc, nickel, cobalt; V group: calcium, barium, strontium; group VI: magnesium, sodium, lithium, potassium) as well as anions identifiable by the research in the alkaline solution (sulphate, nitrate, chloride, bromide, iodide and oxalate). Moreover, the student will be able to apply theoretically/practically the concepts concerning the acid-base equilibria, hydrolysis, complexation, precipitation, redox reduction and be able to evaluate all the related interdependencies for the purpose of the recognition of inorganic compounds. Additionally, the student will be able to understand the molecular biological mechanisms in which cations and inorganic anions take part.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will be able to separate and analyse an inorganic cation or anion mixture through the application and interpretation of chemical essays. For this purpose it will be essential to know and apply the different chemical reactivity for the separation and identification of the ions (changes in pH, complexation, precipitation and redox). The practical laboratory exercises will allow the student to learn how to apply and observe what was already covered during the lectures. Knowledge of the properties and reactivity of inorganic substances will allow the student not only to understand the biological, pharmacological and toxicological functions of these substances, but also to design and / or identify possible approaches for solving relative problems. The knowledge of the most widespread therapeutic problems and pharmaceutical solutions of inorganic type (essential micronutrient elements integrators) available for the treatment of the main pathologies associated with deficiency or intoxication will make the student able to make the right decision and to give rational advice for the use of these pharmaceuticals in the field of human health.
3. Making judgements
The lecturer will stimulate the students to develop a logical-critical sense by asking frequent questions (brainstorming) in class with the aim of inducing them to acquire connection skills (correlative thinking) between the various concepts defined in the syllabus leading to the mastery of the subject, connecting the chemical pharmaceutical and toxicological analysis as an integral part with a link to other disciplines already studied (general and inorganic chemistry, physics, anatomy, biology) or to be followed in the future educational path (biochemistry, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, toxicology). The lecturer will periodically ask students to develop discussions/theses related to key topics discussed in class, in order to get them used to design scientific research.
At the end of the course the students will be able to formulate an analytical/critical judgment, interpret and correlate complex concepts, design a research related to the topics covered in order to expand scientific, ethical and social knowledge.
4. Communication skills
Through the acquisition of knowledge and understanding, the ability to apply them and to propose a critical judgment on the topics dealt with, but also through the use of the relative scientific language used by the lecturer during the course and the frequent stimulation of the communication lesson, the student will be able to communicate with cognitive and linguistic-perceptive depth with his peers and/or with both the scientific and non-scientific community also of different cultural origin.
5. Learning skills
The student who has acquired the abilities described above will be able to undertake future studies in a more autonomous, self-managed and rapid manner, but also to propose social and/or working contexts useful for the scientific progress of society in the field of human health.
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First semester |
10 |
CHIM/08 |
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1008197 - GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY |
General expected learning outcomes
At the end of the course students will know the basic physical principles and mechanisms that regulates cell physiology, with particular attention to the electrical properties of excitable cells and neuronal transmission; the function of the organs in the human body; the dynamical integration of the various organs into systems; the general mechanisms of functional control under normal conditions. The student will be aware of the main molecular and cellular mechanisms target of possible pharmacological treatments.
Specific expected learning outcomes:
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will know all the aspects of cellular and plasma membrane functioning, of the central and autonomic nervous system, of muscular contraction (skeletal smooth and cardiac muscle), of the cardiovascular system, of the respiratory system, of the urinary system, of the digestive system and of hormonal communication.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the student will understand the role of the different organ systems in the functioning of the human body and will recognize the consequences produced by the malfunctioning of the individual systems. He/she will know which are the most important correlations between structure and function of the single organs and apparatuses. He/she will know the main cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the correct functioning and control of the body's functions. He/she will be able to integrate the knowledge of individual systems in a general vision.
3. Making judgements
The lessons will be interactive; the professor will ask continuous questions to the students to stimulate them to develop critical sense and to integrate previous knowledge. These questions will also be used to evaluate and solicit students to make connections with the skills acquired previously, avoiding considering the study of the general physiology as self-standing, but integrating the physiology in the light of the knowledge already acquired (physical, chemical, biological and anatomical).
4. Communication skills
The student will acquire the ability to communicate all the topics covered by the program and to expose them in an integrated perspective in light of the correct functioning of the human organism. Eventually, students will be organized in small groups that will expose to the class oral presentations on specific topics related to the effect of drugs in regulating the physiological functions.
5. Learning skills
Recommended texts will provide a tool to integrate the knowledge acquired during the class. The texts will remain the reference point of the student who will know where to go to find the concepts in detail. He/she will be able to integrate these concepts with the materials available on specific online sites whose links will be suggested in class.
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Second semester |
8 |
BIO/09 |
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1008176 - BIOCHEMISTRY |
General expected learning outcomes
To understand the role of macromolecules in cells or tissues; To provide students with knowledge about biochemical basis of cellular and metabolic processes that occur in human body under both physiological and pathological conditions; To develop skills in the assessment and evaluation of pathologic condition from data of biochemical analysis.
Specific expected learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding
After completing the course in Biochemistry, the student increases its scientific knowledges in the chemistry of living organisms as:
-relationship between the structure and the function of main biological molecules such as proteins, glucids, lipis, nucleic acids and vitaminins.
- the biochemical mechanism essential for correct metabolic function in the living organisms.
Applying knowledge and understanding
The knowledges acquired provide the capability to apply these skills in many areas like pharmaceutical chemistry, medicine, environmental science. The course provides brigth students with good problem solving skills in this field and excellent communication capabilities.
Making judgements
Students will be invited to ask questions and analyse the topic under discussion so to acquire/perfect their proactive and critical attitude also using skills and knowledge acquired during previous courses. Describe and relate critically the processes studied.
Communication skills
Periodically during the course, the students will be trained in oral tests with the aim to develop their communication skills and to verify their learning.
Learning skills
Read scientific articles in the field of Biochemistry and gain a critical understanding of their contents.
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Second semester |
10 |
BIO/10 |
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1008199 - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY |
General expected learning outcomes
The course aims to provide students the information necessary for a critical knowledge of the principles and applications of physical chemistry ranging from classical thermodynamics to kinetics, electrochemistry and, in particular, to the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. I this way students will acquire the basis to understand some of the topics covered in the courses in the next years of biochemical, chemical pharmaceutical and pharmacological character, with particular regard to transport processes.
Specific expected learning outcomes
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
• to know the principles underlying physical chemistry about the thermodynamic, kinetic and thermodynamic treatment of irreversible processes;
• to be able to understand its potential and its use for the study of real systems, about the biological ones.
APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
• to understand the different theoretical-experimental approaches for the resolution of problems in the biochemical and pharmacological fields.
MAKING JUDGMENTS:
• to be able to develop their critical sense following stimuli coming from the teacher:
• to be able to link the topics studied thanks also to the multidisciplinary of the course by integrating the physical chemistry with the knowledge already acquired or to be acquired of the chemical type (inorganic, organic, biochemical chemistry) and biological (pharmacology and toxicology).
LEARNING SKILLS:
• To be able to describe scientific topics related to real systems using in a critical way the methodologies and techniques covered in the course.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
• To be able to discuss scientific topics related to physical chemistry and apply them to biological, pharmaceutical and pharmacological processes.
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Second semester |
8 |
CHIM/02 |
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1035947 - MICROBIOLOGY |
General expected learning outcomes
The course aims to provide students with a detailed knowledge of the principal microrganisms of medical interest, their role in physiological and pathological processes, pathogenetic mechanisms involved in microorganism-related diseases and the possible therapeutic and preventive approaches.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will know in depth the Medical Microbiology in its general and applicative aspects. In particular, the course will allow the student to acquire a good knowledge about morphological and physiological characteristics of bacteria, mycetes and protozoa of medical interest, their transmission, related diseases and underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Moreover, the student will know the structure and replication mechanisms of the main viruses of medical interest, the virus-host relationships and pathogenic mechanisms. The student will also know the main elements of immune responses to microbial infections, as well as the main preventive and therapeutic approaches.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
The course will prepare the student to know and understand the main mechanisms of action of antimicrobial drugs and vaccines. Particular attention will be devoted to the antimicrobial resistance, underlying mechanisms and related problems.
3. Making judgements
During the lessons the teacher will pursue an effective question strategy to capture students' attention, foster student involvement, and facilitate a positive, active learning environment.
4. Communication skills
At the end of the course the student should be able to use an appropriate technical-scientific language.
5. Learning skills
The course is aimed at facilitating a critical and autonomous in depth study on the treated topics in specialized texts.
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Second semester |
6 |
MED/07 |
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English