Physiotherapy - Course F - ASL Latina (distretto nord)

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MEDS-02/B

Year

1st year

Semester

2nd semester

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

SAULA CHECQUOLO

Activity type

Scienze medico chirurgiche

SSD

MEDS-04/A

Year

1st year

Semester

2nd semester

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

CLAUDIO DI CRISTOFANO

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MEDS-03/A

Year

1st year

Semester

2nd semester

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

TIZIANA MANTOVANO

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MEDS-02/A

Year

1st year

Semester

2nd semester

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

SAULA CHECQUOLO

At the end of the course, students have to acquire the basis for the understanding of the causes of diseases in humans, the basic pathophysiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of the cell, organs and systems. They have to know the base of pathology with particular reference to cardiovascular disease, CNS and respiratory. Students must know the fundamental aspects of general etiology, genetic and congenital diseases, cellular adaptations and mechanisms of injury, inflammation, repair processes, immunobiology and immunopathology, oncology. With regard to microbiology, students must acquire the fundamental principles of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms and knowledge of human pathogenic microorganisms. They must also understand the mechanisms of host-parasite interaction, the body's defense mechanisms, and microbial resistance, with particular attention to clinical aspects. They must also acquire the skills to define the main hospital-acquired infections and their prevention methods.

The prerequisites to follow the course are related to the knowledge related to chemistry, physics and biology acquired in the high school.

PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY
Basics of pathology with particular reference to cardiovascular disease, CNS and respiratory.
The program is carried out during the first year and second semester of the degree course:

Introductory lesson to Pathological Anatomy
Pathology of the cardio-circulatory system
Pathology of Respiratory system
Pathology of the central nervous system

MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell basic structures ancillary structures and their functions. Bacteria: classification and reproduction. Bacterial genetics: mutation, recombination, transformation, conjugation and transduction. Virus: basic virology. Virus structure and classification: DNA virus and RNA virus (classification), viral infection and replication mechanisms, clinical virology and viral infection therapy. Fungi: basic mycology. Concept of illness and infection. Principles and methods of bacterial analysis in laboratory: sample collection sowing identification and antibiogram. Culture media, biochemical tests, staining. Clinical bacteriology: pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria responsible for hospital infections. Principles of antibacterial and antiviral drugs.

GENERAL AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Course Introduction. The state of health and its alterations: Concept of homeostasis. Adaptation. Definition of disease. Definition of Etiology and Pathogenesis.
Genetic pathology: Concept of gene mutation. Genotype. Phenotype. Hereditary or genetic diseases. Non-hereditary congenital diseases or prenatal developmental diseases.
Cellular pathology: Causes of damage. Reversible and irreversible damage. Cellular responses to damage. Morphology of cell damage. Necrosis. Apoptosis.
Cell adaptation: Concept of cellular stress. Atrophy. Hypertrophy. Hyperplasia. Dysplasia. Metaplasia.
The inflammatory process: 1. Angioflogosis: phases and evolution of the inflammatory process. Participating cells. Definition of Exudate: formation and types. Cellular mediators of inflammation. Leukocyte diapedesis. Adhesion molecules. Chemotaxis. Phagocytosis. 2. Istoflogosis: phases and evolution of the inflammatory process. Mediators. Definition of granuloma.
Fever: Thermoregulation mechanisms. Pathogenesis of fever. Pyrogen action. Classification. Non-febrile hyperthermia.
The reparative process: Regeneration and connective reintegration. Repair of dermal-epidermal wounds. Axonal regeneration. The repair of bone fractures.
Neoplasia: Introduction to the study of tumors. The neoplastic cell: morphology and characteristics. Definition and classification of neoplasms. Benign and malignant tumors. Invasion and Metastasis. Mutation, promotion and progression concepts. Cell proliferation and tumor progression.

Collecting the biological sample. Main blood chemistry tests: glycemia, azotemia, creatinine, electrolytes, plasma lipids, electrophoresis of proteins, ESR and other inflammation indices. Hemochromocytometric examination.
Prenatal diagnosis.
Tumor markers.
Elements of clinical enzymology: physiopathological bases of the main and most frequent diseases of the blood (eg anemia) and acute cardiovascular events (eg myocardial infarction).

Recommended texts:

1. PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY
Anatomia patologica - l'essenziale di Rubin - Reisner. Piccin ed.
The teaching material is available on the Sapienza e-learning site at the following site:
https://elearning.uniroma1.it/course/view.php?id=4306

2. MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
Microbiologia clinica di Eudes, Laciotti
Casa editrice ambrosiana
Educational material provided during the course

3. GENERAL AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Pontieri. General Pathology - PICCIN publisher
Lakhani and colleagues. Le basi della patologia generale - Casa Editrice Ambrosiana (Zanichelli) Publisher
Educational material provided during the course and uploaded as PDF files on the E-learning platform.

Module: PATOLOGIA GENERALE
N/D
Module: PATOLOGIA CLINICA
N/D
Module: MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
N/D
Module: ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA
N/D

The course takes place with lectures, with slide projection, in which students are required a continuous interaction by favouring questions on the topics discussed during the lesson.

mandatory

Multiple choice written test. The student must demonstrate to have acquired a sufficient knowledge of the topics covered during the course.
To pass the exam, a grade of not less than 18/30 must be obtained in each module and the final grade of the entire course derives from the average of the marks obtained by the student in the individual modules.
Ongoing tests will be carried out.

No example to indicate.

• PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY_Lesson 1 - Introduction to Pathological Anatomy (3 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY_Lesson 2 - Elements of Cardiovascular Pathology (3 hours)
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY_Lesson 3 - Elements of Respiratory Pathology (3 hours)
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY_Lesson 4 - Elements of CNS Pathology (3 hours)
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY_Lesson 1 - Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells: fundamental structures, accessory structures, and their functions. Classification of bacteria and bacterial reproduction. Bacterial genetics: mutation, recombination, transformation, conjugation, and transduction (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY_Lesson 2 - Microbiology laboratory: sample collection, culture, identification, and susceptibility testing. Culture media, biochemical tests, and staining. Helicobacter pylori (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY_Lesson 3 - Concept of disease and infection. Clinical bacteriology: Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, infectivity and pathogenicity in various body systems and regions. Main pathogens responsible for hospital-acquired infections (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY_Lesson 4 - Antibacterial drugs: antibiotics and mechanisms of action (4 hours)
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY_Lesson 5 - Basic virology. Viruses: structure and classification, DNA viruses and RNA viruses (classification), mechanisms of infection and viral replication. Clinical virology and treatment of viral infections. Basic mycology (4 hours)
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• GENERAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 1 - Introduction to the Course: Health and Its Alterations. Genetic Pathology (part 1) (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• GENERAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 2 - Genetic Pathology (part 2) and Neoplasms (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• GENERAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 3 - Cellular Pathology and Cellular Adaptation (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• GENERAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 4 - The Inflammatory Process - OPIS questionnaires in class (4 hours)
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• GENERAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 5 - Hyperthermia and Healing Process (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• CLINICAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 1 - Introduction to the Course: Health and Its Alterations. Collecting the biological sample (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• CLINICAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 2 - Prenatal diagnosis and Tumor markers (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• CLINICAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 3 - Cellular Pathology and Cellular Adaptation: clinical laboratory pathology recalls (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• CLINICAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 4 - Main blood chemistry tests: glycemia, azotemia, creatinine, electrolytes, plasma lipids, electrophoresis of proteins, ESR and other inflammation indices. Hemochromocytometric examination - OPIS questionnaires in class (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials


• CLINICAL PATHOLOGY_Lesson 5 - Elements of clinical enzymology: physiopathological bases of the main and most frequent diseases of the blood (eg anemia) and acute cardiovascular events (eg myocardial infarction) (4 hours) 
  • Books: Textbook and teaching materials