Imaging and Radiotherapy techniques

Metrology: quantities, uncertainty, mean/SD; significant figures. Materials & circuits: conductors/semiconductors/insulators; resistivity and equivalent resistance; Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s laws; DC/AC; power and Joule heating. Instrumentation: ammeter, voltmeter, multimeter, oscilloscope; calibration/traceability (basics). Signals & conversion: analogue vs digital, sampling/quantisation, A/D converters; noise/filters (overview). Transducers: principles and biomedical examples.

Instructor‑provided notes; device datasheets/guidance