Nursing and Midwifery Sciences

Activity type

Scienze umane e psicopedagogiche

SSD

MED/02

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

24 classroom hours

Lecturers

VALENTINA GAZZANIGA

Activity type

Scienze della prevenzione e servizi sanitari

SSD

MED/44

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

24 classroom hours

Lecturers

GIUSEPPE LA TORRE
SIMONE DE SIO

Activity type

Scienze propedeutiche

SSD

MED/01

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

24 classroom hours

Lecturers

PATRIZIO PASQUALETTI

Activity type

Scienze del management sanitario

SSD

MED/42

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

24 classroom hours

Lecturers

MAURIZIO MARCECA

At the end of the course, students should be able to understand, remember, and explain:
- the concepts of health and safety in the workplace, the risk factors present, and the methods of prevention (technical and health) and protection used
- the main topics of health statistics, with particular reference to descriptive statistics, probability, and inferential statistics
- the main stages in the development of Western medical thinking, with particular reference to the concepts of health and prevention and their significance in the training of healthcare personnel, including from an ethical and deontological point of view
Students must also :
- have acquired the ability to interpret health and disease phenomena through the lens of “Health determinants”, to understand and recognise “Inequities in health and healthcare” and the dynamics that produce them, as well as the actions needed to contrast them; become familiar with theories and practices relating to “Individual and Community Empowerment” and “Intersectoral Policies” for health as cornerstones of “Health Promotion” and be able to plan and guide interventions of this nature; be familiar with the new models of local care (as defined by Ministerial Decree 77/2022), with particular reference to “Case della Comunità”; recognise social vulnerability as a cross-cutting issue in the population and develop an aptitude and knowledge for “Advocacy” and the facilitation of integrated social and health interventions that involve “Community engagement”.

For the module of the history of medicine, it is necessary to know the main stages of historical development in the West from antiquity to the Middle Ages.

Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE
History of the concepts of illness, health and disease, general introduction ( 2 hours); Antiquity and Middle Age (2 hours); Modern Age (2 hours); contemporary age (2 hours)
History and ethical aspects in the relationship nursing professionals-patients (2 hours)
Historical origins of Bioethics (4 hours)
History of professional deontology (4 hours)
Books, museological objects, biological items as sources for the historical research applied to nursing (6 hours).


Module: LABOR MEDICINE
General concepts on health and safety in the workplace. Consolidated law on safety. Risk factors and risk assessment. The activities of the Prevention and Protection Service and the Occupational Physician. Preventive and protective measures. Return to work. Health promotion in the workplace. The evaluation of Work-related stress. Night work and shift work assessment


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS
1) Descriptive Statistics
Classification of variables with particular reference to biomedical and clinical measures
Frequency distributions
Graphical representations
Position indices
Dispersion indices

2) Probability
Definitions
Basic formulas and statement of fundamental theorems
Bayes theorem
Probability distributions: binomial, uniform, normal

3) Inferential Statistics (Estimation and significance tests)
-Sample distributions
-Standard error of the sample mean
-Confidence intervals
-Standard error and confidence intervals for the proportion
-Estimation of the difference between two means and between two proportions
-Testing a hypothesis
-Principles of significance tests
-Significant, real and important
-Test for the comparison between means and between two proportions
-Analysis of variance and comparison between means after analysis of variance
-Regression and correlation
-The chi-square association test
-Odds, Odds Ratio and hints on logistic regression


Module: HYGIENE
Health determinants (unchangeable and changeable, proximal, intermediate and distal/structural). Inequities in health and healthcare. Health promotion and its cornerstones: individual and community empowerment and intersectoral policies. The reform of local healthcare provided by Ministerial Decree 77/2022. Social vulnerability, the social commitment of healthcare professionals and social and healthcare integration.

Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE
LR Angeletti, V Gazzaniga. Storia, filosofia ed etica generale della medicina. Milano, Masson 2011 (o ed. precedente, 2008)

Conforti M., Corbellini G, Gazzaniga V. Dalla cura alla scienza. Milano, Encyclomedia, 2014- e-book
Corbellini G. Storia del concetto di salute e malattia. Roma, Carocci, 2011



Module: LABOR MEDICINE
G. La Torre, Manuale di management sanitario e di medicina occupazionale. SEU, 2025



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS
Douglas Altman: Practical Statistics for Medical Research, Chapman & Hall


Module: HYGIENE
Marmot M. La salute disuguale. Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore, 2016
Ottawa Chart, 1986.
D.Lgs. n. 229/99 e L.C. n. 3/2001
D.M. n. 77/2022
Report OCSE sull’Integrazione sociosanitaria del 2025.

Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE
N/D
Module: LABOR MEDICINE
N/D
Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS
-Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D, for the CONSORT Group. CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials.
-von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.
-Bossuyt PM, Reitsma JB, Bruns DE, Gatsonis CA, Glasziou PP, Irwig L, LijmerJG Moher D, Rennie D, de Vet HCW, Kressel HY, Rifai N, Golub RM, Altman DG, Hooft L, Korevaar DA, Cohen JF, For the STARD Group. STARD 2015: An Updated List of Essential Items for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies.
-Collins GS, Reitsma JB, Altman DG, Moons KG. Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): The TRIPOD statement.


Module: HYGIENE
N/D

Frontal lessons, PPT instruments at disposal. Role-playing and simulations will also be used.

Mandatory, lessons of each didactic module one day a week

Oral exam, also comprehending the discussion of ongoing (written or oral) trials. The final assessment will include the final result of the written test and the level of complexity, ability to discuss the topic and clarity demonstrated in the oral test.

- Duties and obligations of the competent doctor
- Which are the main bioethics documents that may have an impact on professional nursing practice?
- What are the three classic levels of implementation of social and health care integration?

Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE

• Topic: History of the concepts of illness, health and disease, general introduction
  • Books: Conforti M., Corbellini G, Gazzaniga V. Dalla cura alla scienza. Milano, Encyclomedia, 2014- e-book


• Topic: Concept of health and disease in antiquity and Middle ages
  • Books: Conforti M., Corbellini G, Gazzaniga V. Dalla cura alla scienza. Milano, Encyclomedia, 2014- e-book


• Topic: Concept of health and disease in Modern Age
  • Books: Corbellini G. Storia del concetto di salute e malattia. Roma, Carocci, 2011


• Topic: Concept of disease in contemporary age
  • Books: Corbellini G. Storia del concetto di salute e malattia. Roma, Carocci, 2011


• Topic: History  and ethical aspects in the relationship nursing professionals-patients
  • Books: LR Angeletti, V Gazzaniga. Storia, filosofia ed etica generale della medicina. Milano, Masson 2011 (o ed. precedente, 2008)


• Topic: Historical origins of Bioethics
  • Books: G. Corbellini, C. Lalli, Bioetica per perplessi


• Topic: History of Nursing deontology
  • Books: LR Angeletti, V Gazzaniga. Storia, filosofia ed etica generale della medicina. Milano, Masson 2011 (o ed. precedente, 2008)


• Topic: Books, Museological objects, biological items as sources for the historical research applied to nursing
  • Books: Captions, videos and legendae at the Museum of History of Medicine

• Topic: General concepts on health and safety in the workplace.   
  • Books: G. La Torre, Manuale di management sanitario e di medicina occupazionale. SEU, 2025


• Topic: Consolidated law on safety. Risk factors and risk assessment.
  • Books: G. La Torre, Manuale di management sanitario e di medicina occupazionale. SEU, 2025


• Topic: The activities of the Prevention and Protection Service and the Occupational Physician.
  • Books: G. La Torre, Manuale di management sanitario e di medicina occupazionale. SEU, 2025


• Topic: Preventive and protective measures. Return to work. Health promotion in the workplace.
  • Books: G. La Torre, Manuale di management sanitario e di medicina occupazionale. SEU, 2025


•  Topic: The evaluation of Work-related stress. Night work and shift work assessment

• Topic: Descriptive Statistics
  • Books: Douglas Altman: Practical Statistics for Medical Research, Chapman & Hall


• Topic: Probability
  • Books: Douglas Altman: Practical Statistics for Medical Research, Chapman & Hall


• Topic: Inferential Statistics (Estimation and significance tests)
  • Books: Douglas Altman: Practical Statistics for Medical Research, Chapman & Hall

• Topic: Comprehensive introduction to the Public Health perspective. Health determinants with examples and case studies.


• Topic: Inequities in health and healthcare with examples and case studies.


• Topic: Health Promotion and its cornerstones: individual and community Empowerment and Intersectoral Policies.


• Topic: The LEAs and the macro-level of district healthcare.


• Topic: The reform of local healthcare services implemented by Ministerial Decree 77/2022.


• Topic: COTs, Community Houses and Community Hospitals.


• Topic: Social vulnerability, the social commitment of healthcare professionals (the ‘advocacy’ role).
  • Books: UCL. Working for Health Equity: The Role of Health Professionals.