Biomedical Laboratory techniques - Course A - Roma Azienda Policlinico Umberto I

Activity type

Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico

SSD

MED/04

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

VERONICA VESCHI

Activity type

Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico

SSD

MED/05

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

MARCO CIPPITELLI

Activity type

Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico

SSD

MED/46

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

TINA GAROFALO

Activity type

Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico

SSD

MED/04

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

MARCO CIPPITELLI

Activity type

Scienze e tecniche di laboratorio biomedico

SSD

MED/46

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

MARCO CIPPITELLI

Understand the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diseases.

Comprehend molecular, cellular, and tissue alterations responsible for organ and systemic pathologies.

Connect pathogenic mechanisms with clinical presentations and laboratory parameters.

Interpret laboratory data in relation to pathophysiological mechanisms.

Link biochemical and cellular alterations with diagnostic findings.

Critically recognize etiological factors and disease mechanisms.

Assess the relevance of laboratory parameters within the clinical context.

Use accurate technical and scientific language.

Clearly communicate laboratory data to physicians and colleagues.

Acquire a study method useful for continuous updates in the biomedical field.

Basic understanding of Cell and Molecular Biology, Anatomy, and Physiology.

Foundational elements of Biochemistry and Genetics.

Recommended prerequisites: General Pathology and Microbiology.

Cells and tissues of the immune system.
Innate immunity.
Antigens and antibodies.
Antigen recognition, TCR-BCR.
The major histocompatibility complex, processing and presentation to T lymphocytes Cytokines.
Hypersensitivity reactions.
Autoimmunity.
Transplants and transplant rejection.
Immunoassays in the clinical laboratory.

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Flow cytometry - diagnostic applications.
Immunophenotype.
Serum protein analysis; the protidogram. Monoclonal gammopathies. Urine analysis.
Diagnosis of infectious diseases: direct and indirect method; Examples, HIV tests; test for Hepatitis; test for COVID-19.
Immunoallergology.

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Definition of Pathophysiology, alterations of homeostatic balance, clinical framework of diseases.
Pathophysiology of metabolism: Alterations in the control of glucose homeostasis.
Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetes.
Alterations in lipid metabolism (dyslipidemias).
General pathophysiology of vessels and endothelium: Endothelial dysfunction and progression of the atheromatous process.
Classification of lesions and complications. Risk factors for atherosclerotic disease.
Pathophysiology of the liver: Overview of hepatic function. Hepatitis and cirrhosis.
Pathophysiology of the kidney: Overview of renal function. Glomerulonephritis.
Pathophysiology of the respiratory system: Acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory system.
Pathophysiology of the endocrine system: Hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Pathophysiology of the thyroid and adrenal glands.

Adopted textbooks

Immunologia
Richard Coico, Geoffrey Sunshine
ed. Edi-Ermes

Pontieri GM: Elementi di Patologia Generale e Fisiopatologia Generale (Testo unico).
Editore Piccin IV edizione

PPT files and literature provided by the teacher

Module: PHYSIOPATHOLOGY
N/D
Module: BASIS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
N/D
Module: TECHNICAL SCIENCE OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
N/D
Module: IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
N/D
Module: TECHNICAL SCIENCE OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
N/D

Lectures with multimedia support.

Mandatory attendance of lectures.

Final grade out of thirty – Average of the three modules.

Explain the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis.

What are the main complications of chronic hypertension?

What is the role of the kidney in acid-base regulation, and what happens in chronic renal failure?

Which test tubes are used for serological analyses?

What is the function of antibodies?

What is an ELISA assay?

What is ESR?

What is hematocrit?

• Immunology and Immunopathology – 20 hours – 2 ECTS credits.                  Lesson 1 – Cells and tissues of the immune system.            Lesson 2 – Innate immunity.
  Antigens and antibodies.
  Lesson 3 – Antigen recognition: TCR and BCR.
  Lesson 4 – The major histocompatibility complex: antigen processing and presentation to T lymphocytes.
  Lesson 5 – Functions of T lymphocytes.                    Lesson 6 – Cytokines.        Lesson 7 – Hypersensitivity reactions.                          Lesson 8 – Autoimmunity.
  Lesson 9 – Transplants and transplant rejection.          Lesson 10 – Immunological assays in the clinical laboratory.


• Fundamentals of Laboratory Medicine – 10 hours – 1 ECTS credit.                                  Lesson 1 – Basics of Flow Cytometry.                          Lesson 2 – Medical Diagnostics – Laboratory Investigations.                    Lesson 3 – Complete Blood Count (CBC).                      Lesson 4 – Urinalysis.                  Lesson 5 – Protein Electrophoresis (Serum Protein Electrophoresis).


• Technical Sciences of Laboratory Medicine - 10 hours – 1 ECTS credit.                Lesson 1 – Principles of Immunometry: Definition and applications of monoclonal antibodies.                        Lesson 2 – Main techniques involving the use of antibodies in laboratory diagnostics.
  Lesson 3 – RIA and ELISA: tracers and signal detection techniques.
  Chemiluminescence: applications in autoimmune diseases.                            Lesson 4 – Electrophoresis and Immunoblotting.                  Lesson 5 – Precipitation and Agglutination assays: ABO blood group typing and HLA typing.


• Principles of Pathophysiology – 20 hours – 2 ECTS credits. Lesson 1
  Definition of Pathophysiology, alterations of homeostatic balance, clinical framework of diseases.  Lesson 2
  Pathophysiology of metabolism: Alterations in the control of glucose homeostasis. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetes.
  Lesson 3
  Alterations of lipid metabolism (dyslipidemias).
  Lesson 4
  General pathophysiology of vessels and endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction and progression of the atherosclerotic process. Classification of lesions and complications.                    Lesson 5
  Risk factors for atherosclerotic disease.
  Lesson 6
  Pathophysiology of the liver: Overview of hepatic function. Hepatitis and cirrhosis.                            Lesson 7
  Pathophysiology of the kidney: Overview of renal function. Glomerulonephritis.
  Lesson 8
  Pathophysiology of the respiratory system: Acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory tract.               Lesson 9
  Pathophysiology of the endocrine system. The hypothalamic–pituitary axis.
  Lesson 10
  Pathophysiology of the thyroid and adrenal glands.