Dietistic - Roma Azienda Policlinico Umberto I

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

BIO/13

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

LAURA STRONATI

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MED/03

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

PAOLA GRAMMATICO

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MED/04

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

DIANA BELLAVIA

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MED/07

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

LUCIA NENCIONI

The student will be required to demonstrate knowledge of the fundamentals of microbiology, genetics, and biology, as well as the mechanisms underlying the pathogenetic processes of diseases. The student will use scientific terminology appropriately and will develop a study method useful for approaching subsequent professional courses.

For a good understanding of the topics covered during the course Cellular and Molecular Bases of Life and to achieve the learning objectives, it is important that the student possesses basic knowledge of Biology, Chemistry, and Physics.

Module: APPLIED BIOLOGY
Molecular basis of heredity
Nucleic acids: DNA, RNA: composition and structure
DNA replication.
From DNA to proteins: transcription, genetic code, translation.
Complexity of eukaryotic genes, human karyotype, genetic mutations (gene, genomic, chromosomal). (7 hours)

Cell duplication
The cell cycle.
Mitosis and meiosis. (3 hours)


Module: GENETICS
N/D
Module: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Etiology: Main concepts of health, pathologic process and disease; etiology, pathogenesis, evolution, resolution (exitus). General environmental pathology. Pathology by physical and chemical agents. Biological agents of disease: bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins.
Pathology of cell structures: the cell's response to injury: cellular stress, cellular adaptations (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, metaplasia), intracellular storage diseases
The basics of inflammation, acute and chronic inflammation. Innate immunity and inflammation. Inflammation as a transcriptional program. Inflammatory cells. Chemical mediators of inflammation of cellular and plasma origins. Acute inflammation: the vascular phenomena of inflammation, the mechanisms of formation of exudate, the various types of exudative inflammation. Chronic inflammation: mechanisms of granuloma formation.
Oncology: Cell/Tissue phenotypic changes: metaplasia, dysplasia, anaplasia and precancerous lesions. Definition of cancer. Morphological and biochemical features of the neoplastic cell. Histogenetic classification of tumors. Clinical criteria for the classification of tumors: grading and staging. Stages of the neoplastic process: initiation, promotion and progression (invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis). Oncogenes and their activation mechanisms. Tumor suppressor genes. Genomic instability. Heredityary tumors.



Module: MICROBIOLOGY
- General characteristics and structure, virulence factors of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, protozoa).
- The bacterial cell: prokaryotic cell, structure of the cell wall, difference between Gram+ and Gram-. Wall of mycobacteria.
- Bacterial genetics: bacterial genome (bacterial chromosome, plasmids); Bacterial reproduction: Transformation, Conjugation and Transduction (generalized and specialized).
- Curve of bacterial growth and cellular metabolism.
- Bacterial spores and sporogenesis process.
- Virus: structure and viral replicative cycle.
- The fungal cell: eukaryotic cell, wall structure. Difference between yeast-like and filamentous form. Fungal dimorphism.
- Overview of the main antimicrobial/antiviral drugs.
- Host-parasite relationships. Definition of infection and infectious disease. Pathogenesis of microbial and viral infections. Endotoxins, exotoxins.
- Elements of immunology: host defense mechanisms; vaccines.

Module: APPLIED BIOLOGY
Solomon-Martin-Martin-Berg “Elementi di biologia” – Edizioni EDISES
P.H. Raven, G.B. Johnson, K.A. Mason «Elementi di biologia e genetica» – Edizioni PICCIN


Module: GENETICS
N/D
Module: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
General Pathology - Cotran Kumar Collins


Module: MICROBIOLOGY
Lanciotti Principi di Microbiologia clinica. Ambrosiana

Module: APPLIED BIOLOGY
N/D
Module: GENETICS
N/D
Module: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
N/D
Module: MICROBIOLOGY
N/D

The lectures will be delivered in a traditional (face-to-face) format, supported by slides and videos to promote a thorough understanding of the subject.

Attendance is mandatory as required by the study program. To be eligible to take the exam, the student must attend at least 67% of the lectures.

Oral examination graded on a thirty-point scale. To achieve a score of 30/30 with honors, the student must demonstrate an excellent knowledge of the topics covered and be able to present the required concepts in a logical manner using appropriate scientific language.

The cell. The genetic code. Bacterial toxins. Inflammation. Fever.

Module: APPLIED BIOLOGY

• Introduction to cell biology


• Structure and functions of the cell


• Molecular basis of the inheritance


• Cell duplication

• Main concepts of health, pathologic process and disease; etiology, pathogenesis, evolution, resolution (exitus). General environmental pathology. Pathology by physical and chemical agents. Biological agents of disease: bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins.Pathology of cell structures: the cell's response to injury: cellular stress, cellular adaptations (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, metaplasia), intracellular storage diseases


• Cell/Tissue phenotypic changes: metaplasia, dysplasia, anaplasia and precancerous lesions. Definition of cancer. Morphological and biochemical features of the neoplastic cell. Histogenetic classification of tumors. Clinical criteria for the classification of tumors: grading and staging. Stages of the neoplastic process: initiation, promotion and progression (invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis). Oncogenes and their activation mechanisms. Tumor suppressor genes. Genomic instability. Heredityary tumors. 


• Angiophlogosis: stages and progression of the inflammatory process. Participating cells. Exudate. Formation and types of exudate. Cellular mediators of inflammation. Fluid-phase inflammatory mediators. Leukocyte diapedesis. Adhesion molecules. Chemotaxis. Phagocytosis. Chronic inflammation: mediators of inflammation. The granuloma. Conditions associated with granuloma formation.


• The reparative process.


• Inflammation systemic effects. Pathogenesis of Fever. Action of Pyrogens. Classification.

• General characteristics and structure, virulence factors of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, protozoa).- The bacterial cell: prokaryotic cell, structure of the cell wall, difference between Gram+ and Gram-. Wall of mycobacteria.- Bacterial genetics: bacterial genome (bacterial chromosome, plasmids); Bacterial reproduction: Transformation, Conjugation and Transduction (generalized and specialized).- Curve of bacterial growth and cellular metabolism.- Bacterial spores and sporogenesis process.10 hours


• Virus: structure and viral replicative cycle.- The fungal cell: eukaryotic cell, wall structure. Difference between yeast-like and filamentous form. Fungal dimorphism.- Overview of the main antimicrobial/antiviral drugs.- Host-parasite relationships. Definition of infection and infectious disease. Pathogenesis of microbial and viral infections. Endotoxins, exotoxins.- Elements of immunology: host defense mechanisms; vaccines10 hours