Dietistic - ASL Rieti

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

BIOS-10/A

Year

1st year

Semester

1st semester

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

CHRISTIAN BARBATO

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MEDS-01/A

Year

1st year

Semester

1st semester

CFU

1

Hours distribution

10 classroom hours

Lecturers

VIVIANA CAPUTO

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MEDS-02/A

Year

1st year

Semester

1st semester

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

PATRIZIA MANCINI

Activity type

Scienze biomediche

SSD

MEDS-03/A

Year

1st year

Semester

1st semester

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

SIMONETTA MATTIUCCI

At the end of the course, the student:
• knows the cellular organization and the fundamental molecular processes that regulate life;
• understands and interprets the principles of heredity, genetic mutations, and the main diagnostic methodologies;
• recognizes and describes the general characteristics of microorganisms and their role in biological and pathological processes;
• analyzes and explains the basic concepts related to general pathological mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level.

For the understanding of the course contents, a basic knowledge of general biology and chemistry (particularly biochemistry) is required, as it provides the foundation for addressing the concepts of cellular organization and molecular processes. Introductory notions of physics and natural sciences, acquired during previous education, are also useful as cultural support for the study of genetics, microbiology, and general pathology.

Module:
Morpho-functional and metabolic characteristics of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; fundamentals of the genetic code and of the regulation of gene expression, of the mechanisms of inheritance, of the nature of the mutations related to genetic and developmental pathologies


Module:
- DNA: structure and function. Protein synthesis.
- Genes, genome, and genetic mutations.
- Transmission of inherited traits.
- Classification of genetic diseases.
- Examples of monogenic diseases.
- Human chromosomes. Karyotype. Chromosomal anomalies. Chromosomal disorders.
- Recurrence risks of monogenic diseases and chromosomal disorders.
- Diagnosis of monogenic diseases and chromosomal disorders.
- Prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases.
- Genetic counseling: indications, aims, and methods.



Module:
Etiology and pathogenesis. Concept of health and disease. Adaptive responses to cell damage: hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia. Cell death: necrosis, apoptosis. Physical agents as the cause of disease. Exciting and ionizing radiation. Thermal energy transfer disorders. Chemical agents as the cause of disease. Environmental pollution. Body defenses against etiological agents of diseases: innate response, acute and chronic inflammation. Healing of tissue injuries. Pathophysiology of fever.


Module:
Origin, biology, ecology, metabolic and systematic activity of human pathogenic microorganisms, the relationship between host and pathogenic organisms, evaluating their role and behavior in food ecosystems.

Module:
Bibliographical references will be provided during the course-


Module:
- Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Editore: Edises.
- Teaching material provided by the teacher.



Module:
"Elementi di Patologia Generale"
G.M. Pontieri
Per i corsi di Laurea in Professioni Sanitarie
Ed. Piccin
- bibliographical references and teaching materials will be provided during the course



Module:
Bibliographical references will be provided during the course.

Module:
N/D
Module:
N/D
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N/D

Teaching is delivered in a lecture-based format through classroom lessons supported by multimedia presentations. The lectures are organized by modules and follow a pathway that progressively introduces the topics of Biology, Medical Genetics, Microbiology, and General Pathology. In addition, interactive moments with students are included, aimed at the guided discussion of examples and general cases, in order to promote understanding and integration of the contents.

Attendance is in person and is required according to the regulations of the Degree Program.

The assessment consists of a written examination and an oral examination.
The written test is aimed at evaluating the acquisition of basic knowledge in the four modules (Biology, Medical Genetics, Microbiology, General Pathology) through multiple-choice and/or open-ended questions.
The oral test allows for a deeper evaluation of the critical understanding of the topics, the ability to make connections between the different subjects covered, and the appropriate use of scientific language.

Biology and Epidemiology of Protozoans transmitted by vegetables consumption;
Biology and Epidemiology of Helminths transmitted by meat
Biology and Epidemiology of Helminths transmitted by sea-food
Describe the main techniques of molecular and cellular biology: PCR, Western Blot, cell cultures, and gene transfer.
Describe restriction enzymes, their uses, and main applications.
Illustrate protein synthesis and protein structure.
Explain the mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation.
Describe the biochemical and molecular aspects of DNA and RNA.
Illustrate cellular respiration, glycolysis, and the functions of mitochondria.
Explain the fundamental principles of Darwinian evolution.
Describe the structure, composition, and functions of biological membranes.
Illustrate the main characteristics and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Describe intercellular communication, receptors, and signal transduction mechanisms.
Describe the difference between the haploid and diploid chromosomal sets in humans.
Explain how DNA mutations can affect the structure and function of proteins.
Illustrate the main differences between autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive diseases.
Describe the distinction between somatic and germline mutations and their possible consequences.
Describe the genetic basis of cystic fibrosis and the role of the CFTR gene in the disease.
Illustrate the meaning of the genetic code and the relationship between codons and amino acids.
Describe the characteristics of multifactorial diseases and the interaction between genetic and environmental factors.
Illustrate the peculiarities of genetic tests compared to traditional laboratory analyses and their clinical and ethical implications.
In the cotext of pathology, the questions concern the topics covered during the lectures and listed in the syllabus provided to the student at the beginning of the course. Specifically, they may include: Burns, Pathophysiological mechanism of fever, Granuloma: definition, mechanism of formation, and types, Cardinal signs of inflammation, Cell death, Effects of radiation on living matter.

Module:



Module:

• - DNA: structure and function. Protein synthesis. Genes,
  genome, and genetic mutations. 3h
  • Books: Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Edises. Chapt. 1-2-3


• - Transmission of inherited traits. Classification of
  genetic diseases. 3h
  • Books: Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Edises. Chapt. 4


• - Examples of monogenic diseases. 1h
  • Books: Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Edises. Chapt. 9


• - Human chromosomes. Karyotype. Chromosomal anomalies.
  Chromosomal disorders. 2h
  • Books: Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Edises. Chapt. 6-7-8


• - Diagnosis of monogenic diseases and chromosomal disorders.
  1h
  • Books: Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Edises. Chapt. 5 and
    
    15


• - Prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases. 1h
  • Books: Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Edises. Chapt. 14


• - Genetic counseling: indications, aims, and methods. 1h
  • Books: Elementi di genetica medica, Clementi, Edises. Chapt. 13

• Definition of etiology and pathogenesis. Concepts of health and disease. Cellular adaptations to injury. Cell death: necrosis and apoptosis.
  • Books: Recommended texts plus teaching materials provided by the instructor


• Exciting and ionizing radiation and their effects on matter. Thermal energy transfer disorders. Heat and cold as causes of disease.


•  Chemical agents as causes of disease. Environmental pollution. Innate response. Acute inflammation: definition. Key signs of inflammation. Cells involved in the inflammatory process. Chemical mediators of inflammation.


• Dynamics of acute inflammation: vascular and cellular phenomena. Exudate: definition, mechanism of formation, and types of exudate. Chronic inflammation: definition. Hypersensitivity granuloma and foreign body granuloma: definition  and formation.


• Healing by regeneration and repair. Healing of skin wounds.Scar formation. Fever.

• General aspects on food-borne parasitosis and
  zoonosis 


• Protozoan infections transmitted by
  water, vegetables and meat consumption


• Helminths transmitted by water, vegetables and meat
  consumption


• Sea-food borne parasitosis and
  zoonosis


• Methodological approaches for the detection, identification
  and diagnosis of food-borne parasites