Medicine and Surgery

ALESSANDRA MARCHETTI
ALESSANDRA MARCHETTI
CATERINA CATALANOTTO
CATERINA CATALANOTTO

Based on the attachments to Ministerial Decree no. 418 of May 30, 2025, the syllabus for this course is uniform nationwide and has the following general objectives:

The Biology course aims to provide students with a solid and integrated understanding of the fundamentals of biology, which is essential for understanding the physiological and pathological processes addressed in subsequent courses in the biomedical field.

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. (Knowledge and Understanding)
Describe the structure and function of the main classes of biological macromolecules.
Explain the molecular foundations of living matter.
2. (Applying Knowledge and Understanding)
Analyze the organization and compartmentalization of the cell, intracellular trafficking, and the interactions between cells and their external environment.
Apply knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms to interpret the regulation of gene expression and the transmission of genetic and epigenetic information.
3. (Making Judgements)
Evaluate the implications of alterations in these molecular processes for the onset of hereditary and acquired diseases.
4. (Communication Skills)
Illustrate, using appropriate scientific terminology, the principles of cell communication and signal transduction, with particular emphasis on the control of cell proliferation and programmed cell death.
5. (Learning Skills)
Demonstrate understanding of the molecular and cellular events governing mitosis and meiosis, particularly in germ cells, and relate them to broader biological and biomedical contexts.

Knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology is required (corresponding to the preparation provided by secondary schools).

- Foundations of Biology and Evolution
- Viruses and Prokaryotic Cells
- Eukaryotic Cells and Organelles
- Biochemistry and Macromolecules
- DNA, Genes, and Gene Expression
- Protein Synthesis, Regulation, and Post-translational Modifications
- Genomics, Mutations, and Human Genetics
- Cell Membranes, Transport, and Organellar Trafficking
- Cytoskeleton, ECM, and Cell-Cell Communication
- Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction
- Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis, and Cell Death

Students are expected to select their primary textbooks from the Biology and Genetics titles currently in use at Medical Schools. These texts should provide comprehensive coverage of the topics addressed in the course and serve as the main reference for study and exam preparation.

In September, all students enrolled in the open semester will have the opportunity to attend classes in person, although remote participation will also be allowed. In October, lectures will be conducted in a blended format, and in November, classes will be delivered exclusively online. All in-person lectures will be live-streamed.

Mandatory attendance of at least 67% of lessons

National entrance examinations established by the Decrees of the Ministry of University and Research: D.M. 418 dated 30 May 2025 and D.M. 557 dated 4 August 2025

https://www.mur.gov.it/sites/default/files/2025-06/Decreto%20MInisteriale%20n.%20418%20Allegato%202.pdf

• Unit 1


• Unit 2


• Unit 3


• Unit 4


• Unit 5


• Unit 6


• Unit 7