Medicine and Surgery "F"

Activity type

Formazione clinica interdisciplinare e medicina basata sulle evidenze

SSD

MED/03

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

13 classroom hours

Lecturers

IRENE BOTTILLO

Activity type

Scienze umane, politiche della salute e management sanirario

SSD

MED/02

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

25 classroom hours

Lecturers

MARIA CONFORTI

Activity type

Fisiopatologia, metodologia clinica, propedeutica clinica e sistematica medico-chirurgica

SSD

MED/09

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

12.5 classroom hours

Lecturers

MAURIZIO MUSCARITOLI

Activity type

Fisiopatologia, metodologia clinica, propedeutica clinica e sistematica medico-chirurgica

SSD

MED/18

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

25 classroom hours

Lecturers

Activity type

Inglese scientifico e abilità linguistiche, informatiche e relazionali, pedagogia medica, tecnologie avanzate e a distanza di informazione e comunicazione

SSD

L-LIN/12

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

4

Hours distribution

48 classroom hours

Lecturers

Activity type

Tirocini formativi e di orientamento

SSD

MED/41

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

5 training hours, 20 others hours

Lecturers

Activity type

Fisiopatologia, metodologia clinica, propedeutica clinica e sistematica medico-chirurgica, Tirocini formativi e di orientamento

SSD

MED/09, MED/09

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

13 classroom hours, 25 training hours

Lecturers

Activity type

Inglese scientifico e abilità linguistiche, informatiche e relazionali, pedagogia medica, tecnologie avanzate e a distanza di informazione e comunicazione

SSD

MED/01

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

12.5 classroom hours

Lecturers

LUIGI PALLA

First course
Main teaching objectives:
- know the development of scientific thought in relation to medical care based on reasoning and clinical method; the methodological study of genetic diseases and the new frontiers of genetics for the development of medicine; health as primary benefit of man and the community;
- know how to apply scientific method in the medical field in order to define the basis of the formulation of clinical reasoning, in the light of fundamental ethical models of reference;
- be able to evaluate the close relationship between health-person-bioethics-genetic inheritance-symptoms and objective examination in order to provide appropriate management of the patient.

Second course
The course aims to develop the theoretical and practical skills necessary to allow a correct medical-patient interaction, to develop a method of collecting information and clinical data as well as the ability to accurately collect, recognize and interpret the main normal and pathological physical signs for all organs and systems.
At the end of the course, the student must be able /or have:
to perform patient’s interviewing and health history taking (Adapting Interviewing Techniques to Specific Situations)
to perform physical examination of major organs including collection of vital signs
to collect blood pressure
to perform basic surgical maneuvers
to perform a basic interpretation of ECG
basic knowledge of clinical reasoning
to perform the main Basic Life Support maneuvers (licensed by American Heart Association)

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
Learning outcomes:
To guide students into the world of Clinical Medicine, helping them to get familiar with the concepts of health, disease, person, and providing introductory elements of scientific methodology, and introducing the medical glossary, the medical reasoning and the evidence-based and person-centered modern medicine.



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
Prepare students to understand the logic of statistical inference and to use and interpret the main statistical tests used in biomedicine. In particular at the end of the course the student should:
-be able to describe the probability distributions for binary (binomial) and continuous (normal) variables
-understand the difference between parameters of the population and their sampling estimates and the properties of the latter
-be able to apply one and two-sample parametric tests (z and t tests) of scientific hypotheses and interpret the results
-be able to calculate and interpret confidence intervals of a sampling estimate
-be able to assess when to use nonparametric tests of hypotheses and interpret them
-appreciate the extension of theory of statistical tests to regression coefficients and be able to interpret such tests.
-understand the extension of regression to binary outcome variables and be able to interpret the results of logistic regression

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
Requirements:
Basic knowledge of statistics, history of medicine, basic biology, basics of clinical medicine



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
In order to be able to follow the teaching, the student must possess some basic notions of history and philosophy, as in a standard Italian high school course


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
Basic knowledge of statistics, history of medicine, basic biology, basics of clinical medicine



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
Prerequisites
Basic Knowledge of maths (calculus, algebra, analytic geometry)
Descriptive Statistics and Basic Probability

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
Contents:
Introduction to Human Genome: organization, protein-coding genes, gene families, pseudogenes, ncRNAs, DNA methylation
Human Genetic Diversity: pathogenic and benign variants (SNPs, Indels, CNVs, Inversions)
Genome analysis: genomic array and DNA sequencing
Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening
Principles of bioinformatics
Genetic counselling
Imprinting disorders



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
History of medicine
- general features
- antiquity and middle ages: surgery and its early history
- early modern and Enlightenment: the beginnings of rehabilitation
- 19th and 20th centuries developments
- history of the healing professions, history of hospitals and public health
Elements of bioethics and of medical philosophy




Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
Contents:
Introduction to Clinical Medicine; Introduction to physical examination; Introduction to Medical Diagnosis; Introduction to Medical Record; The Doctor-Patient Relationship; To cure and to care; Illness, Disease, Sickness; Evidence-based Medicine; How is evidence generated; How to search the sources of evidence; How to perform a bibliographic search; How to read a scientific paper.

APP: Doing an imformatic library research; Analyzing tools for scientific papers: How to use e-portfolio tools
These activities will be held in classroom. These activities are strictly linked with the contents of the course, in particular with the section dedicated to the evidence-based medicine. After attending these APPs, the students will be able to perform by themselves a literature search and to orient themselves within the digital resources, with the needed critical approach.



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
Contents:
Probability distribution (binomial and normal) and their properties and biomedical applications. Sampling distributons of proportions and means and their properties. Logic of statistical inference and of the long run (frequentist). Confidence intervals for sampling estimates. Statistical hypothesis test theory. Normal and t tests for single, paired and independent tests. Nonparametric tests and when to use them. Testing hypotheses on linear regression coefficients. Foundations and interpretation of logistic regression.

APP: Using and interpreting common statistical tests: This APP, carried out first in small groups by students and then in the classroom is meant to apply to concrete scientific problem the theory of statistical tests of hypothesis, in various steps: understand the scientific problem, determine the appropriate test, apply the logic of inference, calculate the test and the p-value using statistical tables and interpreting the results.

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
Suggested Textbooks: ·
Thomson and Thomson, Genetics in Medicine, Elsevier, VIII Edition, 2016



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
Roy Porter, Blood and Guts, 2017


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
Suggested Textbooks: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine; Goldman-Cecil Medicine.


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
Suggested Textbooks:
Lecture slides/materials will be available via e-learning. Further readings :

Kirkwood and Sterne, Essential Medical Statistics, Blackwell 2003 (reference book)

Huff, D. How to lie with statistics.
Vickers, A. J. What is a p-value anyway?

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
N/D

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
Lectures and practicals


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
Front lessons in classroom.

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
Mandatory


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
Mandatory attendance


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
mandatory


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
Mandatory

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
Evaluation methods:
Written Exam (MCQs); oral exam only upon request and after written exam.



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
30 quizzes + 1 question with an open answer


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
Evaluation methods:
Written Exam (Multiple choice questions); oral exam only upon request and after written exam. The questions will also focus on the knowledge acquired with the APPs.



Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
Evaluation methods: The written examination is made up of 7 questions, of which6 MCQs and one open question on applying and interpreting a test of biomedical hypothesis (similar to the one carried out in the APP)

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - HISTORY OF MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - INTERNAL MEDICINE
The Scientific Method for Producing Evidence
Controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials
Meaning of meta analysis


Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - STATISTICS
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - ANESTHESIOLOGY
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - INTERNAL MEDICINE
N/D
Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS II - GENERAL SURGERY
N/D

Module: PRE-CLINICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODS I - MEDICAL GENETICS

• Introduction to Human Genome: organization, protein-coding genes, gene families, pseudogenes, ncRNAs, DNA methylation; Human Genetic Diversity: pathogenic and benign variants (SNPs, Indels, CNVs, Inversions)


• Genome analysis: genomic array and DNA sequencing


• Principles of bioinformatics


• Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening


• Genetic counselling

• FROM CLINICAL TO EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE FIRST CLASS, COURSE START UP
  • Books: HARRISON'S PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 19TH ED; SIR ARCHIE COCHRANE: EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICACY


• WHAT IS EVIDENCE AND WHY WE NEED IT
  • Books: HARRISON'S PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 19TH ED; SIR ARCHIE COCHRANE: EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICACY


• HOW EVIDENCE IS GENERATED IN THE BIOMEDICAL FIELD
  • Books: SEE ABOVE


• FROM CLINICAL TRIALS TO METANALYSES TO GUIDELINE
  • Books: READ TEACHER'S SLIDES


• HOW TO READ A SCIENTIFIC PAPAER
  • Books: READ TEACHER'S SLIDES


• HOW TO PUBLISH SCIENTIFIC DATA: INSTRUCTION MANUAL
  • Books: READ TEACHER'S SLIDES


• LAST ACTIVITY - COURSE END APP: Doing an imformatic library research; Analyzing tools for scientific papers: How to use e-portfolio toolsThese activities will be held in classroom. These activities are strictly linked with the contents of the course, in particular with the section dedicated to the evidence-based medicine. After attending these APPs, the students will be able to perform by themselves a literature search and to orient themselves within the digital resources, with the needed critical approach. 

• Probability distribution (binomial and normal) and their properties and biomedical applications. 


•  Sampling distributons of proportions and means and their properties. 


•  Logic of statistical inference and of the long run (frequentist). 


• Confidence intervals for sampling estimates.


•  Hypothesis test statistical theory. 


• Normal and t tests for single, paired and independent tests.


• Nonparametric tests and when to use them. 


• Testing hypotheses on linear regression coefficients.


• Foundations and interpretation of logistic regression.