Medicine and Surgery "B" - Roma Azienda Policlinico Umberto I

Activity type

Fisiopatologia, metodologia clinica, propedeutica clinica e sistematica medico-chirurgica, Attività formative affini o integrative

SSD

BIO/14, BIO/14

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

4

Hours distribution

48 classroom hours

Lecturers

Activity type

Farmacologia, tossicologia e principi di terapia medica, Attività formative affini o integrative

SSD

BIO/14, BIO/14

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

3

Hours distribution

36 classroom hours

Lecturers

ROBERTA LATTANZI
ANTONIA MANDUCA

At the end of the course, the student should acquire:
1. Theoretical knowledge
• Describe the general principles of pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination) and pharmacodynamics (mechanisms of action, receptors, dose–response relationships).
• Explain the molecular and cellular bases of drug action.
• Know the main classes of drugs (e.g., antibiotics, antihypertensives, analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, psychotropic drugs, antineoplastic agents, etc.) and their mechanisms of action, therapeutic indications, side effects, and contraindications.
• Understand drug interactions and the factors influencing individual drug response (age, comorbidities, genetics, pregnancy, etc.).
• Illustrate the principles of clinical pharmacology, including therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacovigilance, and the risk/benefit ratio.

2. Practical and applied skills
• Select an appropriate drug for a specific clinical condition, considering efficacy, safety, and possible interactions.
• Recognize signs of toxicity or adverse reactions and propose appropriate therapeutic interventions.
• Apply the principles of gender pharmacology and personalized therapy.

3. Transversal competencies
• Communicate clearly and appropriately with patients and colleagues regarding pharmacological therapy and adherence.
• Update independently on new therapeutic developments and clinical guidelines.
• Integrate pharmacology with other medical and biological disciplines for comprehensive patient management.
• Adhere to ethical and deontological principles in the prescription and use of drugs.

Students must be familiar with the basic notions of physiology, chemistry, biology, microbiology and general pathology

PHARMACOLOGY I (YEAR IV, SEMESTER II)

GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
Principles of pharmacokinetics: absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs. Variability in responses to drugs on a genetic basis and in physiological and pathological conditions.
Principles of pharmacodynamics: sites and mechanisms of action of drugs, classes of receptors for drugs and signal transduction systems in the drug-receptor interaction; quantal and gradual dose-response relationships. Discovery/invention/development of new drugs. Pharmacovigilance.

ANALGESICS AND ANESTHETICS
Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of pain
Local anesthetics
General anesthetics
Opioid and non-opioid analgesics
Placebo effect

ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Paracetamol
Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS
Antihypertensive drugs
Drugs for the treatment of Angina pectoris
Drugs for the treatment of heart failure
Antiarrhytmic drugs
Antidyslipidemic agents
Antiplatelets, anticoagulant and thrombolytic drugs
Diuretics

PHARMACOLOGY II (YEAR V, SEMESTER I)
PHARMACOLOGY OF PSYCHIATRIC AND NEUROLOGICAL INTEREST
Substance of abuse
Drug Dependence
Antipsychotics
Antidepressants
Mood stabilizers
Anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic drugs
Antiseizure drugs
Drugs for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS
Antibiotics
Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotic prophylaxis
Antifungal drugs
Antiviral drugs

IMMUNOMODULATORY DRUGS

DRUGS

ENDOCRINE PHARMACOLOGY
Antidiabetic drugs
Drugs that affect bone mineral homeostasis

GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS
Drug for gastric protection
Antiemetic drugs
Prokinetic drugs
Laxatives and antidiarrheals

• Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Thirteenth Edition
• B.G. Katzung, A.J. Trevor, Basic and clinical pharmacology, Eleventh Edition

Additional readings detailed by the instructor during lectures.

The lecturers provide the lectures with traditional methods, with audiovisual aids and with scheduling of the lessons as reported on the GOMP System / Timetable System and published on the CdS website.Elective teaching activities, e-learning course

Attendance of at least 75% of lectures is required in order to transfer to another 'channel'

The assessment will be based on two oral exams: preliminary (topics covered during the IV year, II semester) and final (topics covered during the V year, I semester). The final grade will be expressed in thirtieths and will be represented by the weighted average of the two exams

The exam dates will be listed in INFOSTUD after the start of the academic year. However, exams will be held in February, June, July, September. Exams are also scheduled for students outside the course only in December and April

1) Describe the metabolism of drugs.
2) Draw a dose–response curve.
3) Describe the therapeutic indications and adverse effects of penicillins.
4) Describe the therapeutic indications and adverse effects of benzodiazepines.
5) Why are non-selective beta-blockers contraindicated in asthmatic patients?
6) Explain the mechanism of action of Class I antiarrhythmic drugs according to the Vaughan Williams classification.
7) Analyze the role of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs/DOACs) compared to warfarin.

• Lectures on: General Pharmacology"


• Lectures on:  Pharmacology of the Central Nervous System


• Lectures on: cardiovascular Pharmacology


• Lectures on: Antimicrobial Pharmacology