Medicine and Surgery "D" - Roma Azienda Policlinico Umberto I

Activity type

Formazione clinica interdisciplinare e medicina basata sulle evidenze, Patologia generale e molecolare, immunopatologia, fisiopatologia generale, microbiologia e parassitologia, Tirocini formativi e di orientamento

SSD

MED/04, MED/04, MED/04

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

9

Hours distribution

75 classroom hours, 75 others hours

Lecturers

Activity type

Formazione clinica interdisciplinare e medicina basata sulle evidenze

SSD

MED/03

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

1

Hours distribution

12.5 classroom hours

Lecturers

Activity type

Patologia generale e molecolare, immunopatologia, fisiopatologia generale, microbiologia e parassitologia, Tirocini formativi e di orientamento

SSD

MED/04, MED/04

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

8

Hours distribution

50 classroom hours, 100 others hours

Lecturers

MARIA PIA FELLI
SUSANNA SCARPA
AURELIA RUGHETTI
DIANA BELLAVIA
CLAUDIO TALORA
ILARIA GRAZIA ZIZZARI

Main teaching objectives:
Knowledge of the etiology and the pathogenetic mechanisms of human diseases, basic pathophysiological mechanisms of major organs and systems.
Interpretation of basic pathophysiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of human disease.
Ability to analyze the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of human diseases and interpret their results.
Knowledge of the pathogenetic basis of disease and pathophysiological processes as the essential substrate for subsequent clinical approach to human diseases.

By the end of the course, students will be expected to understand the pathogenesis of human diseases and be able to analyze and interpret the etiopathogenetic mechanisms and the pathophysiological mechanisms of fundamental pathologies in various clinical settings.

The knowledge of the contents of the following exams: Biology, Biochemistry and Physiology is required.

Etiology: Main concepts of health, pathologic process and disease; etiology, pathogenesis, evolution, resolution.
Pathology by physical and chemical agents. Biological agents of disease: bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins. Non-hereditary congenital disease. Teratogenesis.

Molecular Pathology: Molecular pathology of proteins. Hemoglobinopathies. Pathology by enzyme deficiencies. Molecular pathology of the plasma membrane: receptors, channels, transduction mechanisms. Molecular pathology of the components of the connective tissue. Molecular pathology of mitochondria.
Inflammation: The basics of inflammation, acute and chronic inflammation. Innate immunity and inflammation. Inflammation as a transcriptional program. Inflammatory cells. Chemical mediators of inflammation of cellular and plasma origins. Acute inflammation: the vascular phenomena of inflammation, the mechanisms of formation of exudate, the various types of exudative inflammation. Chronic inflammation: mechanisms of granuloma formation. Foreign-body granulomas. The main immunological granulomas. Systemic manifestations of inflammation: acute phase proteins, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and leukocytosis. Pathophysiology of thermoregulation and fever. Tissue repair and granulation tissue. Pathological aspects of wound healing: keloids, scars.
Pathology of cell structures: the cell's response to injury: cellular stress, cellular adaptations (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, metaplasia), intracellular storage diseases (steatosis, lysosomal diseases).
Molecular mechanisms of cellular damage. Cell death: necrosis and apoptosis. Renewal, regeneration and tissue repair. Growth factors. Aging.
Abnormalities of the extracellular matrix: Beta-fibrilloses. Localized and systemic fibrosis.
The diseases of collagen and other extracellular matrix components.
Oncology:
Cell and Tissue phenotypic changes: metaplasia, dysplasia, anaplasia and precancerous lesions.
Definition of cancer. Morphological and biochemical features of the neoplastic cell. Histogenetic classification of tumors. Clinical criteria for the classification of tumors: grading and staging.
Pathophysiology of replication and of cell differentiation and growth factors.
Physical, chemical, viral and hormonal carcinogenesis.
Stages of the neoplastic process: initiation, promotion and progression (invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis).
Oncogenes and their activation mechanisms. Tumor suppressor genes. Genomic instability. Hereditary tumors. Immunity, inflammation and cancer. Biological basis of target antineoplastic therapy.
General Pathophysiology:
Pathophysiology of metabolism (amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, lipids and lipid disorders).
Pathophysiology of the Endocrine System: classes of hormones and receptors, secretion and transport.
Pathophysiology of the thyroid gland: epithelial cells and parafollicular C cells, thyroid hormones, transporters iodine and TPO. Pathogenesis of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, papillary thyroid cancer, follicular, medullary and anaplastic (MTC).
Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus: endocrine pancreas, definitions and etiological classification: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other types of diabetes and gestational diabetes: Pathophysiology of complications of the diabetic patient.
The gut hormones: the incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP. Atherogenesis and atherosclerosis.
Pathophysiology of blood, blood-forming organs and hemostasis.

F. Mainiero R. Misasi M.Sorice Patologia generale e Fisiopatologia Generale (ultima edizione) Piccin
Robbins - Cotran - Kumar - Klatt - Aster - Abbas Le Basi Patologiche delle Malattie ( 2 Volumi ) EDRA 2021
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether Fisiopatologia ed elementi di patologia generale (Edizione 7), Edra
Kasper Gl, et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2018

Module: PATHOLOGY AND GENERAL PHYSIOPATHOLOGY I - GENERAL PATHOLOGY
N/D
Module: PATHOLOGY AND GENERAL PHYSIOPATHOLOGY I - MEDICAL GENETICS
N/D
Module: PATHOLOGY AND GENERAL PHYSIOPATHOLOGY II - GENERAL PATHOLOGY
N/D

All theoretic lessons will be taken in the classroom supported by Power Point.
Theoretic lessons will be reinforced by translational lessons with clinical setting.
Each teacher will hold a parallel mini-course on professional teaching, dividing the students into small groups.

67% of frequency of total lessons will be mandatory

A) Complete oral exam for all program of the I and II semesters
B) Separated oral exam of the I semester and successively oral exam of the second semester
C) Facoltative written test exclusively for Medical Genetics

Effects of ionizing radiation
Role of neutrophils in inflammation
Amyloidosis
Pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus
Thyroid disorders
Tumor invasion and metastasis
Pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaque
Thrombosis

Module: PATHOLOGY AND GENERAL PHYSIOPATHOLOGY I - GENERAL PATHOLOGY
N/D
Module: PATHOLOGY AND GENERAL PHYSIOPATHOLOGY I - MEDICAL GENETICS
N/D
Module: PATHOLOGY AND GENERAL PHYSIOPATHOLOGY II - GENERAL PATHOLOGY
N/D