IMMUNOLOGY Single channel

Chair (Coordinator) and Rapporteur: GABRIELLA PALMIERI

Learning outcomes

To understand the molecular and cellular basis of the immune response. To understand the fundamental mechanisms responsible for protection and for tissue damage, and to comprehend their specific role in the resistance against pathogens, the immune surveillance against tumors, and immune-mediated diseases. To be able to describe the main events and mechanisms that define the development of protective and pathological immune responses. To understand how research activity contributes to the evolution of knowledge in the immunology field.

Prerequisites

Competence in microbiology, biochemistry, genetics and cell biology, physiology, and anatomy is required.

Programme

General objectives of the course:
To understand the molecular and cellular basis of the immune response. To understand the fundamental mechanisms responsible for protection and for tissue damage, and to comprehend their specific role in the resistance against pathogens, the immune surveillance against tumors, and immune-mediated diseases. To be capable of describing the main events and mechanisms that define the development of protective and pathological immune responses.

Specific Objectives of the course:
Knowledge and understanding: passing the exam guarantees the understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of the immune response and the understanding of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for protection and for tissue damage.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: passing the exam guarantees the ability to comprehend the specific role of the mechanisms responsible for protection and for tissue damage in the resistance against pathogens, the immune surveillance against tumors, and immune-mediated diseases.
Autonomy of judgment: passing the exam implies the ability to critically judge and describe the main events and mechanisms that define the development of protective and pathological immune responses.
Communication skills: passing the exam implies the ability to effectively use the communication tools of publications and scientific communications.
Learning skills: passing the exam implies the transversal learning capacity common to the logic of scientific investigation in the biomedical field.

Course Subjects:
General aspects of the immune system: cellular and molecular participants to innate and adaptive immune responses.
Cytokines and their receptors.
Innate immunity: cellular and molecular components, cell differentiation, activation, effector functions, and their regulation.
The molecular basis of antigenicity, antigen receptors and the generation of diversity.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex and antigen presentation.
Maturation, activation and effector functions of B and T lymphocytes.
Biology of T cell subsets: helper (Th), cytotoxic (CTL), and regulatory (T reg).
Antibodies: molecular structure, effector functions, Fc receptors, the antigen/antibody reaction.
The complement cascade: activation pathways and regulation.
Natural Killer (NK) cells.
Hematopoiesis, lymphoid organs, leukocyte migration and trafficking.
Mucosal immunology.
Development and regulation of immune responses.
Immune responses against different classes of pathogens: viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, and mechanisms of pathogen evasion.
Principles of vaccination.
Immune responses against tumors and principles of immunotherapy.
Type I hypersensitivity reactions (allergies).
Type II hypersensitivity reactions and elements of immunohematology.
Type III and type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reactions.
Mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance; autoimmune diseases.
Transplantation immunology.
Primary and acquired immunodeficiencies.
The most common immunological techniques.

Books

1. IMMUNOLOGIA CELLULARE E MOLECOLARE 10° edizione (anche e-book) A.K. Abbas, A.H. Lichtman. Ed. EDRA (2022)
2. Janeway’s IMMUNOBIOLOGIA 9° edizione K. Murphy, P. Travers, M. Walport, Ed. Piccin (2019)

ADDITONAL READING:
Casi Studio di Immunologia Clinica - Un compendio clinico. R. Geha, L. Notarangelo, Ed. Piccin (2019)

Bibliography

Casi Studio di Immunologia Clinica - Un compendio clinico. R. Geha, L. Notarangelo, Ed. Piccin (2019)

Lessons mode

The course will mainly consist of lectures, with some exercises. The lessons aim to deepen the pivotal points of immunology and immunopathology. The exposition of scientific problems, of study techniques in biomedical research contributes to the autonomy of judgment, to the development of communication skills, to develop problem solving skills, and to develop learning skills.

Frequency

Compulsory attendance

Exam mode

Oral examination

Example exam questions

Activation and regulation of T lymphocyte functions

Arguments

  • Introduction
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Hemopoiesis
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • T cell mechanisms for antigen recognition
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • T cell differentiation a
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Antigen-dependent T cell activation
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • T cell effector functions and memory
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • B cell differentiation and activation
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Antibody response and immunoglobulin structure and functions
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Lymphoid organs and leukocyte traffic
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • The complement system
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Phagocytes
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • The inflammatory response
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Innate lymphoid cells
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • The anti-microbial functions of the immune system 
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Tolerance and autoimmunity
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Vaccines
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Type I, II, III, IV hypersensitivity mechanisms
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Transplant immunology
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Tumor immunology
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

  • Acquired immunodeficiencies
    • Books: as indicated in the TESTI section

Sustainability goals

  • Goal1
  • Goal3
  • Goal4
  • Academic year2026/2027
  • Degree program to which the course belongsMedicine and Surgery HT
  • Lesson code1019010
  • Year and semester3rd year - 1st semester
  • Activity typeAttività formative caratterizzanti
  • Academic areaPatologia generale e molecolare, immunopatologia, fisiopatologia generale, microbiologia e parassitologia
  • SSDMED/04
  • Mandatory presenceYes
  • Languageita
  • CFU6 CFU
  • Total duration78 hours
  • Hours distribution78 classroom hours