Dental School

Activity type

B_01. Discipline generali per la formazione dell'odontoiatra

SSD

M-PSI/01

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

CLELIA MATILDE ROSSI ARNAUD

Activity type

B_01. Discipline generali per la formazione dell'odontoiatra

SSD

MED/01

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

SIMONA IACOBELLI

Activity type

B_01. Discipline generali per la formazione dell'odontoiatra

SSD

MED/01

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

20 classroom hours

Lecturers

SIMONA IACOBELLI

Activity type

C_05 Inglese scientifico e abilità linguistiche, informatiche, tecnologie di informazione e comunicazione e discipline tecnico-scientifiche di supporto all'odontoiatria

SSD

INF/01

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

24 classroom hours

Lecturers

LUIGI CINQUE

Activity type

C_05 Inglese scientifico e abilità linguistiche, informatiche, tecnologie di informazione e comunicazione e discipline tecnico-scientifiche di supporto all'odontoiatria

SSD

INF/01

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

3

Hours distribution

36 classroom hours

Lecturers

LUIGI CINQUE

Activity type

Attività formative affini o integrative

SSD

MED/02

Year

N/D

Semester

N/D

CFU

2

Hours distribution

24 classroom hours

Lecturers

SILVIA MARINOZZI

At the end of the course the student should know the main methods of descriptive and inferential statistics; He must be able to make a collection, processing and analysis of biomedical data: must be aware of the usefulness of the application of statistical methodology for understanding the bio-medical phenomena, will understand the role of statistical methodology in the context of experimental research, and will be able to consult scientific literature.

Goals: the lessons are designed to provide the needed notions to understand the evolution of the medical science. In particular, the program aim to shed light on the relationship between medicine and society, stressing the development of the medical ethics in the history. That allows to shed light on the connection between the international reflections and regulations concerning the medical experimentation and practice after the Nuremberg Trial and the actual medical bioethics, by a comparison with the actual medicine and the modern concept of health and medical profession the health professions.

Students will be introduced to explanations of human behaviour. The course aims to provide a brief introduction to some of the elements of Psychology that underpin our everyday lives, with a specific focus on topics relevant for Odontology. Students at the end of the course will be acquainted with the most interesting experiments within the field of psychology, and will be familiar with the implications of those studies for our understanding of the human mind and human behavior, specificially those relevant for Odontology.

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
The aim of the course is to provide the Student with the basic elements to understand the statistical approach to the acquisition of evidence for decision-making purposes, and the tools to interpret the results of the most common data analyses.


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
To understand the content of the course it is sufficient to know basic mathematical elements (for example, proportion, the concept of function, first degree equations)



Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
_the lessons are designed to provide the needed notions to understand the evolution of the medical science. In particular, the program aim to shed light on the relationship between medicine and society in the history, by a comparison with the actual medicine and the modern concept of health and medical profession the health professions

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
No specific prerequisite


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
To understand the content of the course it is sufficient to know basic mathematical elements (for example, proportion, the concept of function, first degree equations)


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
To understand the content of the course it is sufficient to know basic mathematical elements (for example, proportion, the concept of function, first degree equations)


Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
In order to understand the subject of the teaching and to achieve the learning objectives, at the beginning of the didactic activities the student must possess the knowledge of Deontology and History

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
The following topics will be examined:
1. Why study Psychology at Odontology (2 hrs);
2. Improving study skills (2 hrs);
3. History of Psychology Research methods in Psychology (2 hrs);
4. Adaptiveness of behaviour: Genetic and evolutionary foundations of behaviour (2 hrs);
5. Adaptiveness of behaviour: Basic processes of learning (2 hrs);
6. Main theories on emotions (2 hrs);
7. Perception: main theories and phenomena (2 hrs);
8. Memory and consciousness; short-term, working memory, declarative and non-declarative memory. Cognitive decline (2 hrs);
9. Language and communication (2 hrs);
10. Intelligence, Thought and reasoning: Implications for the medical context (2 hrs);



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
Basic Statistics 1: description of a distribution
Introduction to Statistics in Medicine.
Type of variables. Frequency tables and graphs. Mode.
Quantitative variables, indexes: mean, median, standard deviation, variation coefficient.
Distribution in classes; density; histogram.
Quartiles, boxplot, percentiles.
Normal distribution.
Measuring the occurrence of events: introduction. Censored data. Prob, odds, survival and cumulative incidence curves.

Basic Statistics 2: description of associations
Comparing groups. Key concepts: statistical vs causal association.
Separate descriptions. Cross-tables.
Measures of effect on occurrence of events: RR, OR, HR .
Paired samples: descriptions. Other dependent data.
Diagnostic Tests.
Linear correlation and regression.



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS

Principles of frequentist Statistical Inference
Introduction and tools (distributions and quantiles' tables).
Illustration of repeated sampling: Central Limit Theorem for the Mean.
Point Estimation. Confidence Intervals.
Key elements and illustration of testing.
Testing using Confidence Intervals. Introductions on Nonparametric tests.

Applications of Inference
Inference on the mean and the proportion.
T-Test. Chi-Squared test.
Sample size for inference on means.
List of useful tests.

Multi-Variable models
Simple and Multiple Linear Model: interpretation and use.
More insight in MLM. Interactions.
Multi-Variable Models for studying events: Logistic / Poisson / Cox regression.
Introduction to random effects models.


Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
HISTORY OF MEDICINE
Evolutions and persistence in the Western medical thought.
Ontological notion of disease and the theurgic medicine in the Antiquity
The development of laic and rational medicine: Hippocrates by Cos
Medicus and chirurgus: the Roman medical specialties
The greek-roman tradition in the medieval culture: the hospitals in the Arab world; assistance and health-care in the Western world.
Universities and medical teaching: Vesalius and the development of the human anatomy in the XVI century
The “Science” revolution and the application of the experimental method of G. Galilei to the anatomo-physiology in the XVII century.
The influences of the Enlightenment thought on the development of the social role of medicine: hygiene and public health.
G.B. Morgagni and the development of the pathological anatomy; X. Bichat : histology and morbid anatomy; R. Virchow and the Cellular Pathology.
Hospitals and clinical medicine in the nineteenth century: T. Laennec and the exploration of the body; Experimental Medicine: C. Bernard and the new diagnostic reasoning, the concept of homeostasis; origins and development of the bacteriology and the microbiology: the antisepsis between Semmelweis and Lister; infectious diseases: L. Pasteur and the vaccination; the postulates of Henle and Koch;
Introduction to Bioethics: Historical Origins, principles and models of bioethics: the Nuremberg Code of 1947 to the "Belmont Report" of 1978, the Declaration of Helsinki and the informed consent; the Hippocratic Oath, professional deontological and medical ethics
Finally, the student must to know the history of the medical thought and be able to adopt the good medical practices

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
Reading material will be available on e learning.
Reading a few chapters in one of the following textbooks might be helpful anyway:
• Peter O. Gray, David F. Bjorklund, Psychology. 7th Edition, McMillan 2014
• Carlson, N. et al. Psychology. The Science of Behavior. Pearson, 2010.



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
• Bland M, Statistica Medica, Apogeo (English edition available)
• Triola MM, Triola MF, Giraudo MT. Fondamenti di statistica per le discipline biomediche, Pearson


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
• Bland M, Statistica Medica, Apogeo (English edition available)
• Triola MM, Triola MF, Giraudo MT. Fondamenti di statistica per le discipline biomediche, Pearson



Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
The teacher advises to deepen the theoretical topics of the lessons from the beginning of the course. For further information, the books are:
ANGELETTI L.R., GAZZANIGA V., Storia, filosofia ed etica generale della medicina. Milano, Masson, 2014
MARINOZZI S. (ed.), Medicina, eugenica e Shoah. Sapienza University Press, 2017

Gerrig R.J., Zimbardo P.G., Anolli L.M., Psicologia generale, Pearson Italia, Milano-Torino, 2012.

Le competenze relazionali in ambito sanitario. Per una formazione all'agire riflessivo di A. Cunti, F. Lo Presti, F. Sabatano ed. Carocci

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
N/D
Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
N/D

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
The teacher delivers lectures with audiovisual aids, according to a schedule of lectures which is reported on GOMP Aure/Orari system, published on the website of the Dental School.
Whether lectures will be via web or in person will depend on the development of the health emergency produced by Covid-19 Pandemic and communicated to students before the examination date through the teacher's notice board in the Catalogo dei Corsi di Studio di Sapienza Università di Roma web site.


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
Each topic of the course is preparatory to the following ones, therefore an active participation is recommended. The lessons alternate explanations and exercises useful for understanding the topic. In the last part of the course the exercises are intensified.



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
Each topic of the course is preparatory to the following ones, therefore an active participation is recommended. The lessons alternate explanations and exercises useful for understanding the topic. In the last part of the course the exercises are intensified.



Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
The teacher delivers lectures with traditional methods with audiovisual aids and scheduling of lessons as reported on GOMP Aure/Orari system, published on the website of the Dental School.
Discussing
Flipped classroom

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
Following paragraph 4.5 of the Regulations of the Dental School, the student is required to attend educational activities, formal, non-formal, vocational. The frequency is checked by the teachers through signature / updated lists provided by the Academic Office, as established by CCLMOPD. The certificate of mandatory attendance to the teaching course is required to the student to be admitted at the final test.


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
Attendance is both mandatory and highly recommended.



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
Attendance is both mandatory and highly recommended.



Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
Following paragraph 5 of the Educational Regulations of the Dental Hygiene Course, the student is required to attend the educational and professional training activities of the CLID. Attendance at frontal lessons for a number of hours equal to or greater than 67% of the hours assigned to the individual modules is required, in accordance with the relevant European legislation. Attendance is verified by teachers through signature/call sheets on updated lists provided by the Teaching Secretariat according to what is established by the CCLID, on indication of the Dean's Office. The certificate of attendance to the compulsory teaching activities of a teaching course is necessary for the student to take the relevant exam

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
Examination modality: written -Written test with multiple choice questions and short specific answers-

To pass the exam, obtaining a mark of at least 18/30 for each module is necessary. The student must prove to have acquired sufficient knowledge of the topics covered in class. To achieve a score of 30/30 cum laude, the student must instead demonstrate to have acquired an excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to link them logically and coherently.


Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
The assessment consists of a written test with multiple choice questions (with 1 and only 1 correct option). The number of questions is approximately 10.



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
The assessment consists of a written test with multiple choice questions (with 1 and only 1 correct option). The number of questions is approximately 10.



Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
To pass the exam the student must obtain a grade upper than 18/30 in each module. The student must demonstrate that he has acquired sufficient knowledge of the subjects of the course, a basic knowledge of the topics of the lessons and be able to apply the ethical principles of the medical practices
To achieve a score of 30/30 cum laude, the student must demonstrate that he has acquired excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to link them in a logical and consistent way

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS
8. What concept of behaviourism did Watson and Rayner try to prove with the experiment on Little Albert?
a) that conditioning involves uncertain cognition
b) that classical conditioning has an evolutionary component
c) that behaviourism alone cannot explain human behaviour
d) that even complex behaviours such as emotions are sensitive to classical conditioning.

9. When two variables are correlated, what prevents the conclusion that one is the cause and the other the effect?
a) The possibility of correlation with a third variable
b) The random allocation of participants to control groups
c) The presence of a false positive correlation
d) The impossibility of accurately measuring the strength of the correlation.

10. Which brain structure is most directly involved in the rapid assessment of the positive or negative nature of a stimulus?

a) The cortex
b) The hippocampus
c) The amygdala
d) The ventromedial hypothalamus




Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IS
Solved exercises and sample tests will be provided to students during the course.



Module: MEDICAL STATISTICS IIS
Solved exercises and sample tests will be provided to students during the course.



Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS
N/D
Module: COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IIS
N/D
Module: HISTORY OF MEDICINE IS
N/D

Module: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY IS

• Why study Psychology at Odontology
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Improving study skills
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• History of Psychology Research methods in Psychology 
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Adaptiveness of behaviour: Genetic and evolutionary foundations of behaviour
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Adaptiveness of behaviour: Basic processes of learning 
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Main theories on emotions
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Perception: main theories and phenomena
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Memory and consciousness; short-term, working memory, declarative and non-declarative memory. Cognitive decline 
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Language and communication
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform


• Intelligence, Thought and reasoning: Implications for the medical context
  • Books: Teaching materials made available on the E-LEARNING platform

• Introduction to Statistics
  in Medicine.
  
  Basic descriptive
  statistics, part one: describing a single variable


• Type of variables.
  Frequency tables and graphs. Mode
  
  Quantitative
  variables, indexes: mean, median, std.dev, variation coeff.
  
  Distribution in
  classes; density; histogram
  
  Quartiles, boxplot;
  percentiles. Distribution shapes
  • Books: Bland,
    
    chap 4 (chap 5)


• Normal distribution 
  • Books: Bland,
    
    chap 7


• Measuring event occurrence: introduction.
  Censored data. Prob, odds. Survival and cumulative incidence curves (intro)
  • Books: Bland, chap 16


• Basic descriptive
  statistics, part two: describing an association between 2 variables
  
  Key concepts:
  statistical vs causal association; confounding


• Comparing groups:
  Separate descriptions. Cross-tables
  
  Measures of effect
  on occurrence of events: RR, OR, HR
  
  Paired samples (Other
  dependent data)
  • Books: Bland,
    
    chap 13, 14


• Diagnostic Tests 
  • Books: Bland,
    
    chap 20


• Linear
  correlation and regression
  • Books: Bland,
    
    chap 11

• Principles of frequentist Statistical
  Inference.    
  
  Introduction and tools (distributions and
  quantiles' tables).
  
  Illustration of repeated sampling: Central Limit
  Theorem for the Mean.
  • Books: Bland, chap 8Triola, chap 4


• Point
  Estimation. Confidence Intervals.
  • Books: Bland, chap 8
    
    
    
    Triola, chap 4


• Key elements and illustration of testing.
  
  Testing using Confidence Intervals.
  Introductions on Nonparametric tests.
  • Books: Bland, chap 9
    
    
    
    Triola, chap 5


• Applications of Inference            
  
  Inference on the mean and the proportion.
  
  T-Test. Chi-Squared test.
  
  Sample size for inference on means (intro)
  
  List of useful tests.
  • Books: Bland, chap 10
    
    
    
    Triola, chap 6
    
    
    
    Bland, chap 12,13


• Simple
  Linear Model. Multiple LM (intro). Interpretation and use.
  • Books: Bland, cap 11, cap 15
    
    
    
    Triola, cap 7