Objectives
The aim of the integrated course is to give students the tools to be familiar with structure and function of the principal components of the cell; to understand the molecular basis of cellular functions; to be aware of how the alteration of cellular functions can bring about pathological states. Students will learn how the genetic information flows between DNA, RNA, and proteins and how traits are inherited from one generation to the other. Concepts of classical and molecular genetics will be taught.
Channels
NESSUNA CANALIZZAZIONE
ROSSELLA MAIONE Teacher profile
Programme
Contents (Biology and Genetics I and II)
Introduction to cellular biology: the diversity and similarity of living organisms. Biology and the scientific method, The Origin and Evolution of Cells. Cells as Experimental Models, Tools of Cell Biology. The Chemistry of Life. The Molecular Composition of Cells. Enzymes as Biological Catalysts. The Flow of Genetic Information. Nucleic acids, Chromatin and Chromosomes, DNA Replication, DNA Repair. RNA Synthesis and Processing: Transcription in Prokaryotes, Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and General Transcription Factors, Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes, RNA Processing and Turnover. Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation: Translation of mRNA, Protein Folding and Processing, Regulation of Protein Function, Protein Degradation. Cell Structures and Function. The Cell Surface: Structure of the Plasma Membrane, Transport of Small Molecules. Extracellular matrix and cell junctions Protein Sorting and Transport - The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes. The mechanism of Vesicular Transport (). Cytoskeleton andcell motility. Nucleus: The Nuclear Envelope, Traffic between the Nucleus and Cytoplasm, the Nucleolus. Bioenergetics and Metabolism - Mitochondria, The Mechanism of Oxidative Phosphorylation. Brief overview of photosynthesis. Peroxisomes. Cell regulation. Cell Signaling: Signaling Molecules and Their Receptors, Functions of Cell Surface Receptors, Pathways of Intracellular Signal Transduction, Regulation of Programmed Cell Death. The Cell Cycle: The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Regulators of Cell Cycle Progression, Mitosis. Cancer: The Development and Causes of Cancer, Tumor Viruses, Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene expressions; Molecular basis of development and differentiation. Genetics of immunoglobulins. The tools of genetic analysis. The subjects of genetics: viruses, cells, organisms, populations. The Darwin theory. Mechanisms of reproduction and heredity. Genes and chromosomes, alleles and homologous chromosomes. Genotype and phenotype: gene-protein-character relationship. Homozygotes and heterozygotes. Dominance and recessivity. Meiosis and genetic variability. Inheritance of autosomic and sex-related traits. Inheritance of independent and associated genes. Inheritance of multifactorial characters. Gene interaction (epistasis, penetrance and expressivity). Mechanisms of crossing-over. Methods for gene localization. Gene mapping in eukaryotes; human karyotype. Biotechnological approaches; bioengineering and genomics. The human genome. Mutations of genes and chromosomes. Population genetics and Hardy & Weinberg equilibrium. Molecular evolution.
Adopted texts
Molecular and cellular Biology:
- Becker– Il mondo della cellula Ottava edizione – Pearson
- E. Ginelli, M. Malcovati – Molecole, Cellule e Organismi – EdiSES
- G. Karp - Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare – EdiSES
- B. Alberts, D. Bray, Al. Johnson, J. Lewis, M. Raff, K. Roberts, P.Walter - L’essenziale di Biologia Molecolare della cellula –
Zanichelli;
Genetics:
-P. J. Russell – Genetica, Un approccio molecolare – Pearson 2014
-D. P. Snustad, M. J. Simmons - Principi di Genetica – EdiSES 2014
-Anthony Jf Griffiths, Susan R Wessler, Sean B Carroll, John Doebley- Genetica Principi di analisi formale-Zanichelli VII 2013
Prerequisites
basic knowledge of chemistry and biochemistry
Exam modes
final written and oral examination
CARLA CICCHINI Teacher profile
Programme
Contents (Biology and Genetics I and II)
Introduction to cellular biology: the diversity and similarity of living organisms. Biology and the scientific method, The Origin and Evolution of Cells. Cells as Experimental Models, Tools of Cell Biology. The Chemistry of Life. The Molecular Composition of Cells. Enzymes as Biological Catalysts. The Flow of Genetic Information. Nucleic acids, Chromatin and Chromosomes, DNA Replication, DNA Repair. RNA Synthesis and Processing: Transcription in Prokaryotes, Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and General Transcription Factors, Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes, RNA Processing and Turnover. Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation: Translation of mRNA, Protein Folding and Processing, Regulation of Protein Function, Protein Degradation. Cell Structures and Function. The Cell Surface: Structure of the Plasma Membrane, Transport of Small Molecules. Extracellular matrix and cell junctions Protein Sorting and Transport - The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes. The mechanism of Vesicular Transport (). Cytoskeleton andcell motility. Nucleus: The Nuclear Envelope, Traffic between the Nucleus and Cytoplasm, the Nucleolus. Bioenergetics and Metabolism - Mitochondria, The Mechanism of Oxidative Phosphorylation. Brief overview of photosynthesis. Peroxisomes. Cell regulation. Cell Signaling: Signaling Molecules and Their Receptors, Functions of Cell Surface Receptors, Pathways of Intracellular Signal Transduction, Regulation of Programmed Cell Death. The Cell Cycle: The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Regulators of Cell Cycle Progression, Mitosis. Cancer: The Development and Causes of Cancer, Tumor Viruses, Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene expressions; Molecular basis of development and differentiation. Genetics of immunoglobulins. The tools of genetic analysis. The subjects of genetics: viruses, cells, organisms, populations. The Darwin theory. Mechanisms of reproduction and heredity. Genes and chromosomes, alleles and homologous chromosomes. Genotype and phenotype: gene-protein-character relationship. Homozygotes and heterozygotes. Dominance and recessivity. Meiosis and genetic variability. Inheritance of autosomic and sex-related traits. Inheritance of independent and associated genes. Inheritance of multifactorial characters. Gene interaction (epistasis, penetrance and expressivity). Mechanisms of crossing-over. Methods for gene localization. Gene mapping in eukaryotes; human karyotype. Biotechnological approaches; bioengineering and genomics. The human genome. Mutations of genes and chromosomes. Population genetics and Hardy & Weinberg equilibrium. Molecular evolution.
Adopted texts
Molecular and cellular Biology:
- Becker– Il mondo della cellula Ottava edizione – Pearson
- E. Ginelli, M. Malcovati – Molecole, Cellule e Organismi – EdiSES
- G. Karp - Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare – EdiSES
- B. Alberts, D. Bray, Al. Johnson, J. Lewis, M. Raff, K. Roberts, P.Walter - L’essenziale di Biologia Molecolare della cellula –
Zanichelli;
Genetics:
-P. J. Russell – Genetica, Un approccio molecolare – Pearson 2014
-D. P. Snustad, M. J. Simmons - Principi di Genetica – EdiSES 2014
-Anthony Jf Griffiths, Susan R Wessler, Sean B Carroll, John Doebley- Genetica Principi di analisi formale-Zanichelli VII 2013
Prerequisites
knowledge of chemistry and biochemistry.
Exam modes
final written and oral examination
Exam reservation date start | Exam reservation date end | Exam date |
---|---|---|
15/05/2019 | 31/05/2019 | 05/06/2019 |
07/06/2019 | 19/06/2019 | 24/06/2019 |
28/06/2019 | 12/07/2019 | 17/07/2019 |
15/08/2019 | 04/09/2019 | 11/09/2019 |
15/09/2019 | 21/09/2019 | 25/09/2019 |
31/12/2019 | 11/01/2020 | 15/01/2020 |
- Academic year: 2018/2019
- Curriculum: Curriculum unico
- Year: First year
- Semester: First semester
- Parent course:
1025583 - BIOLOGY AND GENETICS - SSD: BIO/13
- CFU: 5
- Attività formative di base
- Ambito disciplinare: Discipline generali per la formazione del medico
- Lecture (Hours): 60
- CFU: 5.00
- SSD: BIO/13