Objectives

The aim of the integrated course is to give students the tools to be familiar with structure and function of the principal components of the cell; to understand the molecular basis of cellular functions; to be aware of how the alteration of cellular functions can bring about pathological states. Students will learn how the genetic information flows between DNA, RNA, and proteins and how traits are inherited from one generation to the other. Concepts of classical and molecular genetics will be taught.

Channels

NESSUNA CANALIZZAZIONE

ROSSELLA MAIONE ROSSELLA MAIONE   Teacher profile

Programme

Contents (Biology and Genetics I and II)
Introduction to cellular biology: the diversity and similarity of living organisms. Biology and the scientific method, The Origin and Evolution of Cells. Cells as Experimental Models, Tools of Cell Biology. The Chemistry of Life. The Molecular Composition of Cells. Enzymes as Biological Catalysts. The Flow of Genetic Information. Nucleic acids, Chromatin and Chromosomes, DNA Replication, DNA Repair. RNA Synthesis and Processing: Transcription in Prokaryotes, Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and General Transcription Factors, Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes, RNA Processing and Turnover. Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation: Translation of mRNA, Protein Folding and Processing, Regulation of Protein Function, Protein Degradation. Cell Structures and Function. The Cell Surface: Structure of the Plasma Membrane, Transport of Small Molecules. Extracellular matrix and cell junctions Protein Sorting and Transport - The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes. The mechanism of Vesicular Transport (). Cytoskeleton andcell motility. Nucleus: The Nuclear Envelope, Traffic between the Nucleus and Cytoplasm, the Nucleolus. Bioenergetics and Metabolism - Mitochondria, The Mechanism of Oxidative Phosphorylation. Brief overview of photosynthesis. Peroxisomes. Cell regulation. Cell Signaling: Signaling Molecules and Their Receptors, Functions of Cell Surface Receptors, Pathways of Intracellular Signal Transduction, Regulation of Programmed Cell Death. The Cell Cycle: The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Regulators of Cell Cycle Progression, Mitosis. Cancer: The Development and Causes of Cancer, Tumor Viruses, Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene expressions; Molecular basis of development and differentiation. Genetics of immunoglobulins. The tools of genetic analysis. The subjects of genetics: viruses, cells, organisms, populations. The Darwin theory. Mechanisms of reproduction and heredity. Genes and chromosomes, alleles and homologous chromosomes. Genotype and phenotype: gene-protein-character relationship. Homozygotes and heterozygotes. Dominance and recessivity. Meiosis and genetic variability. Inheritance of autosomic and sex-related traits. Inheritance of independent and associated genes. Inheritance of multifactorial characters. Gene interaction (epistasis, penetrance and expressivity). Mechanisms of crossing-over. Methods for gene localization. Gene mapping in eukaryotes; human karyotype. Biotechnological approaches; bioengineering and genomics. The human genome. Mutations of genes and chromosomes. Population genetics and Hardy & Weinberg equilibrium. Molecular evolution.

Adopted texts

Molecular and cellular Biology:
- Becker– Il mondo della cellula Ottava edizione – Pearson
- E. Ginelli, M. Malcovati – Molecole, Cellule e Organismi – EdiSES
- G. Karp - Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare – EdiSES
- B. Alberts, D. Bray, Al. Johnson, J. Lewis, M. Raff, K. Roberts, P.Walter - L’essenziale di Biologia Molecolare della cellula –
Zanichelli;
Genetics:
-P. J. Russell – Genetica, Un approccio molecolare – Pearson 2014
-D. P. Snustad, M. J. Simmons - Principi di Genetica – EdiSES 2014
-Anthony Jf Griffiths, Susan R Wessler, Sean B Carroll, John Doebley- Genetica Principi di analisi formale-Zanichelli VII 2013

Prerequisites

basic knowledge of chemistry and biochemistry

Exam modes

final written and oral examination

CARLA CICCHINI CARLA CICCHINI   Teacher profile

Programme

Contents (Biology and Genetics I and II)
Introduction to cellular biology: the diversity and similarity of living organisms. Biology and the scientific method, The Origin and Evolution of Cells. Cells as Experimental Models, Tools of Cell Biology. The Chemistry of Life. The Molecular Composition of Cells. Enzymes as Biological Catalysts. The Flow of Genetic Information. Nucleic acids, Chromatin and Chromosomes, DNA Replication, DNA Repair. RNA Synthesis and Processing: Transcription in Prokaryotes, Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and General Transcription Factors, Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes, RNA Processing and Turnover. Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation: Translation of mRNA, Protein Folding and Processing, Regulation of Protein Function, Protein Degradation. Cell Structures and Function. The Cell Surface: Structure of the Plasma Membrane, Transport of Small Molecules. Extracellular matrix and cell junctions Protein Sorting and Transport - The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes. The mechanism of Vesicular Transport (). Cytoskeleton andcell motility. Nucleus: The Nuclear Envelope, Traffic between the Nucleus and Cytoplasm, the Nucleolus. Bioenergetics and Metabolism - Mitochondria, The Mechanism of Oxidative Phosphorylation. Brief overview of photosynthesis. Peroxisomes. Cell regulation. Cell Signaling: Signaling Molecules and Their Receptors, Functions of Cell Surface Receptors, Pathways of Intracellular Signal Transduction, Regulation of Programmed Cell Death. The Cell Cycle: The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Regulators of Cell Cycle Progression, Mitosis. Cancer: The Development and Causes of Cancer, Tumor Viruses, Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene expressions; Molecular basis of development and differentiation. Genetics of immunoglobulins. The tools of genetic analysis. The subjects of genetics: viruses, cells, organisms, populations. The Darwin theory. Mechanisms of reproduction and heredity. Genes and chromosomes, alleles and homologous chromosomes. Genotype and phenotype: gene-protein-character relationship. Homozygotes and heterozygotes. Dominance and recessivity. Meiosis and genetic variability. Inheritance of autosomic and sex-related traits. Inheritance of independent and associated genes. Inheritance of multifactorial characters. Gene interaction (epistasis, penetrance and expressivity). Mechanisms of crossing-over. Methods for gene localization. Gene mapping in eukaryotes; human karyotype. Biotechnological approaches; bioengineering and genomics. The human genome. Mutations of genes and chromosomes. Population genetics and Hardy & Weinberg equilibrium. Molecular evolution.

Adopted texts

Molecular and cellular Biology:
- Becker– Il mondo della cellula Ottava edizione – Pearson
- E. Ginelli, M. Malcovati – Molecole, Cellule e Organismi – EdiSES
- G. Karp - Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare – EdiSES
- B. Alberts, D. Bray, Al. Johnson, J. Lewis, M. Raff, K. Roberts, P.Walter - L’essenziale di Biologia Molecolare della cellula –
Zanichelli;
Genetics:
-P. J. Russell – Genetica, Un approccio molecolare – Pearson 2014
-D. P. Snustad, M. J. Simmons - Principi di Genetica – EdiSES 2014
-Anthony Jf Griffiths, Susan R Wessler, Sean B Carroll, John Doebley- Genetica Principi di analisi formale-Zanichelli VII 2013

Prerequisites

knowledge of chemistry and biochemistry.

Exam modes

final written and oral examination

Exam reservation date start Exam reservation date end Exam date
15/05/2019 31/05/2019 05/06/2019
07/06/2019 19/06/2019 24/06/2019
28/06/2019 12/07/2019 17/07/2019
15/08/2019 04/09/2019 11/09/2019
15/09/2019 21/09/2019 25/09/2019
31/12/2019 11/01/2020 15/01/2020
Course sheet
  • Academic year: 2018/2019
  • Curriculum: Curriculum unico
  • Year: First year
  • Semester: First semester
  • Parent course:
    1025583 - BIOLOGY AND GENETICS
  • SSD: BIO/13
  • CFU: 5
Activities
  • Attività formative di base
  • Ambito disciplinare: Discipline generali per la formazione del medico
  • Lecture (Hours): 60
  • CFU: 5.00
  • SSD: BIO/13