Occupational therapy

INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY Laboratory tests; biological samples for analysis; purpose of laboratory tests. METABOLIC PROFILES OF DIFFERENT ORGANS AND TISSUES Metabolic profiles: brain, heart, liver, muscle, adipose tissue, kidneys Major metabolic interactions between different tissues in response to different physiological conditions (nutritional status; stress). Role of the liver as a fuel supplier to major tissues. Interactions between liver and skeletal muscle: Cori cycle and alanine-glucose cycle. Role of hormones in tissue and organ interactions. DIABETES MELLITUS Carbohydrate properties and metabolism. Hormonal regulation of glucose metabolism: insulin and islet cell hormones. Formation of ketone bodies and their physiological importance. Definition and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diagnostic criteria. Clinical presentation, history, etiopathogenesis, and pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Laboratory testing in diabetes. Main laboratory tests in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients (monitoring of the disease and treatment): fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin dosage, C-peptide dosage, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Laboratory tests in acute complications: diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); hyperglycemic syndrome, hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome. Laboratory tests in chronic complications: lipid profile and microalbuminuria LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEIN DISORDERS Lipid properties and metabolism: digestion, absorption, transport, storage. Plasma lipoproteins: classification, composition, synthesis, and metabolism. Role of apoproteins. Lipoprotein receptors. Lipoprotein electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. Dyslipidemias: definition and classification. Laboratory assessment of lipid metabolism disorders (diagnosis of dyslipidemias and monitoring of lipid-lowering treatment). Level I tests: determination of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides; reference values ​​for lipids. CARDIOVASCULAR RISK Atherosclerosis: plaque formation - role of LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Non-lipid cardiovascular risk factors associated with coronary heart disease. Patient overall risk and therapeutic goals for lowering LDL cholesterol in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

M. Ciaccio, "Elementi di Biochimica Clinica e Medicina di Laboratorio", (EdiSES)

INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY Laboratory tests; biological samples for analysis; purpose of laboratory tests. METABOLIC PROFILES OF DIFFERENT ORGANS AND TISSUES Metabolic profiles: brain, heart, liver, muscle, adipose tissue, kidneys Major metabolic interactions between different tissues in response to different physiological conditions (nutritional status; stress). Role of the liver as a fuel supplier to major tissues. Interactions between liver and skeletal muscle: Cori cycle and alanine-glucose cycle. Role of hormones in tissue and organ interactions. DIABETES MELLITUS Carbohydrate properties and metabolism. Hormonal regulation of glucose metabolism: insulin and islet cell hormones. Formation of ketone bodies and their physiological importance. Definition and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diagnostic criteria. Clinical presentation, history, etiopathogenesis, and pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Laboratory testing in diabetes. Main laboratory tests in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients (monitoring of the disease and treatment): fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin dosage, C-peptide dosage, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Laboratory tests in acute complications: diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); hyperglycemic syndrome, hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome. Laboratory tests in chronic complications: lipid profile and microalbuminuria LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEIN DISORDERS Lipid properties and metabolism: digestion, absorption, transport, storage. Plasma lipoproteins: classification, composition, synthesis, and metabolism. Role of apoproteins. Lipoprotein receptors. Lipoprotein electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. Dyslipidemias: definition and classification. Laboratory assessment of lipid metabolism disorders (diagnosis of dyslipidemias and monitoring of lipid-lowering treatment). Level I tests: determination of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides; reference values ​​for lipids. CARDIOVASCULAR RISK Atherosclerosis: plaque formation - role of LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Non-lipid cardiovascular risk factors associated with coronary heart disease. Patient overall risk and therapeutic goals for lowering LDL cholesterol in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

M. Ciaccio, "Elementi di Biochimica Clinica e Medicina di Laboratorio", (EdiSES)