| 10612252 | RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY [CHIM/03] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The Chemistry of Radiopharmaceuticals course aims to teach the student the various types of radiopharmaceuticals most commonly used in the field of nuclear medicine for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The further aim of the course includes teaching the various methods of synthesis of a radionuclide, the creation of a radiopharmaceutical through different labeling processes, learning the mechanism of bio-distribution and localization of the radiopharmaceutical in the body, the techniques used for the detection of the radiations emitted during the various radioactive decays, the interactions between radiations and organic molecules and a general knowledge of the legislative landscape linked to the commercial distribution of radiopharmaceuticals. Finally, a further objective involves the description and use of latest generation radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of various pathologies.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will be aware of all the aspects described above regarding the production (synthesis and labeling methods) of the main radiopharmaceuticals used for the osteoarticular system, for the pulmonary system, for the gastrointestinal system, for the urinary system and for the central nervous system.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the student will have knowledge of the importance of using a radiopharmaceutical in nuclear medicine. You will be able to recognize the mechanisms that link the detection system of a radiation emitted by a radiopharmaceutical with the identification of an ongoing pathological process either of inflammatory origin or inherent to the presence of a tumor form. You will be able to discriminate between the radiopharmaceuticals on the market, those to be used for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. You will know the benefits and possible risks of using a radiopharmaceutical.
3. Making judgements
The lessons will all be frontal and interactive, during which the students will be stimulated to make connections with the various parts of the program carried out and with the notions previously acquired in the course of other teachings of the previous years. This in order to collectively involve the class in an active and critical way throughout the duration of the course.
4. Communication skills
The assessment of the student's learned notions will be carried out through a written test and possibly an oral test which will focus on all the topics of the program, testing the student's communication skills with respect to what she has learned.
5. Learning skills
The student will be able to independently continue the study of the subject thanks to a series of handouts provided by the teacher and recommended textbooks for further study. This will allow the student to always have the material available on which to review the topics covered.
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| 10612264 | INNOVATIVE AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL DRUGS WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY [BIO/10, CHIM/08] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course in INNOVATIVE AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL DRUGS WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY aims to initiate the student, in a multidisciplinary study, in the approach to very recent and current science, which has made great strides in the last twenty years in various areas of research: epigenetics. Brief topics in genetics, biology, biochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology will be covered as indispensable notions for study, although the main thrust of the course should be chemical-pharmaceutical, i.e., the validation of various epigenetic targets for various diseases, foremost among them cancer, and the rational design and latest methods of identifying compounds that interfere with or modulate these targets. Advanced molecular biology and biochemistry techniques for the production of biotechnological drugs will be specifically illustrated.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will be familiar with all chemical-pharmaceutical aspects of epigenetic ligands with special emphasis on those that are approved or in late-stage clinical trials. Fundamental notions will cover catalytic mechanisms and biological implications of targets involved in disease development. In the section on biotech drugs with antitumor activity, she/he will be introduced to the use of advanced techniques for biotech drug discovery and production.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will know how to recognize, when possible, known pharmacophoric patterns useful for designing new ligands for a particular epigenetic target. She/he will know the most relevant structure-activity relationships relative to these compounds, and which points on the drug can be chemically altered and/or which cannot be altered on pain of loss of biological activity. She/he will know the effects of these compounds on altered signalling pathways leading to disease, with reference to apoptotic, necrotic, and autophagic pathways. She/he will know the most important and widespread therapeutic problems and available therapeutic solutions in the context of epigenetic therapy. The application of advanced biotechnology techniques will enable the student to understand the importance of the evolution of personalized and target-specific anticancer therapies.
3. Making judgements
The lectures will be all interactive, in which the lecturer will ask students continuous questions to stimulate them and develop their critical sense. These questions will also serve to evaluate and prompt students to make connections with all that they have studied so far, avoiding considering the study of the subject an end in itself but integrating medicinal chemistry in the light of the knowledge they have already acquired, both chemical (organic chemistry, biochemistry) and biological (pathology, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, toxicology).
4. Communication skills
Evaluation of the student's study will be carried out solely by an oral test, which will cover the topics of the program, testing the student's ability to communicate what he or she has learned. Much appreciated in recent years by the students is the PowerPoint mode, in which the lecturer assigns them a scientific paper in epigenetics and they have to prepare and describe in a ppt presentation the assumptions, rationale and results of the same, also with a critical judgment on the work of the authors and the construction/conduct of the paper. A further question will concern the part of biotechnological drugs.
5. Learning skills
The student will find the in-depth study of what was heard in class on scientific reviews suggested by the teachers.
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| INNOVATIVE DRUGS WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY [BIO/10] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course in INNOVATIVE AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL DRUGS WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY aims to initiate the student, in a multidisciplinary study, in the approach to very recent and current science, which has made great strides in the last twenty years in various areas of research: epigenetics. Brief topics in genetics, biology, biochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology will be covered as indispensable notions for study, although the main thrust of the course should be chemical-pharmaceutical, i.e., the validation of various epigenetic targets for various diseases, foremost among them cancer, and the rational design and latest methods of identifying compounds that interfere with or modulate these targets. Advanced molecular biology and biochemistry techniques for the production of biotechnological drugs will be specifically illustrated.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will be familiar with all chemical-pharmaceutical aspects of epigenetic ligands with special emphasis on those that are approved or in late-stage clinical trials. Fundamental notions will cover catalytic mechanisms and biological implications of targets involved in disease development. In the section on biotech drugs with antitumor activity, she/he will be introduced to the use of advanced techniques for biotech drug discovery and production.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will know how to recognize, when possible, known pharmacophoric patterns useful for designing new ligands for a particular epigenetic target. She/he will know the most relevant structure-activity relationships relative to these compounds, and which points on the drug can be chemically altered and/or which cannot be altered on pain of loss of biological activity. She/he will know the effects of these compounds on altered signalling pathways leading to disease, with reference to apoptotic, necrotic, and autophagic pathways. She/he will know the most important and widespread therapeutic problems and available therapeutic solutions in the context of epigenetic therapy. The application of advanced biotechnology techniques will enable the student to understand the importance of the evolution of personalized and target-specific anticancer therapies.
3. Making judgements
The lectures will be all interactive, in which the lecturer will ask students continuous questions to stimulate them and develop their critical sense. These questions will also serve to evaluate and prompt students to make connections with all that they have studied so far, avoiding considering the study of the subject an end in itself but integrating medicinal chemistry in the light of the knowledge they have already acquired, both chemical (organic chemistry, biochemistry) and biological (pathology, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, toxicology).
4. Communication skills
Evaluation of the student's study will be carried out solely by an oral test, which will cover the topics of the program, testing the student's ability to communicate what he or she has learned. Much appreciated in recent years by the students is the PowerPoint mode, in which the lecturer assigns them a scientific paper in epigenetics and they have to prepare and describe in a ppt presentation the assumptions, rationale and results of the same, also with a critical judgment on the work of the authors and the construction/conduct of the paper. A further question will concern the part of biotechnological drugs.
5. Learning skills
The student will find the in-depth study of what was heard in class on scientific reviews suggested by the teachers.
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| BIOTECHNOLOGICAL DRUGS WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY [CHIM/08] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course in INNOVATIVE AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL DRUGS WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY aims to initiate the student, in a multidisciplinary study, in the approach to very recent and current science, which has made great strides in the last twenty years in various areas of research: epigenetics. Brief topics in genetics, biology, biochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology will be covered as indispensable notions for study, although the main thrust of the course should be chemical-pharmaceutical, i.e., the validation of various epigenetic targets for various diseases, foremost among them cancer, and the rational design and latest methods of identifying compounds that interfere with or modulate these targets. Advanced molecular biology and biochemistry techniques for the production of biotechnological drugs will be specifically illustrated.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will be familiar with all chemical-pharmaceutical aspects of epigenetic ligands with special emphasis on those that are approved or in late-stage clinical trials. Fundamental notions will cover catalytic mechanisms and biological implications of targets involved in disease development. In the section on biotech drugs with antitumor activity, she/he will be introduced to the use of advanced techniques for biotech drug discovery and production.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will know how to recognize, when possible, known pharmacophoric patterns useful for designing new ligands for a particular epigenetic target. She/he will know the most relevant structure-activity relationships relative to these compounds, and which points on the drug can be chemically altered and/or which cannot be altered on pain of loss of biological activity. She/he will know the effects of these compounds on altered signalling pathways leading to disease, with reference to apoptotic, necrotic, and autophagic pathways. She/he will know the most important and widespread therapeutic problems and available therapeutic solutions in the context of epigenetic therapy. The application of advanced biotechnology techniques will enable the student to understand the importance of the evolution of personalized and target-specific anticancer therapies.
3. Making judgements
The lectures will be all interactive, in which the lecturer will ask students continuous questions to stimulate them and develop their critical sense. These questions will also serve to evaluate and prompt students to make connections with all that they have studied so far, avoiding considering the study of the subject an end in itself but integrating medicinal chemistry in the light of the knowledge they have already acquired, both chemical (organic chemistry, biochemistry) and biological (pathology, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, toxicology).
4. Communication skills
Evaluation of the student's study will be carried out solely by an oral test, which will cover the topics of the program, testing the student's ability to communicate what he or she has learned. Much appreciated in recent years by the students is the PowerPoint mode, in which the lecturer assigns them a scientific paper in epigenetics and they have to prepare and describe in a ppt presentation the assumptions, rationale and results of the same, also with a critical judgment on the work of the authors and the construction/conduct of the paper. A further question will concern the part of biotechnological drugs.
5. Learning skills
The student will find the in-depth study of what was heard in class on scientific reviews suggested by the teachers.
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| 10612248 | ANALYSIS OF DRUGS AND DRUG METABOLITES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS [CHIM/08] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The aim of the teaching Analisi dei farmaci e dei metaboliti nei fluidi biologici is to ensure knowledge of the main aspects of the methods that can be used for the qualitative-quantitative analysis and pharmacological characterization of drugs and their metabolites, both in biological fluids and in “in vitro” model systems, from sample selection operations to processing, interpretation and transmission of results.
Specific expected learning outcomes
In this teaching, the students will have to acquire the following detailed skills according to Dublin descriptors:
1. Knowledge and understanding
Students acquire ability to discriminate the specific purposes of the different types of analytical investigations in biological fluids. Knowledge of the characteristics, differences and specificity of the various biological matrices. Definition of criteria for the correct selection, design, validation and application of complete analytical procedures for the identification and quantitative determination of drugs and their metabolites in biological matrices.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
The student will acquire the ability to correctly frame an analytical problem, with particular regard to the research of drugs and metabolites in biological fluids of different kind and nature, and the ability to find information from the study of the reference scientific bibliography.
3. Making judgements
One of the fundamental objectives of teaching is constituted by critical learning. It is pursued systematically through the continuous interaction between teacher and students.
4. Communication skills
Students acquire the ability to communicate knowledge, problems and solutions related to the analysis of drugs and metabolites in biological fluids. They are also able to expose assessments and motivations in a clear and understandable way to specialists and non-specialists.
5. Learning skills
The student will be able to independently learn all the analytical techniques thanks to the availability of texts and handouts and also thanks to the consultation of scientific articles related to the topics of the course, which are published in indexed international scientific journals.
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| 10612249 | BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS [BIO/10] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The aim of the Biochemical and Biotechnological Applications course is to allow the student an in-depth knowledge of biochemical and biotechnological techniques from both a theoretical and practical perspective. The final aim is to prepare him/her to make use of these techniques to develop, in a creative and inventive way, new investigation strategies as well as new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to pathologies.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will gain up-to-date knowledge in the field of Biotechnological Techniques (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) and relevant research application. In particular, he/she will deepen his/her knowledge of macromolecules separation and detection techniques (e.g. Southern, Northern and Western blotting; Immuno-precipitation; Microarrays; Biosensors); genetic manipulation techniques (e.g. Cloning and Expression vectors in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; Mutagenesis; PCR and Real-Time PCR) and relevant applications in research, diagnostics and therapy. For these techniques, he/she will study both the theoretical background and the procedural approach /experimental design applied to an in vitro or in vivo experiment . He/She will also study the recent applications of Biotechnology in different research fields, such as design and production of: recombinant vaccines; humanized antibodies: anticancer drugs; use of enzymes in diagnostics and molecular therapy; genetically modified organisms (GMOs); RNA and SiRNA interfering techniques; Genome Editing via Crispr/CAS system).
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
The student will be able to approach the research in the biochemical/pharmacological field using the latest biotechnology methodologies. He/she will be able to identify the most appropriate and profitable research strategy to best address the design of novel diagnostic methods or new-generation therapeutic approaches, or to improve existing therapies. He/she will be able to spot critical points as well as those that can be implemented. Altogether, He/she will know the most advanced therapeutic strategies and solutions deriving from the application and use of biotechnological techniques to the treatment of specific pathologies.
3. Making judgements
The course will consist of interactive lessons held in a classroom. The teacher will explain the general concepts and emphasize important points using an interactive approach based on class discussion and questions aimed at developing a problem-solving attitude, both during the lecture and homework. Students will also be invited to ask questions and analyse the topic under discussion so to acquire/perfect their proactive and critical attitude also using skills and knowledge acquired during previous courses.
4. Communication skills
The exam includes an oral interview and a power point presentation with a dissertation examining one or more topics of the course program, with specific focus on Biotechnologies. This kind of exam will allow evaluating the student's communication skills in relation to what he/she learned during the course.
5. Learning skills
The student will be able to deepen the topics covered during the course by use of the recommended texts. These textbooks will remain as a future reference for the student. The student will also develop the learning ability that will allow He/She to update his/her knowledge through the consultation of updated scientific bibliography.
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| 10612246 | PRECISION ONCOLOGY [MED/46] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course is aimed to provide knowledge concerning the main molecular mechanisms implied in the pathogenesis of cancer, in order to give the theoretical basis for the development of new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic procedures in oncology.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
During the course the student will acquire knowledge about causes and pathogenic mechanisms of cancer, specifically referring to genetic and epigenetic alterations, altered pathways in cancer, therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer therapy. This knowledge will be applied in the development of new targeted therapies in cancer. A further objective of the course is to equip the figure of the graduate in CTF with the basic theoretical tools for the understanding of clinical trials in oncology, of the research methodology, of the national legislation that governs its management .
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
The knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer progression will make the student:
-able to link the alterations at the molecular level with the identification of new therapeutic targets
- possessing the appropriate skills to carry out both activities within the NHS's local pharmaceutical services and research activities;
- capable of independent judgment with reference to the evaluation, interpretation and reprocessing of literature data;
- able to elaborate in a critical and autonomous way original ideas in a biomedical research context;
- able to communicate the acquired information to specialists and non-specialists in the field of oncology.
3. Making judgements
The student will be able to independently collect and interpret data derived from scientific studies in oncology by reading scientific articles in English as well as to communicate information and knowledge to specialists in the field of oncology. The student will also be able to critically and autonomously elaborate original ideas in a clinical research context and to interpret and formulate judgments on current clinical trials in oncology.
4. Communication skills
The modality of interactive lessons with seminars held by specialists in oncology (from diagnostics to therapy) will allow students to stimulate their critical and communicative skills. In the view of transformation of pharma companies, with the exponential growth of molecularly targeted drugs, a thorough knowledge of precision medicine in oncology will be extremely useful .
5. Learning skills
In the age of precision medicine the student will become aware of how indispensable for professional purposes is a continuous updating in a field, such as oncology, in which innovation in the pharmacological research it is in continuous evolution, with the development of always new targeted agents in the view of a more and more precise personalization of the treatments in oncology.
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| 10612253 | CHEMISTRY OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS [CHIM/09] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The Chemistry of Cosmetic Products course aims to teach the student the main types of cosmetic products and their use, the function of the different categories of ingredients used in the preparation of cosmetic products, the formulation aspects and the legislative aspects concerning the conception, production and sale of cosmetic products and the social and economic aspects related to their use.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will learn the function of each ingredient of a cosmetic product, the specific functions of the same ingredient in the main classes of cosmetic products, the physiological variation that the ingredients can exert in the area of application. He will learn the origin and composition of the main categories of ingredients and the techniques for their preparation and extraction. In particular, he will know the various types of lipid phases, their origin and their different functions in the various cosmetics, the surfactants and their use as detergents and dispersants, the water used in cosmetic products and the main hydrophilic ingredients, as well as other specific ingredients such as preservatives and antioxidants. He will also know the legislative aspects related to the use of the various ingredients and to the cosmetic product as a whole.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will be able to recognize, for a cosmetic formulation, the functions of each ingredient and to critically evaluate the possible interactions, incompatibilities, synergies of the various ingredients. He will be able to evaluate the stability of the formulation according to the substances contained. He will be able to propose a choice of ingredients relating to the effect to be obtained, and the conditions of use of the cosmetic product.
3. Making judgements
The lessons will involve the direct participation of the students by asking and soliciting questions in order to stimulate their critical sense. Comparison of the ingredients also suitable for nutrition will also be proposed, stimulating the ability to correlate the various functions that an ingredient can have in the various fields of use. Notions already acquired in the chemical field (inorganic, organic and biochemical chemistry) and in the biomedical field (anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, toxicology) will be recalled.
4. Communication skills
The evaluation of the student preparation will be by oral examination, which will focus on all the topics of the program, testing the student's communication skills.
5. Learning skills
The student will be encouraged to seek further information on topics of interest both in the recommended texts and in specific scientific publications on the subject. This exercise will be useful also for his future working experience, to build skills in context analysis and problem solving.
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| 10612254 | NANOSYSTEMS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY [CHIM/09, CHIM/02] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course aims to illustrate the applications of nanotechnologies to sensors and in the pharmaceutical and therapeutic field. At the end of the course, students will be able to understand how to synthesize, characterize and manipulate nanomaterials and how they can be used to create new nano-biodevices for diagnostics and as carriers for pharmaceutical applications and biomedicine.
- Nanosystems for the diagnosis and the pharmaceutical technology I
The aim of the nanosystems module is to provide students with the necessary information for a critical knowledge of the principles and applications of nanotechnologies ranging from the creation and modification of nanostructured material, to kinetics, electrochemistry and the principles of plasmon resonance, together with the knowledge acquired in other lessons such as biochemistry, organic chemistry and pharmacology will be the basis for the realization of miniaturized devices based on bio-nanotechnologies applied to resolutions of problems in the food, clinical and ecotoxicological fields.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING ABILITY:
• to know the principles that underlie nanotechnology with particular regard to modification and functionalization;
• to know the principles underlying the measurement techniques applied for the realization of the nanodevices;
• to understand the potentiality of nanostructured modified biosensors and their use in real matrices analysis in several fields of interest in particular; food, clinical, pharmaceutical and environmental.
ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
• to understand the different theoretical-experimental approaches for the resolution of properties inherent in the use of nanomaterials in diagnostics in general and biosensors in particular.
JUDGMENT AUTONOMY:
• to be able to develop their critical sense following stimuli coming from the teacher:
• to be able to connect the topics studied thanks to the multidisciplinary nature of the course by integrating what has been studied in the course with the already acquired knowledge of the chemical and biological type.
LEARNING ABILITY:
• to be able to describe scientific topics related to real systems using in a critical way the methodologies and techniques covered in the course.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
• to be able to discuss scientific topics related to nanotechnologies and measuring devices and apply them to real processes.
- Nanosystems for the diagnosis and the pharmaceutical technology II
The aim of this module is to illustrate the applications of the nanotechnologies in the pharmaceutical and biomedical field. In particular, the main applications of nanotechnologies in drug delivery, medicine and theranostics will be showed, both for systems under already on the market and for the most innovative systems in the early research stage.
This aim will be reached through the achievement of specific objectives concerning:
• The description of the main nanotechnological systems developed and under research, with an illustration of their structure and of the rationale underlying their application;
• the knowledge of the national and international regulatory bases for nanotechnological products;
• the knowledge of the main formulations and production of nanotechnological products;
• the ability to systematically apply the knowledge acquired in the course to the various operational contexts in which the student, once he has obtained his degree, will operate;
• the ability to communicate the results of their own elaborations to the stakeholders;
• the ability to find information necessary for the self-updating.
These specific objectives will be achieved through the provision of lectures, the execution of group work and the preparation of written reports.
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| NANOSYSTEMS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY I [CHIM/09] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course aims to illustrate the applications of nanotechnologies to sensors and in the pharmaceutical and therapeutic field. At the end of the course, students will be able to understand how to synthesize, characterize and manipulate nanomaterials and how they can be used to create new nano-biodevices for diagnostics and as carriers for pharmaceutical applications and biomedicine.
- Nanosystems for the diagnosis and the pharmaceutical technology I
The aim of the nanosystems module is to provide students with the necessary information for a critical knowledge of the principles and applications of nanotechnologies ranging from the creation and modification of nanostructured material, to kinetics, electrochemistry and the principles of plasmon resonance, together with the knowledge acquired in other lessons such as biochemistry, organic chemistry and pharmacology will be the basis for the realization of miniaturized devices based on bio-nanotechnologies applied to resolutions of problems in the food, clinical and ecotoxicological fields.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING ABILITY:
• to know the principles that underlie nanotechnology with particular regard to modification and functionalization;
• to know the principles underlying the measurement techniques applied for the realization of the nanodevices;
• to understand the potentiality of nanostructured modified biosensors and their use in real matrices analysis in several fields of interest in particular; food, clinical, pharmaceutical and environmental.
ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
• to understand the different theoretical-experimental approaches for the resolution of properties inherent in the use of nanomaterials in diagnostics in general and biosensors in particular.
JUDGMENT AUTONOMY:
• to be able to develop their critical sense following stimuli coming from the teacher:
• to be able to connect the topics studied thanks to the multidisciplinary nature of the course by integrating what has been studied in the course with the already acquired knowledge of the chemical and biological type.
LEARNING ABILITY:
• to be able to describe scientific topics related to real systems using in a critical way the methodologies and techniques covered in the course.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
• to be able to discuss scientific topics related to nanotechnologies and measuring devices and apply them to real processes.
- Nanosystems for the diagnosis and the pharmaceutical technology II
The aim of this module is to illustrate the applications of the nanotechnologies in the pharmaceutical and biomedical field. In particular, the main applications of nanotechnologies in drug delivery, medicine and theranostics will be showed, both for systems under already on the market and for the most innovative systems in the early research stage.
This aim will be reached through the achievement of specific objectives concerning:
• The description of the main nanotechnological systems developed and under research, with an illustration of their structure and of the rationale underlying their application;
• the knowledge of the national and international regulatory bases for nanotechnological products;
• the knowledge of the main formulations and production of nanotechnological products;
• the ability to systematically apply the knowledge acquired in the course to the various operational contexts in which the student, once he has obtained his degree, will operate;
• the ability to communicate the results of their own elaborations to the stakeholders;
• the ability to find information necessary for the self-updating.
These specific objectives will be achieved through the provision of lectures, the execution of group work and the preparation of written reports.
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| NANOSYSTEMS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY II [CHIM/02] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course aims to illustrate the applications of nanotechnologies to sensors and in the pharmaceutical and therapeutic field. At the end of the course, students will be able to understand how to synthesize, characterize and manipulate nanomaterials and how they can be used to create new nano-biodevices for diagnostics and as carriers for pharmaceutical applications and biomedicine.
- Nanosystems for the diagnosis and the pharmaceutical technology I
The aim of the nanosystems module is to provide students with the necessary information for a critical knowledge of the principles and applications of nanotechnologies ranging from the creation and modification of nanostructured material, to kinetics, electrochemistry and the principles of plasmon resonance, together with the knowledge acquired in other lessons such as biochemistry, organic chemistry and pharmacology will be the basis for the realization of miniaturized devices based on bio-nanotechnologies applied to resolutions of problems in the food, clinical and ecotoxicological fields.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING ABILITY:
• to know the principles that underlie nanotechnology with particular regard to modification and functionalization;
• to know the principles underlying the measurement techniques applied for the realization of the nanodevices;
• to understand the potentiality of nanostructured modified biosensors and their use in real matrices analysis in several fields of interest in particular; food, clinical, pharmaceutical and environmental.
ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
• to understand the different theoretical-experimental approaches for the resolution of properties inherent in the use of nanomaterials in diagnostics in general and biosensors in particular.
JUDGMENT AUTONOMY:
• to be able to develop their critical sense following stimuli coming from the teacher:
• to be able to connect the topics studied thanks to the multidisciplinary nature of the course by integrating what has been studied in the course with the already acquired knowledge of the chemical and biological type.
LEARNING ABILITY:
• to be able to describe scientific topics related to real systems using in a critical way the methodologies and techniques covered in the course.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
• to be able to discuss scientific topics related to nanotechnologies and measuring devices and apply them to real processes.
- Nanosystems for the diagnosis and the pharmaceutical technology II
The aim of this module is to illustrate the applications of the nanotechnologies in the pharmaceutical and biomedical field. In particular, the main applications of nanotechnologies in drug delivery, medicine and theranostics will be showed, both for systems under already on the market and for the most innovative systems in the early research stage.
This aim will be reached through the achievement of specific objectives concerning:
• The description of the main nanotechnological systems developed and under research, with an illustration of their structure and of the rationale underlying their application;
• the knowledge of the national and international regulatory bases for nanotechnological products;
• the knowledge of the main formulations and production of nanotechnological products;
• the ability to systematically apply the knowledge acquired in the course to the various operational contexts in which the student, once he has obtained his degree, will operate;
• the ability to communicate the results of their own elaborations to the stakeholders;
• the ability to find information necessary for the self-updating.
These specific objectives will be achieved through the provision of lectures, the execution of group work and the preparation of written reports.
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| 1026798 | BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY [CHIM/03] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The objective of the Bioinorganic Chemistry course is to teach the role of inorganic elements in biological, environmental, and pharmaceutical processes. This discipline utilizes tools and deepens concepts borrowed from the fields of chemistry, physics, biology, and medicine.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will learn about the selection, accumulation, transport, and storage of inorganic elements in organisms, particularly metal ions, and will understand the reaction mechanisms at the molecular level in which they participate in numerous physio-pathological processes. Specifically, concepts related to coordination chemistry principles; the selection, absorption, and organization of metal-containing units in biology; the toxic effects of inorganic elements, including Mercury, Chromium, Arsenic, Lead; the structure and functions of the heme unit; the properties of Iron and Copper in oxygen-carrying proteins; the role of Zinc in hydrolytic enzymes; metal-mediated enzymatic atom and electron transfer reactions; inorganic elements in drugs; and the toxic and therapeutic potential of small molecules (NO, CO, H2S) are described and discussed.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will know the main roles played by inorganic elements and metals in biology and medicine and will be able to discuss their importance in the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases.
3. Making judgements
The lectures will be interactive with questions and prompts aimed at stimulating attention, making connections, and encouraging critical considerations based on already acquired concepts and tools. The goal is to rework the learned notions and material obtained from bibliographic research in international journals and specialist texts in a clear and synthetic manner.
4. Communication skills
To this end, the course includes the development of a monographic theme by each student and the related oral presentation in the presence of colleagues and potentially other interested parties.
5. Learning skills
The student will be able to study and deepen the topics covered in the lectures using the material provided by the lecturer on the e-learning platform (slides; scientific articles and reviews) and consulting the recommended textbooks (some copies are available in the Department library).
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| 10612259 | ADVANCED ORGANIC SYNTHESIS [CHIM/06] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
Organic chemistry is a chemistry discipline involving the scientific study of the structure, reactivity, properties and applications of compounds which are formed mainly by carbon atoms, forming covalent bonds, both from natural and artificial sources.
The general objective of the SACO course, is to provide students with the knowledge and the competences necessary to understand and apply the key principles of the stereoselective and metal-assisted synthetic routes, touching the main topics studied and acquired during the Organic Chemistry 1 and Organic Chemistry 2 classes. For a CTF student this learning is essential, because most of the synthetic methodology of biologically active compound are based on stereoselective and/or metal-assisted processes. This knowledge will allow the student to be able to understand the new synthetic methodology involved in the construction of biologically active compounds. Furthermore, acquiring of advanced knowledge about organic chemistry will be essential for improving the understanding of the drug-receptor interactions, a crucial topic in different next courses.
Specific expected learning outcomes
The SACO course is devoted to provide students with the adequate knowledge to be independent in solving problems about specific organic chemistry studies. This ability will be acquired by the means of frontal lesson, submitting to the students illustrative case studies about the synthesis of biologically active compounds.
Teaching materials, available on line will support students during the lessons even thought studying the recommended text book is essential to acquire the skills and the competence that are necessary to perform the final exam.
In order to improve the exposure ability, students will be constantly encouraged to communicate their ideas to both specialists and non specialists audiences. The Erasmus programme will enable students to improve their communications skills, by exchanging information, problems and solutions.
The specific objectives consist in acquiring the following knowledge and expertise:
1) to understand advanced stereochemistry and its importance on the reactivity of organic compounds;
2) to acquire the specific knowledge to understand the main stereoselective reactions;
3) to acquire the specific knowledge to understand the main metal-assisted synthetic procedures; 4) introduction to the bioorganic reaction
5) to acquire the specific knowledge to perform retrosynthetic analysis on molecules of intermediate structural complexity.
7) to acquire the specific knowledge to understand the molecular structure through NMR.
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| 10612256 | ADVANCED SEPARATION AND SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY [CHIM/06] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
This course is mainly designed to provide a deeper insight into advanced chromatographic and spectrometric techniques presented during the course of Physical Methods in Organic Chemistry (second semester of the third year). Chromatographic techniques allow the qualitative and quantitative determination of complex mixtures, obtained both from synthetic processes and from extractive processes from vegetable drugs and environmental matrices. For these reasons, such techniques play a fundamental role for a future employment in the field of regulatory affairs and healthcare industries.
The students will experience the most modern techniques for the separation of complex mixtures (HPLC, UHPLC, HILIC) and the basic concepts of the coupling between liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS), aimed at the correct identification of the chemical structure of the studied compounds.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the student has a thorough and advanced knowledge of the chromatographic and spectroscopic methods already presented in the course of Physical Methods in Organic Chemistry. He knows the most modern techniques for the separation of complex mixtures (HPLC, UHPLC, HILIC) and the basic concepts of the coupling between liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS).
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the student knows the most widely used chromatographic materials, the theoretical principles and the most innovative chiral stationary phases for the analysis of chiral drugs; he is familiar with the concept of the inversion of the elution order of enantiomers. He knows some of the most recent applications in the field of proteomics (monolithic capillary column approach) and of stereoselective molecular recognition in the gas phase.
3. Making judgements
At the end of the course the student is able to decide independently which analytical method is more useful to solve a particular trouble that he could meet in the working field, from the characterization of new active ingredients of therapeutic interest to the production and quality control of the drug.
4. Communication skills
At the end of the course the student has the ability to communicate outward the knowledge he has learned during the course, both toward the scientific community and the labor market. In particular, he must be able to provide clear and direct information on the most modern chromatographic techniques and their applications in the field of drugs.
5. Learning skills
The student who has passed the exam is able to continue the study by reading the most recent articles published in the literature that the teacher makes available to him on the e-learning platform. He/she is also able to check specific databases in the field.
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| 10612260 | POLYMERS IN PHARMACEUTICALS [CHIM/09] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The aim of the Course is to provide the fundamentals concerning the structure and behavior of polymeric materials and the ability to relate the polymer characteristics with their properties; to give an overview of the most important natural and synthetic polymers with a focus on the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will know the different polymer categories according to the several methods used for their syntheses; as the different structures can influence their physico-chemical properties in the solid state and in solution. He will also know the main applications of each class of polymers in the industry with an important focus on the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the classes the student will understand how the different polymers have specific applications, according to their different characteristics; which specific features are required to be a biomaterial for its use in a medical device or in an advanced pharmaceutical form. He will have the ability to plan the use of a specific polymer material in a pharmaceutical formulation, based on the required characteristics.
3. Making judgements
The student will be able to understand and critically evaluate the characteristics and use of the main polymer types for specific uses; he will be able to independently find information on the characteristics and use of polymers that he will meet during his study or his work, and he can choose the most suitable candidates for the various applications required.
4. Communication skills
The ability to communicate the acquired notions will be verified through direct discussions in the classroom and through the elaboration of a monograph related to a specific polymer or to a specific application to be illustrated by a presentation during the examination. Thanks to the course of Polymers for Pharmaceuticals the student will learn the specific basic terminology of the polymer science, he will be able to communicate on this subject in a suitable manner also at working level, where required.
5. Learning skills
The student will be stimulated through questions, interactive discussions and numerous connections to the field of pharmaceutical technology, in order to improve his ability to interdisciplinarity.
These specific objectives will be achieved through lessons and open discussion with reference to the most common polymers used and contained in pharmaceutical forms.
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| 10612261 | PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSAYS [BIO/14] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives GENERAL EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES
The main aims of the course are to provide knowledge on experimental pharmacological techniques essential for drug development.
SPECIFIC EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students
1. Knowledge and understanding. Will know some experimental pharmacological techniques essential for pre-clinical and clinical drug development.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding. Will develop critical skills on the subjects of the course also thanks to the preparation of a short theoretical dissertation and visits to research centers .
3. Making judgements. Will have acquired autonomy of judgment thanks to the independent analysis of the bibliographic sources of the course before and after the lectures (flipped classroom).
4. Communication skills. Will improve his/her communication skills also thanks to the presentation of a dissertation and the final oral exam.
5. Learning skills. Will be familiar with the most modern bibliographic tools (databases, online texbooks of the platform ACCESS MEDICINE) which will allow her/him to stay updated on all frontier subjects in the field of pharmacology.
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| 1022407 | PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY [MED/07] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course is aimed at deepening microbiological knowledge useful for the preparation of new drugs and their quality control and for microbiological control of cosmetics, mineral water, and food. The aim of the course is also to provide expertise for planning scientific research for the discovery of therapeutic targets against human pathogens.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will acquire skills to identify and to isolate the main human pathogens using the main classical microbiological, virological and molecular biology techniques, employed by diagnostic and research laboratories. Furthermore, the student will be able to suggest potential therapeutic targets, useful for the pharmacological treatment of various infectious diseases.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
The student will be able to recognize the different microorganisms, to quantify the bacterial and viral load, and to perform the main sterilisation and biosafety procedures. The student will also be able to apply the main microbiological quality tests used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutic industry as well as in water and food control.
3. Making judgements
Lessons and laboratory exercises will be interactive. During the lessons the teacher will pursue an effective question strategy to capture students' attention, foster student involvement, and facilitate a positive, active learning environment. The student will be stimulated to analyse experimental data related to course topics.
4. Communication skills
At the end of the course the student will be able to use an appropriate technical-scientific language to communicate correctly on the topics covered, even with non-specialists or professionals from other disciplines.
5. Learning skills
The course is aimed at facilitating a critical and autonomous in-depth study of the topics covered in specialized texts and through consultation of databases and sector-specific platforms.
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| 10612262 | DRUG DESIGN [CHIM/08] [ITA] | 5th | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
This course leads students towards a rational learning of Drug Design, giving them, after some general notes, a proper preparation about: a) targets, molecular interaction drug-target, consequences of these interactions basics of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic; b) basics and strategies of drug design. Particular remarks will be on invention, discovery, design, identificatio, preparation of drugs, metabolism, molecular mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The students will know and will be able to understand all aspects about pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic, drug targets, drug-target interactions, the consequences of these interactionsgeneral principles and strategies of drug discovery and design, the invention, discovery design identification of some specific drugs presented like case-studies, their metabolism, mechanism of action, and structure-activity relationships.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the student, applying the aquired knowledge, will be able to plan the design of a drug, starting form the decision about the therapeutic area, fenotypic approach, target based approach, study of drug-target interactions, hit to lead and lead to candidate development, going ahead to the application of synthetic strategies and technologies, including CADD, up to the right comprehension of the relevance of ADMA-Tox properties for strong candidate to the clinical development.
3. Making judgements
At the end of the course the student will be able to eavluate the appropriate approach to the design of a specific drug. This critical and judgement ability, will be obtained thanks to continuous interactivity hold during the course. In fact the teacher will ask questions very frequently to stimulate students to link the actual topics to all the topics studied up to that time, so that the study will not be isolated, but integrated matter with the aquired knowledge. At the end of the course the stundent will hold a presentation about an innovative recent drug.
4. Communication skills
The student will be able to communicate the knowledge comprehended by the course and will apply during the oral exam that will focus on the topics of the syllabus. The student is stimulated to communicate in an inteactive way during the classroom and, at the end of the course and after the exam, will be able to communicate effectively his/her knowledge in the drug design field to specialists and non-specialists, in a more technical and detailed, and in an educational way, respectively.
5. Learning skills
The student will find details of lessons on the suggested textbooks and in the scientific literature and will have ability to use them to pursue an indipendent preparation. This will be useful to teh studento to find again topics of the matte raso in future time when the memory of the concepts described in the lesson room will be softer. The textbooks will remain the benchmark for student that will be able to find again details of forgotten notions.
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