Aeronautical engineering

Introduction to the course. 2. Angular velocity. Vorticity. Circulation. Kelvin theorem. 3. Biot-Savart law Induced velocity by a straight vortex. Irrotational flow. Bernoulli equation. 4. Basic solutions of the Laplace equation. Source. Doublet. Potential vortex. 5. General solution of the potential flow problem. Green function. Boundary conditions. 6. Potential flow on a wing. Small perturbation problem. Linearization. 7. Potential flow around an airfoil. Glauert solution. Two dimensional unpowered flaps theory 8. Pressure coefficient on wing section. Linearized approach 9. Main characteristics of the stall phenomenon on an airfoil. 10. General solution for the lifting line theory. 11. Lifting line for finite wing. Elliptical distribution. 12. Monoplane equation. Basic and additional aerodynamic load 13. Monoplane equation: Exercise. Schrenk method. CLMax of a wing. 14. Aerodynamic Center of a Wing 15. Nonlinear lifting line theory, effect of the wake on the maximum lift coefficient 16. Additional apparent mass. 17. Jones and Polhamus theory for delta wings. 18. Aerodynamic center of a wing. Position of the center of pressure. 19. Example of panel codes. Introduction to the analysis of the aerodynamic drag. 20. Exact solutions of Navier-Stokes. Couette-Poisuille. Boundary layer equations. 21. Thickness of boundary layer. Separation 22. Blasius theory of boundary layer. Applications. 23. Boundary Layer control: Asymptotic suction. 24. Integral equation for the boundary layer. 25. Integral equation for the boundary layer. 26. Wave drag. Transonic flow. Corning method 27. Pressure drag. Aircraft drag polar. Equivalent parasite area. 28. Fluid Stability: Orr-Sommerfeld equation. 29. Introduction to the propeller geometry and characteristics 30. Analysis of fluid stability example 31. Momentum theory for the propeller 32. Blade element theory for the propeller. 33. The choice of the propeller 34 Rotorcraft components: main rotor, tail rotor, fuselage, engine, rotor transmission, control system. 35 Basic mechanics of rotor systems, flapping, lagging and feathering motions. 36 Rotor aerodynamics in hovering and axial flight. Vertical descent and vortex ring state. 37. Figure of merit, blade tip loss, ground effect. Rotor wake models. 38. Rotor aerodynamics if forward flight, induced velocity, blade element theory, force and torque coefficients, flapping coefficients. 39. Helicopter trim in axial and advancing flight, longitudinal and lateral equilibrium conditions. Performance analysis, engine performance and power losses, required power. 40. Hover performance, forward flight performance, climb in forward flight.

Knowledge of basic and advanced mathematics: Differential and integral calculus in multiple variables Ordinary and partial differential equations Linear algebra and vector transformations Fundamentals of physics: Classical mechanics and rigid-body dynamics Basic principles of fluid dynamics and thermodynamics Introductory knowledge of flight mechanics Skills in computer science and numerical methods: Proficiency with mathematical software (e.g., MATLAB, Python, or equivalent) Basic knowledge of numerical methods for engineering problem solving Preliminary knowledge of aeronautical engineering: Structure and operation of fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft Familiarity with basic aeronautical technical terminology Transferable skills: Ability to analyze and synthesize physical–mathematical models Ability to read and understand technical–scientific literature in English

1 Barnes W. McCormick, Aeronautics,Aerodynamics and Flight Mechanics, Wiley. 2. A.R.S. Bramwell, G. Done, D. Balmford, Bramwell's Helicopter Dynamics, Second Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2001.

not required

Questions on course programme and applied excerses

The course is delivered through a combination of teaching activities, including: Lectures Presentation of the theoretical foundations of aerodynamics applied to fixed- and rotary-wing configurations. Use of multimedia resources and teaching materials to support the understanding of mathematical models and physical phenomena. Analytical and numerical exercises Guided problem-solving on lift, drag, stability, and performance analysis. Application of analytical and numerical calculation methods. Case studies Analysis of real-world aeronautical configurations (fixed-wing aircraft, propellers, helicopters). Critical discussion of scientific articles and technical documents. Seminars Possible contributions from external experts from industry, research institutions, or aeronautical organizations. In-depth coverage of advanced and emerging topics. Independent student work Individual study of scientific literature and advanced aerodynamics textbooks. Preparation of reports, presentations, or short group projects.