SILVIO MOLLO

I corsi inizieranno a partire dal lunedì 6 ottobre 2025

Corso di Petrografia per le Scienze Naturali:
Durante il Corso di Petrografia sarà verificato il livello di apprendimento degli studenti mediante un test di autovalutazione. E' molto importante iscriversi al test compilando il documento al seguente link:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1pVEbwktg3s3uQpG405HX_wS3VJnv8bxqnQHgpak2FPk/edit?usp=sharing
Il programma fornisce anche strumenti per l'utilizzo delle conoscenze di base della petrografia al fine di costruire percorsi didattici basati su osservazioni in campo e in laboratorio sfruttando anche tecnologie digitali e innovative.
Come libro di testo principale si raccomanda: 
Lucio Morbidelli. Le rocce e i loro costituenti. IIIa edizione (2014) Casa ed. Scienze e Lettere
 
Corso di Fluidi, Rocce e Radioattività Ambientale:
Gli studenti che vogliono seguire il corso sono pregati di contattarmi a silvio.mollo@uniroma1.it

Analysis of petrological processes that control the evolution of magmas during polybaric/polythermal ascent and emplacement, fractional crystallization, assimilation of crustal lithologies, and mixing via multiple recharge events.

Mineral and glass compositions are examined at the laboratory scale to calibrate equilibrium models, major and trace element partitioning models, thermobarometers, hygrometers and geospeedometers.

Crystal growth kinetics are also investigated to identify the physical and chemical perturbations of magmatic reservoirs as well as to quantify the timescale of crystallization process.

This research endeavour continues to benefit from numerous collaborations built over the years with Italian and international universities and research institutes, as detailed in the publications:

1. Jie Wu J., Cronin S.J., Brenna M., Paredes-Marino J., Park S-H, Huebsch M., Pontesilli A., Firth C., Adams D., Ubide T., Hamilton K., MacDonald A., Califano E., White J.D.L., Plank T., Ribo M., Ukstins I., Ramos F., Mollo S., Kim J., Latu’ila F., Kula T., Vaiomoungam R., 2026, What triggered the catastrophic 15 January 2022 Hunga eruption?. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 686, 120041, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2026.120041.
2. Sunyé-Puchol I., Özsoy-Ünal R., Bolós X., Smith V.C., Akkas E., Tavazzani L., Aymerich J., Nazzari M., Lacan P., Cullen V., Bachmann O., Scarlato P., Mollo S., 2026, Reconstructing the Holocene explosive eruptive history of the Erciyes volcano (Turkey) using proximal and distal tephra records. Journal of Quaternary Science, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70070.
3. Califano E., Mollo S., Brenna M., Pontesilli A., Wu J., Marks P., Eul D., Nowak M., Cronin S.J., Di Fiore F., Vona A., Abeykoon S., Di Genova D., Romano C., Scarlato P., 2025, Experimental and thermodynamic constraints on the magmatic variables governing pre-eruptive conditions at Hunga volcano: Development of a new equilibrium orthopyroxene-clinopyroxene thermometer. Chemical Geology, 708, 123328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2026.123328.
4. Schiavon B., Petrone C.M., Forni F., Pontesilli A., Hu H., Scarlato P., Andronico D., Del Bello E., Nazzari M., Mollo S., 2025, Multiple mush generations provide insight into the longevity of open-conduit basaltic volcanoes. Scientific Reports, 15, 21393, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07005-6.
5. Di Fiore F., Vona A., Di Genova D., Caracciolo A., Pontesilli A., Calabrò L., Giuliani G., Mollo S., Bondar D., Nazzari M., Romano C., Scarlato P., 2025. Impact of cooling rate on rheology and emplacement dynamics of basaltic lavas: Insights from the January 2024 Sundhnúksgígar eruption (Iceland). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 466, 108400, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108400.
6. Califano E. Mollo S., Sossi P.A., Tavazzani L., Moschini P., Pontesilli A., Scarlato P., 2025. Volatilities and diffusivities of Tl, Ag, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ga, and As from a Cl-bearing shoshonitic basalt and their application to volcanic degassing. Chemical Geology, 693, 122947, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122947.
7. Özsoy R., Sunyé‑Puchol I., Bolos X., Akkaş E., Costa A., Tavazzani L., Miggins D.P., Nazzari M., Bachmann O., Scarlato P., Kaya S., Mollo S., 2025. Reconstructing the volcanic history of the Ulukıs ¸la Caldera: A collapse structure within the Hasandag Volcanic Complex, Central Anatolia (Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 463, 108345, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108345.
8. Giuliani G., Di Genova D., Di Fiore F., Mollo S., Dominijanni S., Petrone C.M., Romano C., Vova A., 2025. The rheological evolution of a phonotephritic melt upon variable degrees of carbonate assimilation and deformation regimes. Chemical Geology, 680, 122711, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122711.
9. MacDonald A., Ubide T., Mollo S., Taddeucci J., 2024. Spatial and temporal mush heterogeneity during eruptions recorded in clinopyroxene from the 2021 paroxysms at Mt. Etna, Italy. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 179:99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-024-02174-5.
10. Giuliani G., Di Genova D., Di Fiore F., Valdivia P., Mollo S., Romano C., Boffa Ballaran T., Kurnosov A., Vova A., 2024. The effect of carbonate assimilation and nanoheterogeneities on the viscosity of phonotephritic melt from Vesuvius. Chemical Geology, 670, 122408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2024.122408.
11. Mollo S., Di Fiore F., MacDonald A., Ubide T., Pontesilli A., Giuliani G., Vona A., Romano C., Scarlato P., 2024. Thermodynamics and kinetics of cation partitioning between plagioclase and trachybasaltic melt in static and dynamic systems: A reassessment of the lattice strain and electrostatic energies of substitution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 384, 27-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2024.09.006.
12. MacDonald A., Ubide T., Mollo S., 2024. Degree of sector zoning in clinopyroxene records dynamic magma recharge and ascent. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 378, 245-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2024.06.025.
13. Özsoy R., Sunyé‑Puchol I., Pedrazzi D. Akkaş E., Costa A., Massaro S., Tavazzani L., Nazzari M., Bachmann O., Scarlato P., Miggins D.P., Kaya S., Mollo S., 2024. Reconstructing the Belbaşhanı Pumice Plinian eruption, Hasandağ Volcano, Turkey. Bulletin of Volcanology, 86:61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-024-01752-6.
14. Di Fiore F., Vona A., Di Genova D., Pontesilli A., Calabrò L., Mollo S., Taddeucci J., Romano C., Scarlato P., 2024. Magma titanium and iron contents dictate crystallization timescales and rheological behaviour in basaltic volcanic systems. Communications Earth & Environment, 5:283. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01452-1.
15. Pontesilli A., Di Fiore F., Scarlato P., Ellis B., Del Bello E., Andronico D., Taddeucci J., Brenna M., Nazzari M., Bachmann O., Mollo S., 2024. Magma differentiation in dynamic mush domains from the perspective of multivariate statistics. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 25, e2023GC011396. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC011396.
16. MacDonald A., Ubide T., Mollo S., Pontesilli A., Masotta M., 2023, The Influence of Undercooling and Sector Zoning on Clinopyroxene–Melt Equilibrium and Thermobarometry. Journal of Petrology 64, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egad074.
17. Mollo S., Moschini P., Ubide T., MacDonald A., Vetere F., Nazzari M., Misiti V., Miyajima M., Melai C., Di Genova D., Vona A., Di Fiore F., Romano C., 2023, Kinetic partitioning of trace cations between zoned clinopyroxene and a variably cooled-decompressed alkali basalt: Thermodynamic considerations on lattice strain and electrostatic energies of substitution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 361, 40–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2023.10.012.
18. Di Fiore F., Vona A., Mollo S., Nazzari M., Giordano G., Romano C., 2023, Experimental insights on the shear-induced crystallization of a phonotephrite magma. Chemical Geology 637, 121682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121682.
19. Colle F., Masotta M., Costa S., Mollo S., Landi P., Pontesilli A., Peres S., Mancini L., 2023, Effect of undercooling on clinopyroxene crystallization in a high K basalt: Implications for magma dynamics at Stromboli volcano. Lithos 456–457, 107327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2023.107327.
20. Pontesilli A., Del Bello E., Scarlato P., Mollo S., Ellis B., Andronico D., Taddeucci J., Nazzari M., 2023, The efficacy of high frequency petrological investigation at open-conduit volcanoes: The case of May 11 2019 explosions at southwestern and northeastern craters of Stromboli. Lithos 454–455, 107255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2023.107255.
21. Moschini P., Mollo S., Pontesilli A., Nazzari M., Petrone C.M., Fanara S., Vona A., Gaeta M., Romano C., Scarlato P., 2023, A review of plagioclase growth rate and compositional evolution in mafic alkaline magmas: Guidelines for thermometry, hygrometry, and timescales of magma dynamics at Stromboli and Mt. Etna. Earth-Science Reviews 240, 104399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104399.
22. Schiavon B., Mollo S., Pontesilli A., Del Bello E., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., 2023, Plagioclase crystal size distribution parameterization: A tool for tracking magma dynamics at Stromboli. Lithos, 446–447, 107143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2023.107143.
23. Petrone C.M., Mollo S., Gertisser R., Buret Y., Scarlato P., Del Bello E., Andronico D., Ellis B., Pontesilli A., De Astis G., Giacomoni P., Coltorti M., Reagan M., 2022, Magma recharge and mush rejuvenation drive paroxysmal activity at Stromboli volcano. Nature Communications 13, 7717. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-35405-z.
24. MacDonald A., Ubide T., Mollo S., Masotta M., Pontesilli A., 2022, Trace element partitioning in zoned clinopyroxene as a proxy for undercooling: Experimental constraints from trachybasaltic magmas. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 336, 249-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2022.09.007.
25. Bini G., Chiodini G., Caliro S., Tassi F., Vaselli O., Rizzo A.L., Mollo S., Vougioukalakis G.E., Bachmann O., 2022, Nitrogen, helium, and argon reveal the magmatic signature of fumarole gases and episodes of outgassing from upper-crustal magma reservoirs: The case of the Nisyros caldera (Aegean Arc, Greece). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 335, 68-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2022.08.028.
26. Di Fiore F., Vona A., Costa A., Mollo S., Romano C., 2022, Quantifying the influence of cooling and shear rate on the disequilibrium rheology of a trachybasaltic melt from Mt. Etna. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 594, 117725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117725.
27. Lang S., Mollo S., Lyderic F., Misiti V., Nazzari M., 2022, Partitioning of Ti, Al, P, and Cr between olivine and a tholeiitic basaltic melt: Insights on olivine zoning patterns and cation substitution reactions under variable cooling rate conditions. Chemical Geology, 601, 120870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120870.
28. Mollo S., Pontesilli A., Moschini P., Palummo F., Taddeucci J., Andronico D., Del Bello E., Scarlato P., 2022, Modeling the crystallization conditions of clinopyroxene crystals erupted during 2021 February–April lava fountains at Mt. Etna: Implications for the dynamic transfer of magmas. Lithos, 420–421, 106710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2022.106710.
29. Giuliani L., Vetere F., Iezzi G., Nazzari M., Mollo S., Behrens H., Scarlato P., Ventura G., 2022, Crystal-chemical variations of spinel, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase in MORB basaltic melt induced by continuous cooling. Chemical Geology, 594, 120765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120765.
30. Pontesilli A., Brenna M., Mollo S., Masotta M., Nazzari M., Le Roux P., Scarlato P., 2022, Trachyte-phonolite transition at Dunedin Volcano: Fingerprints of magma plumbing system maturity and mush evolution. Lithos, 408–409, 106545. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106545.
31. Pontesilli A., Brenna M., Ubide T., Mollo S., Masotta M., Caulfield J., Le Roux P., Nazzari M., Scott J.M., Scarlato P., 2021, Intraplate Basalt Alkalinity Modulated by a Lithospheric Mantle Filter at the Dunedin Volcano (New Zealand). Journal of Petrology, 62, 1–36. doi: 10.1093/petrology/egab062.
32. Di Fiore F., Mollo S., Vona A., MacDonald A., Ubide T., Nazzari M., Romano C., Scarlato P., 2021, Kinetic partitioning of major and trace cations between clinopyroxene and phonotephritic melt under convective stirring conditions: New insights into clinopyroxene sector zoning and concentric zoning. Chemical Geology, 584, 120531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120531.
33. Palummo F., Mollo S., Petrone C.M., Ellis B.S., De Astis G., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., Bachmann O., 2021, Decoding multiple zoning patterns in clinopyroxene phenocrysts at Vulcano Island: A record of dynamic crystallization through interconnected reservoirs. Lithos, 406–407, 106517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106517.
34. Bonechi B., Perinelli C., Gaeta M., Stagno V., Fabbrizio A., Mollo S., R Hrubiak R., 2021, High pressure experimental investigation of clinopyroxene dissolution in a K-basaltic melt. Chemical Geology, 584, 120533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120533.
35. Lang S., Mollo S., Lyderic F., Misiti V., Nazzari M., 2021, Kinetic partitioning of major- minor cations between olivine and Hawaiian tholeiitic basalt under variable undercooling and cooling rate conditions. Chemical Geology, 584, 120485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120485.
36. Di Fiore F., Vona A., Kolzenburg S., Mollo S., Romano C., 2021, An extended rheological map of pāhoehoe—‘a‘ā transition. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 126, e2021JB022035. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022035.
37. Moschini P., Mollo S., Gaeta M., Fanara S., Nazzari M., Petrone C.M., Scarlato P., 2021, Parameterization of clinopyroxene growth kinetics via crystal size distribution (CSD) analysis: Insights into the temporal scales of magma dynamics at Mt. Etna volcano. Lithos 396–397, 106225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106225.
38. Mollo, S., Moschini, P., Galli, G., Tuccimei, P., Lucchetti, C., Iezzi, G., Scarlato, P., 2021, Carrier and dilution effects of CO2 on thoron emissions from a zeolitized tuff exposed to subvolcanic temperatures. Royal Society Open Science 8:201539. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201539.
39. Bini, G., Chiodini, G., Lucchetti, C., Moschini, P., Caliro, S., Mollo, S., Selva, J., Tuccimei, P., Galli, G., Bachmann O., 2020, Deep versus shallow sources of CO2 and Rn from a multi- parametric approach: the case of the Nisyros caldera (Aegean Arc, Greece). Scientific Reports, 10, 13782. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70114-x.
40. Mollo, S., Blundy, J., Scarlato, P., Vetere F., Holtz, F, Bachmann, O., Gaeta, M., 2020, A review of the lattice strain and electrostatic effects on trace element partitioning between clinopyroxene and melt: Applications to magmatic systems saturated with Tschermak-rich clinopyroxenes. Earth-Science Reviews, 210, 103351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103351.
41. Palummo F., Mollo S., De Astis G., Di Stefano F., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., 2020, Petrological and geochemical modeling of magmas erupted at Vulcano Island in the period 54–8 ka: Quantitative constraints on the sub-volcanic architecture of the plumbing system. Lithos, 374- 375, 105715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105715.
42. Giuliani L., Iezzi G., Hippeli T., Davis M., Elbrecht A., Vetere F., Nazzari M., Mollo S., 2020, The Onset and Solidification Path of a Basaltic Melt by in situ Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and ex situ Investigations. Frontiers in Earth Scieces 8:337. doi: 10.3389/feart.2020.00337.
43. Giuliani L., Iezzi G., Vetere F., Nazzari M., Behrens H., Mollo S., Cauti F., Ventura G., Scarlato P., 2020, Evolution of textures, crystal size distributions and growth rates of plagioclase, clinopyroxene and spinel crystallized at variable cooling rates from a mid-ocean ridge basaltic melt. Earth-Science Reviews, 204, 103165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103165.
44. Mollo S., Ubide T., Di Stefano F., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., 2020, Polybaric/polythermal magma transport and trace element partitioning recorded in single crystals: A case study of a zoned clinopyroxene from Mt. Etna. Lithos 356-357, 105382, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105382.
45. Masotta M., Pontesilli A., Mollo S., Armienti P., Ubide T., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., 2020, The role of undercooling during clinopyroxene growth in trachybasaltic magmas: Insights on magma decompression and cooling at Mt. Etna volcano. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 268, 258–276, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.10.009.
46. Di Stefano F., Mollo S., Ubide T., Petrone C.M., Caulfield J., Scarlato P., Nazzari M., Andronico D., Del Bello E., 2020, Mush cannibalism and disruption recorded by clinopyroxene phenocrysts at Stromboli volcano: new insights from recent 2003-2017 activity. Lithos, 360-361, 105440, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105440.
47. Mollo S., Tuccimei P., Soligo M., Galli G., Iezzi G., Scarlato P., 2019, Transient to stationary radon (220Rn) emissions from a phonolitic rock exposed to subvolcanic temperatures. Royal Society Open Science 6: 190782, http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190782.
48. Brenna M., Pontesilli A., Mollo S., Masotta M., Cronin S.J., Smith I.E.M., Moufti M.R.H., Scarlato P., 2019, Intra-eruptive trachyte-phonolite transition: natural evidences and experimental constraints on the role of crystal mushes. American Mineralogist, 104, 1750- 1764, doi: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6963.
49. Ubide T., Caulfield J., Brandt C., Bussweiler Y., Mollo S., Di Stefano F., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., 2019, Deep Magma Storage revealed by Multi-Method Elemental Mapping of Clinopyroxene Megacrysts at Stromboli Volcano. Frontiers in Earth Science, 7:239, doi: 10.3389/feart.2019.00239.
50. Masotta M., Mollo S., 2019, A new plagioclase-liquid hygrometer specific to trachytic systems. Minerals, 9, 375, doi:10.3390/min9060375.
51. Pontesilli A., Masotta M., Nazzari M., Mollo S., Armienti P., Scarlato P., Brenna M., 2019, Crystallization kinetics of clinopyroxene and titanomagnetite growing from a trachybasaltic melt: New insights from isothermal time-series experiments. Chemical Geology, 510, 113- 129, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.02.015.
52. Nazzari M., Di Stefano F., Mollo S., Scarlato P., Tecchiato V., Ellis B., Bachmann O., Ferlito C., 2019, Modeling the crystallization and emplacement conditions of a basaltic trachyandesitic sill at Mt. Etna volcano. Minerals, 9, 126, doi:10.3390/min9020126.
53. Ubide T., Mollo S., Zhao J.-X., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., 2019, Sector-zoned clinopyroxene as a recorder of magma history, eruption triggers, and ascent rates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 251, 265-283, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.02.021.
54. Di Piazza A., Vona A., Mollo S., De Astis G., Soto G.J., Romano C., 2019, Unsteady magma discharge during the “El Retiro” subplinian eruption (Turrialba volcano, Costa Rica): Insights from textural and petrological analyses. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 371, 101-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.01.004.
55. Di Stefano F., Mollo S., Blundy J., Scarlato P., Nazzari M., Bachmann O., 2019, The effect of CaO on the partitioning behavior of REE, Y and Sc between olivine and melt: Implications for basalt-carbonate interaction processes. Lithos 326–327, 327–340, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2018.12.019.
56. Forni F., Degruyter W., Bachmann O., De Astis G., Mollo S., 2018, Long-term magmatic evolution reveals the beginning of a new caldera cycle at Campi Flegrei. Science Advances 4 (11), eaat9401, doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat9401.
57. Perinelli C., Mollo S., Gaeta M., De Cristofaro S.P., Palladino D.M., Scarlato P., 2018, Impulsive Supply of Volatile-Rich Magmas in the Shallow Plumbing System of Mt. Etna Volcano. Minerals 8, 482, doi:10.3390/min8110482.
58. Di Stefano F., Mollo S., Scarlato P., Nazzari M., Bachmann O., Caruso M., 2018, Olivine compositional changes in primitive magmatic skarn environments: A reassessment of divalent cation partitioning models to quantify the effect of carbonate assimilation. Lithos 316-317, 104-121, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2018.07.008.
59. Mollo S., Blundy J., Scarlato P., De Cristofaro S.P., Tecchiato V., Di Stefano F., Vetere F., Holtz F., Bachmann O., 2018, An integrated P-T-H2O-lattice strain model to quantify the role of clinopyroxene fractionation on REE+Y and HFSE patterns of mafic alkaline magmas: Application to eruptions at Mt. Etna. Earth-Science Reviews, 185, 32-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.05.014.
60. Forni F., Petricca E., Bachmann O., Mollo S., De Astis G., Piochi M., 2018, The role of magma mixing/mingling and cumulate melting in the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff caldera- forming eruption (Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (2018) 173:45, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-018-1471-4.
61. Tecchiato V., Gaeta M., Mollo S., Bachmann O., von Quadt A., Scarlato P., 2018, Snapshots of primitive arc magma evolution recorded by clinopyroxene textural and compositional variations: The case of hybrid crystal-rich enclaves from Capo Marargiu Volcanic District (Sardinia, Italy). American Mineralogist, 103, 899-910. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2018- 6446.
62. Masotta M., Mollo S., Nazzari M., Tecchiato V., Scarlato P., Papale P., Bachmann O., 2018, Crystallization and partial melting of rhyolite and felsite rocks at Krafla volcano: A comparative approach based on mineral and glass chemistry of natural and experimental products. Chemical Geology, 483, 603-618, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.03.031.
63. Giacomoni P.P, Coltorti M., Mollo S., Ferlito C., Braiato M., Scarlato P., 2018, The 2011- 2012 paroxysmal eruptions at Mt. Etna volcano: Insights on the vertically zoned plumbing system, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 349, 370-391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.11.023.
64. Tecchiato V., Gaeta M., Mollo S., Scarlato P., Bachmann O., Perinelli C., 2018, Petrological constraints on the high-Mg basalts from Capo Marargiu (Sardinia, Italy): Evidences of cryptic amphibole fractionation in polybaric environments, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 349, 31-46, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.09.007.
65. Lanzafame G., Iezzi G., Mancini L., Lezzi F., Mollo S., Ferlito C., 2017, Solidification and Turbulence (Non-laminar) during Magma Ascent: Insights from 2D and 3D Analyses of Bubbles and Minerals in an Etnean Dyke, Journal of Petrology, 58, 1511–1533, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egx063.
66. Trippetta F., Carpenter B.M., Mollo S., Scuderi M.M., Scarlato P., Collettini C., 2017, Physical and Transport Property Variations Within Carbonate-Bearing Fault Zones: Insights From the Monte Maggio Fault (Central Italy), Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 18, 4027-4042. doi: 10.1002/2017GC007097.
67. Iezzi G., Elbrecht A.L., Davis M., Vetere F., Misiti V., Mollo S., Cavallo A., 2017, Glass stability (GS) of chemically complex (natural) sub-alkaline glasses, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 477, 21–30, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.09.047.
68. Mollo S., Tuccimei P., Galli G., Iezzi G., Scarlato P., 2017, The imprint of thermally-induced devolatilization phenomena on radon signal: Implications for the geochemical survey in volcanic areas, Geophysical Journal International, 211, 558-571, doi: 10.1093/gji/ggx314.
69. Mollo S., Vetere F., Beherens H., Tecchiato V., Langone A., Scarlato P., Perugini D., 2017, The effect of degassing and volatile exsolution on the composition of a trachybasaltic melt decompressed at slow and fast rates. Periodico di Mineralogia, 86, 185-197, doi: 10.2451/2017PM691.
70. Mollo S., Blundy, J.D., Giacomoni P., Nazzari M., Scarlato P., Coltorti M., Langone A., Andronico D., 2017, Clinopyroxene-melt element partitioning during interaction between trachybasaltic magma and siliceous crust: Clues from quartzite enclaves at Mt. Etna volcano. Lithos, 284–285, 447–461, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2017.05.003.
71. Di Piazza A., Del Bello E., Mollo S., Vona A., Alvarado G.E, Masotta M., 2017, Like a cannonball: origin of dense spherical basaltic ejecta. Bulletin of Volcanology 79: 37. doi: 10.1007.
72. Scarlato P., Mollo S., Del Bello E., von Quadt A., Richard J.B., Gutierrez, E.; Martinez- Hackert, B., Papale P., 2017, The 2013 eruption of Chaparrastique volcano (El Salvador): Effects of magma storage, mixing, and decompression. Chemical Geology, 448, 110-122, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.015.
73. Perinelli C., Mollo S., Gaeta M., De Cristofaro S. P., Palladino D. M., Armienti P., Scarlato P., Putirka K.D., 2016, An improved clinopyroxene-based hygrometer for Etnean magmas and implications for eruption triggering mechanisms, American Mineralogist, 101, 2774– 2777, doi: 10.2138/am-2016-5916.
74. Forni F., Bachmann O., Mollo S., De Astis G., Gelman S. E., Ellis B.S., 2016, The origin of a zoned ignimbrite: Insights into the Campanian Ignimbrite magma chamber (Campi Flegrei, Italy), Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 449, 259–271, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.003.
75. Mollo S., Forni F., Bachmann O., Blundy J. D., De Astis G., Scarlato P., 2016, Trace element partitioning between clinopyroxene and trachy-phonolitic melts: A case study from the Campanian ignimbrite (Campi Flegrei, Italy), Lithos, 252–253, 160–172, doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2016.02.024.
76. Deegan F.M., Troll V.R., Bédard J.H., Evenchick C.A., Dewing K., Grasby S., Geiger H., Freda C., Misiti V., Mollo S., 2016, The stiff upper LIP: Investigating the High Arctic Large Igneous Province, Geology Today, 32, 92-98, doi: 10.1111/gto.12138.
77. Masotta M., Mollo S., Gaeta M., Freda C., 2016, Melt extraction in mush zones: The case of crystal-rich enclaves at the Sabatini Volcanic District (central Italy), Lithos, 248–251, 288– 292, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2016.01.030.
78. Carpenter B. M., Mollo S., Viti C., Collettini C., 2015, Influence of calcite decarbonation on the frictional behavior of carbonate-bearing gouge: Implications for the instability of volcanic flanks and fault slip, Tectonophysics, 658, 128-136, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2015.07.015.
79. Mollo S., Giacomoni P.P., Andronico D., Scarlato P., 2015, Clinopyroxene and titanomagnetite cation redistributions at Mt. Etna volcano (Sicily, Italy): Footprints of the final solidification history of lava fountains and lava flows, Chemical Geology, 406, 45-54, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.04.017.
80. Tuccimei P., Mollo S., Soligo M., Scarlato P., Castelluccio M., 2015, Real-time setup to record radon emission during rock deformation: implications for geochemical surveillance, Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems, 4, 111-119, doi:10.5194/gi-4-111-2015.
81. Vetere F., Iezzi G., Behrens H., Holtz F., Ventura G., Misiti V., Cavallo A., Mollo S., Marcel D., 2015, Glass forming ability and crystallization behaviour of sub-alkaline silicate melts, Earth Science Reviews, 150, 25-44, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.07.001.
82. Vetere F., Mollo S., Giacomoni P.P., Iezzi G., Coltorti M., Ferlito C., Holtz F., Perugini D., Scarlato P.,2015, Experimental constraints on the origin of pahoehoe “cicirara” lavas at Mt. Etna Volcano (Sicily, Italy), Bulletin of Volcanology, 77:44, doi: 10.1007/s00445-015-0931- 1.
83. Petracchini L., Antonellini M., Billi A., Scrocca D., Trippetta F., Mollo S., 2015, Pressure solution inhibition in a limestone-chert composite multilayer: implications for the seismic cycle and fluid flow, Tectonophysics, 646, 96-105, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2015.02.005.
84. Mollo S., Masotta M., Forni F., Bachmann O., De Astis G., Moore G., Scarlato P., 2015, A K-feldspar-liquid hygrometer specific to alkaline differentiated magmas, Chemical Geology, 392, 1-8, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.11.010.
85. Mollo S., Giacomoni P.P., Coltorti M., Ferlito C., Iezzi G., Scarlato P., 2015, Reconstruction of magmatic variables governing recent Etnean eruptions: constraints from mineral chemistry and P-T-fO2-H2O modelling, Lithos, 212-215, 311-320, 10.1016/j.lithos.2014.11.020.
86. Smeraglia L., Trippetta F., Carminati E., Mollo S., 2014, Tectonic control on the petrophysical properties of foredeep sandstone in the Central Apennines, Italy, Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth, 119, 9077-9094, 10.1002/2014JB011221.
87. Collettini C., Carpenter B.M., Viti C., Cruciani F., Mollo S., Tesei T., Trippetta F., Valoroso L., Chiaraluce L., 2014, Fault structure and slip localization in carbonate-bearing normal faults: An example from the Northern Apennines of Italy, Journal of Structural Geology, 67, 154-166, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2014.07.017.
88. Del Bello E., Mollo S., Scarlato P., von Quadt A., Forni F., Bachmann O., 2014, New petrological constraints on the last eruptive phase of the Sabatini Volcanic District (central Italy): Clues from mineralogy, geochemistry, and Sr–Nd isotopes, Lithos, 205, 28-38, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2014.06.015.
89. Iezzi, G., Mollo, S., Shaini, E., Cavallo, A., Scarlato, P., 2014, The cooling kinetics of plagioclase revealed by electron microprobe mapping, American Mineralogist, 99, 898-907, http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2014.4626.
90. Scarlato P., Mollo S., Blundy J., Iezzi G., Tiepolo M., 2014, The role of natural solidification paths on REE partitioning between clinopyroxene and melt, Bulletin of Volcanology, 76:810, 10.1007/s00445-014-0810-1.
91. Collettini C., Di Stefano G., Carpenter B., Scarlato P., Tesei T., Mollo S., Trippetta F., Marone C., Romeo G., Chiaraluce L., 2014, A novel and versatile apparatus for brittle rock deformation, Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 66, 114-123, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2013.12.005.
92. Mollo S., Vona A., 2014, The geochemical evolution of clinopyroxene in the Roman Province: A window on decarbonation from wall-rocks to magma, Lithos, 192-195, 1-7, 10.1016/j.lithos.2014.01.009.
93. Mollo S., Masotta M., 2014, Optimizing pre-eruptive temperature estimates in thermally and chemically zoned magma chambers, Chemical Geology, 368, 97-103, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.01.007.
94. Gozzi F., Gaeta M., Freda C., Mollo S., Di Rocco T., Marra F., Dallai L., Pack A., 2014, Primary magmatic calcite reveals origin from crustal carbonate, Lithos, 190-191, 191-203, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2013.12.008.
95. Iezzi G., Caso C., Ventura G., Vallefuoco M., Cavallo A., Behrens H., Mollo S., Paltrinieri D., Signanini P., Vetere F., 2014, First documented deep submarine explosive eruptions at the Marsili Seamount (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): A case of historical volcanism in the Mediterranean Sea, Gondwana Research, 25, 764-775, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2013.11.001.
96. Mollo S., Blundy J., Scarlato P., Iezzi G., Langone A., 2013, The partitioning of trace elements between clinopyroxene and trachybasaltic melt during rapid cooling and crystal growth, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 166, 1633-1654, doi: 10.1007/s00410- 013-0946-6.
97. Mollo S., Heap M.J., Dingwell D.B., Hess K.-U., Iezzi G., Masotta M., Scarlato P., Vinciguerra S., 2013, Decarbonation and thermal microcracking under magmatic P-T-fCO2 conditions: the role of skarn substrata in promoting volcanic instability, Geophysical Journal International, 195, 369-380, doi: 10.1093/gji/ggt265.
98. Vetere F., Iezzi G., Behrens H., Cavallo A., Misiti V., Dietrich M., Knipping J, Ventura G., Mollo S., 2013, Intrinsic solidification behaviour of basaltic to rhyolitic melts: A cooling rate experimental study, Chemical Geology, 354, 233-242, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.06.007.
99. Masotta M., Mollo S., Freda C., Gaeta M., Moore G., 2013, Clinopyroxene–liquid thermometers and barometers specific to alkaline differentiated magmas, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 166, 1545-15-61, doi: 10.1007/s00410-013-0927-9.
100. Mollo S., Putirka K., Misiti V., Soligo M., Scarlato P., 2013, A new test for equilibrium based on clinopyroxene-melt pairs: Clues on the solidification temperatures of Etnean alkaline melts at post-eruptive conditions, Chemical Geology, 352, 92-100, doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.05.026.
101. Scarlato P., Tuccimei P., Mollo S., Soligo M., Castelluccio M., 2013, Contrasting radon background levels in volcanic settings: Clues from 220Rn activity concentrations measured during long-term deformation experiments, Bulletin of Volcanology, 75:751, doi: 10.1007/s00445-013-0751-0.
102. Collettini C., Viti C., Tesei, T., Mollo S., 2013, Thermal decomposition along natural carbonate faults during earthquakes, Geology, 41, 927-930, doi: 10.1130/G34421.1.
103. Mollo S., Scarlato P., Lanzafame G., Ferlito C., 2013, Deciphering lava flow post-eruption differentiation processes by means of geochemical and isotopic variations: A case study from Mt. Etna volcano, Lithos, 162-163, 115-127, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2012.12.020.
104. Lanzafame G., Mollo S., Iezzi G., Ferlito C., Ventura G., 2013, Unravelling the solidification path of a pahoehoe "cicirara" lava from Mount Etna volcano, Bulletin of Volcanology, 75, 703-719, 10.1007/s00445-013-0703-8.
105. Heap M.J., Mollo S., Vinciguerra S., Lavallée Y., Hess K.-U., Dingwell, D.B., Baud P., Iezzi G., 2013, Thermal weakening of the carbonate basement under Mt. Etna volcano (Italy): Implications for volcano instability, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 250, 42-60, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.10.004.
106. Mollo S., Putirka K., Iezzi G., Scarlato P., 2013, The control of cooling rate on titanomagnetite composition: Implications for a geospeedometry model applicable to alkaline rocks from Mt. Etna volcano, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 165, 457–475, doi: 10.1007/s00410-012-0817-6.
107. Mollo S., Heap M.J., Iezzi G., Hess K.-U., Scarlato P. Dingwell D.B., 2012, Volcanic edifice weakening via decarbonation: a self-limiting process? Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L15307, doi:10.1029/2012GL052613.
108. Di Rocco T., Gaeta M., Freda C., Mollo S., Dallai L., 2012, Magma chambers emplaced in carbonate substrate: Petrogenesis of skarn and cumulate rocks and implication on CO2- degassing in volcanic areas, Journal of Petrology, 53, 2307-2332, doi: 10.1093/petrology/EGS051.
109. Mollo S., Misiti V., Scarlato P., Soligo M., 2012, The role of cooling rate in the origin of high temperature phases at the chilled margin of magmatic intrusions, Chemical Geology, 322- 323, 28-46, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.05.029.
110. Collettini C., Chiaraluce L., Carpenter B., Di Stefano G., Tesei T., Mollo S., Scarlato P., Viti C., Marone C., Trippetta F., Barchi M., Valoroso L., Romeo G., 2012, The European Research Council Starting Grant GLASS: Infrastructure development and early results, Rendiconti Online Societa Geologica Italiana, 22, 62-64, ISSN: 20358008.
111. Mollo S., Iezzi G., Ventura G., Cavallo A., Scarlato P., 2012, Heterogeneous nucleation mechanisms and formation of metastable phase assemblages induced by different crystalline seeds in a rapidly cooled andesitic melt, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 358, 1624-1628, doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.04.010.
112. Mollo S., Lanzafame G., Masotta M., Iezzi G., Ferlito C., Scarlato P., 2011, Cooling history of a dike as revealed by mineral chemistry: A case study from Mt. Etna volcano, Chemical Geology, 283, 261–273, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.06.016.
113. Mollo S., Vinciguerra S., Iezzi G., Iarocci A., Scarlato P., Heap M.J., Dingwell D.B., 2011, Volcanic edifice weakening via devolatilization reactions, Geophysical Journal International, 186, 1073–1077, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05097.x.
114. Mollo S., Tuccimei P., Heap M.J., Vinciguerra S., Soligo M., Castelluccio M., Scarlato P., Dingwell D.B., 2011, Increase in radon emission due to rock failure: An experimental study, Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L14304, doi:10.1029/2011GL047962.
115. Mollo S., Putirka K., Iezzi G., Del Gaudio P., Scarlato P., 2011, Plagioclase-melt (dis)equilibrium due to cooling dynamics: implications for thermometry, barometry and hygrometry, Lithos, 125, 221-235, doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2011.02.008.
116. Iezzi G., Mollo S., Torresi G., Ventura G., Cavallo A., Scarlato P., 2011, Experimental solidification of an andesitic melt by cooling, Chemical Geology, 283, 261-273. 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.01.024.
117. Mollo S., Del Gaudio P., Ventura G., Iezzi G., Scarlato P., 2010, Dependence of clinopyroxene composition on cooling rate in basaltic magmas: Implications for thermobarometry. Lithos, 118, 302-312, doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2010.05.006.
118. Tuccimei P., Mollo S., Vinciguerra S., Castelluccio M., Soligo M., 2010, Radon and thoron emission from lithophysae-rich tuff under increasing deformation: An experimental study. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L05305, doi:10.10292009GL042134.
119. Mollo S., Misiti V., Scarlato P., 2010, Trace element behaviour during interaction between basalt and crustal rocks at 0.5-0.8 GPa: an experimental approach. Central European Journal of Geosciences, 2, 188-198, doi:10.2478/v10085-010-0008-5.
120. Del Gaudio P., Mollo S.,Ventura G., Iezzi G., Taddeucci I., Cavallo A., 2010, Cooling rate-induced differentiation in anhydrous and hydrous basalts at 500 MPa: Implications for the storage and transport of magmas in dikes. Chemical Geology, 270, 164-178, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.11.014.
121. Mollo, S., Gaeta, M., Freda, C., Di Rocco, T., Misiti, V., Scarlato, P., 2010, Carbonate assimilation in magmas: A reappraisal based on experimental petrology. Lithos, 114, 503- 514, doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2009.10.013.
122. Conte A.M., Dolfi D., Gaeta M., Misiti V., Mollo S., Perinelli C., 2009, Experimental constraints on evolution of leucite-basanite magma at 1 and 10-4 GPa: implications for parental compositions of Roman high-potassium magmas. European Journal of Mineralogy, 21, 763- 782, doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1934.
123. Iezzi G., Mollo S., Ventura G., Cavallo A., Romano C., 2008, Experimental solidification of anhydrous latitic and trachytic melts at different cooling rates: the role of nucleation kinetics. Chemical Geology, 253, 91-101, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.04.008.
124. Freda C., Gaeta M., Misiti V., Mollo S., Dolfi D., Scarlato P., 2008, Magma-carbonate interaction: an experimental study on ultrapotassic rocks from Alban Hills (Central Italy). Lithos, 101, 397-415, doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2007.08.008.
125. Dolfi D., De Rita D., Cimarelli C., Mollo S., Soligo M., Fabbri M., 2007, Dome growth rates, eruption frequency and assessment of volcanic hazard: Insights from new U/Th dating of the Panarea and Basiluzzo dome lavas and pyroclastics, Aeolian Islands, Italy. Quaternary International, 162-163, 182-194, doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.05.035.
126. Giordano, G., De Benedetti A.A., Diana A., Diano G., Gaudioso F., Marasco F., Miceli M., Mollo S., Cas R.A.F., Funiciello R., 2006, The Colli Albani caldera (Roma, Italy): stratigraphy, structure and petrology. In RAF Cas and G. Giordano (eds), Explosive Mafic Volcanism, Journal Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Spec. Vol., 155, 49-80, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.02.009.