Nursing REPLICA G - ASL ROMA 5 - COLLEFERRO (RM)

Introduction to General Pathology and Pathophysiology: definitions, health and disease states, pathological manifestations, etiology and pathogenesis. Cellular Pathology: mechanisms of cellular adaptation (hypertrophy, hypotrophy, and metaplasia); cellular injury (physical, chemical, biological causes and mechanisms); cell death (necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, and tissue degeneration). Repair Processes: regeneration and repair (differences and mechanisms), repair through regeneration, scarring (phases of scar formation, factors influencing wound healing), angiogenesis, cutaneous wound healing and fibrosis, pathological aspects of repair (keloids, contractures, dehiscence), stem cells and regenerative medicine. Immunology and Immunopathology: the immune system, strategies for modulating the immune response (vaccines, seroprophylaxis, immunosuppression). Immunodeficiencies, autoimmunity, hypersensitivity. Inflammatory Processes: general characteristics, acute inflammation, vascular and cellular responses, phagocytosis, morphological patterns of acute inflammation, chronic inflammation (causes, features, involved cells), granulomatous inflammation. Systemic manifestations of inflammation: fever, leukocytosis, acute-phase proteins. Thermoregulation and hyperthermia (febrile and non-febrile). Genetic Diseases: inheritance of genetic disorders, biochemical and molecular basis of monogenic diseases, Marfan syndrome, familial hypercholesterolemia. Multifactorial diseases (diabetes mellitus), monogenic diseases with atypical inheritance (Fragile X syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome). Cancer: definitions, classification, nomenclature of benign and malignant tumors, epidemiology. Molecular basis of neoplasms: oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes; cancer-causing mutations. Hallmarks of cancer. Clinical aspects of neoplasms: cachexia and paraneoplastic syndromes, cancer grading and staging.

Students are expected to possess a solid foundational knowledge of general biology, with particular emphasis on cell structure and function, basic molecular mechanisms, genetics, histology, and the physiology of major organ systems. These competencies are essential for understanding pathological processes, functional alterations, and compensatory mechanisms that will be explored throughout the course.

Pontieri, Giuseppe M. “Elementi di Patologia Generale e Fisiopatologia Generale”, 4th edition, Piccin. Robbins e Cotran “Le basi patologiche delle malattie”, 10th edition, Edra.

The course is delivered through teacher-led lectures, supported by digital audiovisual materials. Each lecture includes a dedicated section for guided question-solving and exam-style simulations, carried out also through interactive online platforms (e.g., Mentimeter). This approach aims to reinforce the topics covered and encourage the practical application of acquired knowledge.

Attendance is required.

Learning will be assessed through a written exam, consisting of multiple-choice questions (each with four answer options, only one of which is correct). The final grade will be expressed on a scale of thirty. The time allocated for completing the exam is 60 minutes.

Frontal lectures