Physiotherapy

Course Introduction. The state of health and its alterations: Concept of homeostasis. Adaptation. Definition of disease. Definition of Etiology and Pathogenesis. Genetic pathology: Concept of gene mutation. Genotype. Phenotype. Hereditary or genetic diseases. Non-hereditary congenital diseases or prenatal developmental diseases. Cellular pathology: Causes of damage. Reversible and irreversible damage. Cellular responses to damage. Morphology of cell damage. Necrosis. Apoptosis. Cell adaptation: Concept of cellular stress. Atrophy. Hypertrophy. Hyperplasia. Dysplasia. Metaplasia. The inflammatory process: 1. Angioflogosis: phases and evolution of the inflammatory process. Participating cells. Definition of Exudate: formation and types. Cellular mediators of inflammation. Leukocyte diapedesis. Adhesion molecules. Chemotaxis. Phagocytosis. 2. Istoflogosis: phases and evolution of the inflammatory process. Mediators. Definition of granuloma. Fever: Thermoregulation mechanisms. Pathogenesis of fever. Pyrogen action. Classification. Non-febrile hyperthermia. The reparative process: Regeneration and connective reintegration. Repair of dermal-epidermal wounds. Axonal regeneration. The repair of bone fractures. Neoplasia: Introduction to the study of tumors. The neoplastic cell: morphology and characteristics. Definition and classification of neoplasms. Benign and malignant tumors. Invasion and Metastasis. Mutation, promotion and progression concepts. Cell proliferation and tumor progression.

Pontieri. General Pathology - PICCIN publisher Lakhani and colleagues. Le basi della patologia generale - Casa Editrice Ambrosiana (Zanichelli) Publisher Educational material provided during the course and uploaded as PDF files on the E-learning platform.