Cardiocirculatory and Cardiovascular Perfusion techniques

Definition of drug. Pharmacodynamics: Drug-Receptor binding. Dose-response curves, efficacy, potency, EC50, ED50. Intrinsic activity, agonists, partial agonists, competitive antagonists and non-competitive antagonist. Mechanisms of action of drugs active on the cardiovascular and renal systems. General principles of pharmacokinetics. Routes od administrations. ADME. Area under the curve (AUC), Cmax, tmax. Total clearance, volume of distribution, half-life. Bioavailability.

To understand the contents of the didactic activities, the student is recommended to possess knowledge of physiology and biochemistry. It is also important to possess knowledge of human anatomy

Clementi F., Fumagalli G.: Farmacologia Generale e Molecolare – V Edition Edra

Mandatory

The achievement of the learning outcomes by the student is evaluated through an oral exam. Then following aspects will be evaluated and will contribute to the final score of the exam: the specific preparation of the student on the different course topics, the reasoning and judgment skills, and the ability to communicate with an appropriate technical language. The duration of the oral exam may vary depending on the student's skills. An average duration of about 20 minutes is conceivable. The exam will take place according to pre-established dates that are published on the Infostud and e-learning platforms. It can be postponed, should the students ask for that, of 7 or 15 days with respect to the published date. To pass the exam, the student must demonstrate acquired knowledge in both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Grades will be divided as follows: 18 = sufficient knowledge; 19-23 = fair knowledge; 24-27 = good knowledge; 28-30 = excellent knowledge; 30 with laude = outstanding knowledge.

The teaching method mainly includes lectures that involve the use of power point, databases (e.g. PubMed) and projections of short movies related to pharmacological issues that can stimulate the critical sense. All these tools will be used to promote interactive discussions in the classroom. The lectures will address a large part of the topics included in the program, focusing in particular on topics more difficult for the student to understand and suggesting links between the various topics of the program that can help the student to deal with the study even independently.