Industrial pharmacy

The structure of nucleic acids: The discovery of DNA: historical perspectives. Nucleosides and nucleotides. Primary and secondary structures of DNA. Alternative forms of the double helix (A, B, Z). Properties of DNA; hypercromic effect. Tertiary structure of DNA: DNA supercoiling. Topoisomerases. Sequencing and synthesis of oligonucleotides. The organization of the genome: from nucleotides to chromatin. The project genome; sequenced genomes. Prokaryotic genome. Structure and organization of the eukaryotic genome, gene families. The bacterial genome. The plasmids. Bacteriophages. DNA viruses. The mitochondrial DNA. RNA genomes. Chromatin structure: the nucleosome, the 10 nm fiber, the 30-nm fiber. Chromatin remodeling. Euchromatin and heterochromatin. The structure of RNA: secondary and tertiary structure of RNA. Biological functions of the different types of RNA. Catalytic RNAs. The ribozymes. The RNA world. DNA replication: semi-conservative replication of DNA. Mechanism of DNA replication in prokaryotes and in eukaryotic cells: initiation, elongation and terminatio; proteins and enzymes involved in replication. Telomere maintenance: the role of telomerase in DNA replication, aging and cancer. The mechanisms of DNA repair and recombination: mutations. Classification of DNA damage; replication errors; repair systems. Homologous recombinatio; site-specific repair and transposition of DNA The transcription in prokaryotes: the mechanisms of transcription. The structure of bacterial promoters. The structure of bacterial RNA polymerase. Regulation of the lactose operon (lac). The transcriptional attenuation of the tryptophan operon. The transcription in eukaryotes: the components of the general transcription machinery. The structure of RNA polymerase II. The mechanism of transcription by RNA polymerase II. The general framework of transcriptional regulation. The transcription factors. DNA binding domains and motifs in protein; regulation of transcription; coactivators and co-repressors. The assembly of the transcription complex. The model of enhanceosome. The modification of RNA: RNA splicing. Introns capable of autosplicing (group I and II); assisted splicing, spliceosome. The modifications to 5 'and 3' ends of mRNA. Alternative splicing. RNA editing. The transport of mRNA. Translation: The genetic code. Structure and assembly of ribosomes. The biogenesis of ribosomes. The aminoacyl-tRNA sintetasi. Loading of aminoacil-tRNA. The proofreading activity of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Translation beginning, initiatition factors. Elongation. Peptide bond formation and traslocatio. Termination. The translation in eukaryotes. Translational and post-translational control. Regulatory RNAs: post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs. The turnover of RNA in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Epigenetic: histone modification (methylation and acetylation). DNA methylation. CpG islands. Chromatin remodeling. The imprinting. X chromosome inactivation Transposons and retrotransposons. Molecular Biology Techniques: human genome project. Classes of restriction endonucleases. The technology of recombinant DNA and molecular cloning. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Recombinant protein production in becteria, animal and plants. Genetic modified organisms (GMO) and their generation.. RNA antisense and RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi therapy. Analysis of DNA-protein interactions; chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Analysis of protein-protein interactions

To better understand the contents of Molecular Biology and to achieve the learning objectives, the knowledge of organic chemistry and biology is fundamental, as well as those of the biochemistry taught in the first years of the degree course in CTF.

Cox, Doudn, O’Donnell BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Zanichelli Amaldi, Benedetti, Pesole - Plevani BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Casa Editrice Ambrosiana Watson, Baker, Bell, Gann, Levine, Losick BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE DEL GENE Zanichelli

Although optional, the teacher advises an active frequency for the achievement of the educational objectives of the course.

Talk at the end of the course aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of basic molecular biology. To pass the exam, the student must demonstrate that he or she has at least acquired sufficient knowledge of the structure of the nucleic acids and of the cellular processes involving them (replication, transcription and translation). To achieve scores above the minimum the student must demonstrate a greater degree of knowledge of all the topics covered in the course and be able to connect them in a logical andconsistent way, with language properties.

Lessons in class for 64 hours according to the schedule defined by the Board of the Study Course, of which 40 provided by the teacher Fabio Altieri.

The structure of nucleic acids: The discovery of DNA: historical perspectives. Nucleosides and nucleotides. Primary and secondary structures of DNA. Alternative forms of the double helix (A, B, Z). Properties of DNA; hypercromic effect. Tertiary structure of DNA: DNA supercoiling. Topoisomerases. Sequencing and synthesis of oligonucleotides. The organization of the genome: from nucleotides to chromatin. The project genome; sequenced genomes. Prokaryotic genome. Structure and organization of the eukaryotic genome, gene families. The bacterial genome. The plasmids. Bacteriophages. DNA viruses. The mitochondrial DNA. RNA genomes. Chromatin structure: the nucleosome, the 10 nm fiber, the 30-nm fiber. Chromatin remodeling. Euchromatin and heterochromatin. The structure of RNA: secondary and tertiary structure of RNA. Biological functions of the different types of RNA. Catalytic RNAs. The ribozymes. The RNA world. DNA replication: semi-conservative replication of DNA. Mechanism of DNA replication in prokaryotes and in eukaryotic cells: initiation, elongation and terminatio; proteins and enzymes involved in replication. Telomere maintenance: the role of telomerase in DNA replication, aging and cancer. The mechanisms of DNA repair and recombination: mutations. Classification of DNA damage; replication errors; repair systems. Homologous recombinatio; site-specific repair and transposition of DNA The transcription in prokaryotes: the mechanisms of transcription. The structure of bacterial promoters. The structure of bacterial RNA polymerase. Regulation of the lactose operon (lac). The transcriptional attenuation of the tryptophan operon. The transcription in eukaryotes: the components of the general transcription machinery. The structure of RNA polymerase II. The mechanism of transcription by RNA polymerase II. The general framework of transcriptional regulation. The transcription factors. DNA binding domains and motifs in protein; regulation of transcription; coactivators and co-repressors. The assembly of the transcription complex. The model of enhanceosome. The modification of RNA: RNA splicing. Introns capable of autosplicing (group I and II); assisted splicing, spliceosome. The modifications to 5 'and 3' ends of mRNA. Alternative splicing. RNA editing. The transport of mRNA. Translation: The genetic code. Structure and assembly of ribosomes. The biogenesis of ribosomes. The aminoacyl-tRNA sintetasi. Loading of aminoacil-tRNA. The proofreading activity of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Translation beginning, initiatition factors. Elongation. Peptide bond formation and traslocatio. Termination. The translation in eukaryotes. Translational and post-translational control. Regulatory RNAs: post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs. The turnover of RNA in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Epigenetic: histone modification (methylation and acetylation). DNA methylation. CpG islands. Chromatin remodeling. The imprinting. X chromosome inactivation Transposons and retrotransposons. Molecular Biology Techniques: human genome project. Classes of restriction endonucleases. The technology of recombinant DNA and molecular cloning. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Recombinant protein production in becteria, animal and plants. Genetic modified organisms (GMO) and their generation.. RNA antisense and RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi therapy. Analysis of DNA-protein interactions; chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Analysis of protein-protein interactions

To better understand the contents of Molecular Biology and to achieve the learning objectives, the knowledge of organic chemistry and biology is fundamental, as well as those of the biochemistry taught in the first years of the degree course in CTF.

Cox, Doudn, O’Donnell BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Zanichelli Amaldi, Benedetti, Pesole - Plevani BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Casa Editrice Ambrosiana Watson, Baker, Bell, Gann, Levine, Losick BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE DEL GENE Zanichelli

Although optional, the teacher advises an active frequency for the achievement of the educational objectives of the course.

Talk at the end of the course aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of basic molecular biology. To pass the exam, the student must demonstrate that he or she has at least acquired sufficient knowledge of the structure of the nucleic acids and of the cellular processes involving them (replication, transcription and translation). To achieve scores above the minimum the student must demonstrate a greater degree of knowledge of all the topics covered in the course and be able to connect them in a logical andconsistent way, with language properties.

Lessons in class for 64 hours according to the schedule defined by the Board of the Study Course, of which 40 provided by the teacher Fabio Altieri.

The structure of nucleic acids: The discovery of DNA: historical perspectives. Nucleosides and nucleotides. Primary and secondary structures of DNA. Alternative forms of the double helix (A, B, Z). Properties of DNA; hypercromic effect. Tertiary structure of DNA: DNA supercoiling. Topoisomerases. Sequencing and synthesis of oligonucleotides. The organization of the genome: from nucleotides to chromatin. The project genome; sequenced genomes. Prokaryotic genome. Structure and organization of the eukaryotic genome, gene families. The bacterial genome. The plasmids. Bacteriophages. DNA viruses. The mitochondrial DNA. RNA genomes. Chromatin structure: the nucleosome, the 10 nm fiber, the 30-nm fiber. Chromatin remodeling. Euchromatin and heterochromatin. The structure of RNA: secondary and tertiary structure of RNA. Biological functions of the different types of RNA. Catalytic RNAs. The ribozymes. The RNA world. DNA replication: semi-conservative replication of DNA. Mechanism of DNA replication in prokaryotes and in eukaryotic cells: initiation, elongation and terminatio; proteins and enzymes involved in replication. Telomere maintenance: the role of telomerase in DNA replication, aging and cancer. The mechanisms of DNA repair and recombination: mutations. Classification of DNA damage; replication errors; repair systems. Homologous recombinatio; site-specific repair and transposition of DNA The transcription in prokaryotes: the mechanisms of transcription. The structure of bacterial promoters. The structure of bacterial RNA polymerase. Regulation of the lactose operon (lac). The transcriptional attenuation of the tryptophan operon. The transcription in eukaryotes: the components of the general transcription machinery. The structure of RNA polymerase II. The mechanism of transcription by RNA polymerase II. The general framework of transcriptional regulation. The transcription factors. DNA binding domains and motifs in protein; regulation of transcription; coactivators and co-repressors. The assembly of the transcription complex. The model of enhanceosome. The modification of RNA: RNA splicing. Introns capable of autosplicing (group I and II); assisted splicing, spliceosome. The modifications to 5 'and 3' ends of mRNA. Alternative splicing. RNA editing. The transport of mRNA. Translation: The genetic code. Structure and assembly of ribosomes. The biogenesis of ribosomes. The aminoacyl-tRNA sintetasi. Loading of aminoacil-tRNA. The proofreading activity of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Translation beginning, initiatition factors. Elongation. Peptide bond formation and traslocatio. Termination. The translation in eukaryotes. Translational and post-translational control. Regulatory RNAs: post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs. The turnover of RNA in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Epigenetic: histone modification (methylation and acetylation). DNA methylation. CpG islands. Chromatin remodeling. The imprinting. X chromosome inactivation Transposons and retrotransposons. Molecular Biology Techniques: human genome project. Classes of restriction endonucleases. The technology of recombinant DNA and molecular cloning. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Recombinant protein production in becteria, animal and plants. Genetic modified organisms (GMO) and their generation.. RNA antisense and RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi therapy. Analysis of DNA-protein interactions; chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Analysis of protein-protein interactions

To better understand the contents of Molecular Biology and to achieve the learning objectives. The knowledge of organic chemistry and biology is fundamental, as well as those of the biochemistry taught in the first years of the degree course in CTF

Cox, Doudn, O’Donnell BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Zanichelli Amaldi, Benedetti, Pesole - Plevani BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Casa Editrice Ambrosiana Watson, Baker, Bell, Gann, Levine, Losick BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE DEL GENE Zanichelli 2

Lessons in class for 72 hours according to the schedule defined by the Board of the Study Course, of which 24 provided by the teacher Silvia Chichiarelli. DNA, RNA structure and genomes (10 hours) DNA replication (8 hours) DNA Damage and Repair mechanisms (8 hours) Recombination (4 hours) DNA transcription (12 hours) RNA modification and Function (5 hours) Protein synthesis and degradation (10 hours) Molecular biology techniques (7 hours) GMO (4 hours) Repetition and consolidation (4 hours)

No attendance required

Talk at the end of the course aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of basic molecular biology. To pass the exam, the student must demonstrate that he or she has at least acquired sufficient knowledge of the structure of the nucleic acids and of the cellular processes involving them (replication, transcription and translation). To achieve scores above the minimum the student must demonstrate a greater degree of knowledge of all the topics covered in the course and be able to connect them in a logical andconsistent way, with language properties. For awarding the 30/30 with honors, the student will have to excel in all the categories of the assessment.

Lessons in class for 72 hours according to the schedule defined by the Board of the Study Course, of which 24 provided by the teacher Silvia Chichiarelli. DNA, RNA structure and genomes (10 hours) DNA replication (8 hours) DNA Damage and Repair mechanisms (8 hours) Recombination (4 hours) DNA transcription (12 hours) RNA modification and Function (5 hours) Protein synthesis and degradation (10 hours) Molecular biology techniques (7 hours) GMO (4 hours) Repetition and consolidation (4 hours)

The structure of nucleic acids: The discovery of DNA: historical perspectives. Nucleosides and nucleotides. Primary and secondary structures of DNA. Alternative forms of the double helix (A, B, Z). Properties of DNA; hypercromic effect. Tertiary structure of DNA: DNA supercoiling. Topoisomerases. Sequencing and synthesis of oligonucleotides. The organization of the genome: from nucleotides to chromatin. The project genome; sequenced genomes. Prokaryotic genome. Structure and organization of the eukaryotic genome, gene families. The bacterial genome. The plasmids. Bacteriophages. DNA viruses. The mitochondrial DNA. RNA genomes. Chromatin structure: the nucleosome, the 10 nm fiber, the 30-nm fiber. Chromatin remodeling. Euchromatin and heterochromatin. The structure of RNA: secondary and tertiary structure of RNA. Biological functions of the different types of RNA. Catalytic RNAs. The ribozymes. The RNA world. DNA replication: semi-conservative replication of DNA. Mechanism of DNA replication in prokaryotes and in eukaryotic cells: initiation, elongation and terminatio; proteins and enzymes involved in replication. Telomere maintenance: the role of telomerase in DNA replication, aging and cancer. The mechanisms of DNA repair and recombination: mutations. Classification of DNA damage; replication errors; repair systems. Homologous recombinatio; site-specific repair and transposition of DNA The transcription in prokaryotes: the mechanisms of transcription. The structure of bacterial promoters. The structure of bacterial RNA polymerase. Regulation of the lactose operon (lac). The transcriptional attenuation of the tryptophan operon. The transcription in eukaryotes: the components of the general transcription machinery. The structure of RNA polymerase II. The mechanism of transcription by RNA polymerase II. The general framework of transcriptional regulation. The transcription factors. DNA binding domains and motifs in protein; regulation of transcription; coactivators and co-repressors. The assembly of the transcription complex. The model of enhanceosome. The modification of RNA: RNA splicing. Introns capable of autosplicing (group I and II); assisted splicing, spliceosome. The modifications to 5 'and 3' ends of mRNA. Alternative splicing. RNA editing. The transport of mRNA. Translation: The genetic code. Structure and assembly of ribosomes. The biogenesis of ribosomes. The aminoacyl-tRNA sintetasi. Loading of aminoacil-tRNA. The proofreading activity of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Translation beginning, initiatition factors. Elongation. Peptide bond formation and traslocatio. Termination. The translation in eukaryotes. Translational and post-translational control. Regulatory RNAs: post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs. The turnover of RNA in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Epigenetic: histone modification (methylation and acetylation). DNA methylation. CpG islands. Chromatin remodeling. The imprinting. X chromosome inactivation Transposons and retrotransposons. Molecular Biology Techniques: human genome project. Classes of restriction endonucleases. The technology of recombinant DNA and molecular cloning. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Recombinant protein production in becteria, animal and plants. Genetic modified organisms (GMO) and their generation.. RNA antisense and RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi therapy. Analysis of DNA-protein interactions; chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Analysis of protein-protein interactions

To better understand the contents of Molecular Biology and to achieve the learning objectives. The knowledge of organic chemistry and biology is fundamental, as well as those of the biochemistry taught in the first years of the degree course in CTF

Cox, Doudn, O’Donnell BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Zanichelli Amaldi, Benedetti, Pesole - Plevani BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE Casa Editrice Ambrosiana Watson, Baker, Bell, Gann, Levine, Losick BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE DEL GENE Zanichelli 2

Lessons in class for 72 hours according to the schedule defined by the Board of the Study Course, of which 24 provided by the teacher Silvia Chichiarelli. DNA, RNA structure and genomes (10 hours) DNA replication (8 hours) DNA Damage and Repair mechanisms (8 hours) Recombination (4 hours) DNA transcription (12 hours) RNA modification and Function (5 hours) Protein synthesis and degradation (10 hours) Molecular biology techniques (7 hours) GMO (4 hours) Repetition and consolidation (4 hours)

No attendance required

Talk at the end of the course aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of basic molecular biology. To pass the exam, the student must demonstrate that he or she has at least acquired sufficient knowledge of the structure of the nucleic acids and of the cellular processes involving them (replication, transcription and translation). To achieve scores above the minimum the student must demonstrate a greater degree of knowledge of all the topics covered in the course and be able to connect them in a logical andconsistent way, with language properties. For awarding the 30/30 with honors, the student will have to excel in all the categories of the assessment.

Lessons in class for 72 hours according to the schedule defined by the Board of the Study Course, of which 24 provided by the teacher Silvia Chichiarelli. DNA, RNA structure and genomes (10 hours) DNA replication (8 hours) DNA Damage and Repair mechanisms (8 hours) Recombination (4 hours) DNA transcription (12 hours) RNA modification and Function (5 hours) Protein synthesis and degradation (10 hours) Molecular biology techniques (7 hours) GMO (4 hours) Repetition and consolidation (4 hours)