BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Course objectives

General expected learning outcomes The objective of the Bioinorganic Chemistry course is to teach the role of inorganic elements in biological, environmental, and pharmaceutical processes. This discipline utilizes tools and deepens concepts borrowed from the fields of chemistry, physics, biology, and medicine. Specific expected learning outcomes 1. Knowledge and understanding The student will learn about the selection, accumulation, transport, and storage of inorganic elements in organisms, particularly metal ions, and will understand the reaction mechanisms at the molecular level in which they participate in numerous physio-pathological processes. Specifically, concepts related to coordination chemistry principles; the selection, absorption, and organization of metal-containing units in biology; the toxic effects of inorganic elements, including Mercury, Chromium, Arsenic, Lead; the structure and functions of the heme unit; the properties of Iron and Copper in oxygen-carrying proteins; the role of Zinc in hydrolytic enzymes; metal-mediated enzymatic atom and electron transfer reactions; inorganic elements in drugs; and the toxic and therapeutic potential of small molecules (NO, CO, H2S) are described and discussed. 2. Applying knowledge and understanding At the end of the course, the student will know the main roles played by inorganic elements and metals in biology and medicine and will be able to discuss their importance in the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. 3. Making judgements The lectures will be interactive with questions and prompts aimed at stimulating attention, making connections, and encouraging critical considerations based on already acquired concepts and tools. The goal is to rework the learned notions and material obtained from bibliographic research in international journals and specialist texts in a clear and synthetic manner. 4. Communication skills To this end, the course includes the development of a monographic theme by each student and the related oral presentation in the presence of colleagues and potentially other interested parties. 5. Learning skills The student will be able to study and deepen the topics covered in the lectures using the material provided by the lecturer on the e-learning platform (slides; scientific articles and reviews) and consulting the recommended textbooks (some copies are available in the Department library).

Channel 1
DAVIDE CORINTI Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
Introduction to Bioinorganic Chemistry. Presence, availability and functions of inorganic elements in living organisms. Essential elements in biology. Dose-response diagram. Principles of coordination chemistry. Thermodynamic aspects. Theory of hard and soft acids and bases. Chelation effect. Irvin-Williams series. pKa of metal-coordinated ligands. Ligand field theory. Kinetic aspects. Rate of exchange of ligands. Electron transfer reactions. Biological ligands for metal ions. Coordination geometries and electronic structure of bio-inorganic complexes. Entatic state in enzymatic catalysis. Tetrapyrrole and macrocyclic ligands. Ionophores. Selection, absorption and organization of metal-containing units in biology. Natural and synthetic siderophores. Enrichment strategies. Control and use of metal ion concentrations in cells. Beneficial and toxic effects of metal ions. Regulation of a beneficial metal, iron. Transferrin. An example of a toxic metal, mercury. Generation and use of gradients of metal ion concentrations. Membrane potential. Pumps and ion channels. Acetylcholine receptor. Sodium channel. Activation of substrates by nonredox mechanisms. Carboxypeptidase A and Thermolysin. Mechanism of action of alkaline phosphatase. Example of lyase: carbonic anhydrase. Example of oxidoreductase: alcohol dehydrogenase. Oxygen transport: hemoglobin and myoglobin. Reactions of transfer of oxygen atom. Monooxygenase. Cytochrome P-450. Tyrosinase. Methane oxygenase. Model systems. Metal protective enzymes: Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase. Catalysis. Peroxidase. Iron storage mechanisms. Ferritin and hemosiderin. cis-Platinum; Platinum-Rhodium bimetallic complexes; Platinum complexes (IV). Cobalamines: organometallic complexes that encapsulate Cobalt. Advanced mass spectrometric techniques for the study of bioinorganic species. Metal ions in radiopharmaceuticals: selection and production of radionuclides for applications in diagnostics and therapy. Therapeutic agents containing gold.
Prerequisites
A basic knowledge of the main concepts learned during the courses of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Biology and Biochemistry is recommended.
Books
1) W. Kaim, B. Schwederski, A. Klein. "Bioinorganic Chemistry: Inorganic Elements in the Chemistry of Life Second edition, Wiley 2) I. Bertini, H. G. Gray, E. I. Stiefel, J. S. Valentine. "Biological Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Reactivity" University Science Books
Frequency
Attendance at the course is recommended.
Exam mode
The final exam consists in the preparation, presentation of a ppt document and discussion of a topic chosen by the student from recent scientific literature.
Lesson mode
The course includes lessons relating to the topics listed in the program; analysis and discussion of recent scientific publications on Bioinorganic Chemistry on topics proposed by the teacher; in-depth study of "state of art" instrumental techniques for the study of Bioinorganic Chemistry. The learning material (slides presented during classes and scientific articles discussed) is available on the e-learning page of the course: https://elearning.uniroma1.it/course/view.php?id=905 At that link, the student can also find: the program of the course and the recommended textbooks, office hours, lesson time, and the links for the lessons.
DAVIDE CORINTI Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
Introduction to Bioinorganic Chemistry. Presence, availability and functions of inorganic elements in living organisms. Essential elements in biology. Dose-response diagram. Principles of coordination chemistry. Thermodynamic aspects. Theory of hard and soft acids and bases. Chelation effect. Irvin-Williams series. pKa of metal-coordinated ligands. Ligand field theory. Kinetic aspects. Rate of exchange of ligands. Electron transfer reactions. Biological ligands for metal ions. Coordination geometries and electronic structure of bio-inorganic complexes. Entatic state in enzymatic catalysis. Tetrapyrrole and macrocyclic ligands. Ionophores. Selection, absorption and organization of metal-containing units in biology. Natural and synthetic siderophores. Enrichment strategies. Control and use of metal ion concentrations in cells. Beneficial and toxic effects of metal ions. Regulation of a beneficial metal, iron. Transferrin. An example of a toxic metal, mercury. Generation and use of gradients of metal ion concentrations. Membrane potential. Pumps and ion channels. Acetylcholine receptor. Sodium channel. Activation of substrates by nonredox mechanisms. Carboxypeptidase A and Thermolysin. Mechanism of action of alkaline phosphatase. Example of lyase: carbonic anhydrase. Example of oxidoreductase: alcohol dehydrogenase. Oxygen transport: hemoglobin and myoglobin. Reactions of transfer of oxygen atom. Monooxygenase. Cytochrome P-450. Tyrosinase. Methane oxygenase. Model systems. Metal protective enzymes: Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase. Catalysis. Peroxidase. Iron storage mechanisms. Ferritin and hemosiderin. cis-Platinum; Platinum-Rhodium bimetallic complexes; Platinum complexes (IV). Cobalamines: organometallic complexes that encapsulate Cobalt. Advanced mass spectrometric techniques for the study of bioinorganic species. Metal ions in radiopharmaceuticals: selection and production of radionuclides for applications in diagnostics and therapy. Therapeutic agents containing gold.
Prerequisites
A basic knowledge of the main concepts learned during the courses of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Biology and Biochemistry is recommended.
Books
1) W. Kaim, B. Schwederski, A. Klein. "Bioinorganic Chemistry: Inorganic Elements in the Chemistry of Life Second edition, Wiley 2) I. Bertini, H. G. Gray, E. I. Stiefel, J. S. Valentine. "Biological Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Reactivity" University Science Books
Frequency
Attendance at the course is recommended.
Exam mode
The final exam consists in the preparation, presentation of a ppt document and discussion of a topic chosen by the student from recent scientific literature.
Lesson mode
The course includes lessons relating to the topics listed in the program; analysis and discussion of recent scientific publications on Bioinorganic Chemistry on topics proposed by the teacher; in-depth study of "state of art" instrumental techniques for the study of Bioinorganic Chemistry. The learning material (slides presented during classes and scientific articles discussed) is available on the e-learning page of the course: https://elearning.uniroma1.it/course/view.php?id=905 At that link, the student can also find: the program of the course and the recommended textbooks, office hours, lesson time, and the links for the lessons.
  • Lesson code1026798
  • Academic year2025/2026
  • CourseIndustrial pharmacy
  • CurriculumSingle curriculum
  • Year5th year
  • Semester1st semester
  • SSDCHIM/03
  • CFU6