PHYSICS AND STATISTIC PRINCIPLES

Course objectives

General expected learning outcomes The Physics course aims to provide the student with a solid knowledge of the basis of the various branches (mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism) that constitute the so-called "classical physics." More generally, the student will learn to develop models and schemes based on appropriate simplifications and schematizations of a given physical system, allowing them to analyze and predict the system's behavior using mathematical tools. Such skills, together with the notions of statistics provided during the course, will be extremely useful to the student in his future academic and professional career. Specific expected learning outcomes 1. Knowledge and understanding The student will learn the foundations of classical mechanics (kinematics, the three laws of Newton, conservation of energy and momentum, collisions, angular momentum, harmonic motion and waves, fluid dynamics), thermodynamics (temperature and the kinetic theory of gases, specific and latent heat, work, the first and the second law of thermodynamics, thermodynamic transformations) and electromagnetism (charge, field and electric potential, Coulomb's law, Gauss's theorem, electric current, magnetic field, Lorentz's force, Biot-Savart's law, Ampere's theorem, Maxwell's equations, and electromagnetic waves. In addition, the course will provide the student with the mathematical and conceptual skills necessary for a deeper understanding of the subjects under study, including essential elements of statistics. At the end of the course, the student will have acquired a good knowledge of both conceptual and applicative aspects of physics, including notions of statistics. 2. Applying knowledge and understanding Classical physics skills learned in the course—which can't be missing in the training baggage of anyone aspiring to a career in a scientific field— will go beyond mere notionism. In particular, every student will have to acquire and develop the tools, including statistical and probabilistic tools, necessary to apply what has been learned to the modeling and analysis of simple physical systems. This skill will be continually honed and tested through carrying out exercises, which will be proposed during the lessons and that will later constitute the written exam test. The latter, together with the oral exam described in point (4), will allow for an adequate and complete assessment of the level of skills achieved by the student. 3. Making judgements The course aims, above all, to develop in the student the ability to critically analyze physical phenomena, using appropriate simplifications and schematizations as well as using the most suitable mathematical tools. This approach has always been at the root of the study of physics and is becoming increasingly valuable (and used) in other fields. During the lessons, great attention will be devoted to emphasizing the points of contact between the subjects under study and the disciplines that form the backbone of the CTF study program, such as the biological, medical, and chemical-pharmaceutical disciplines. Great emphasis will also be given to developing the ability to use a scientific methodological approach to the study and research activities. 4. Communication skills The student will have to be able to present the acquired knowledge clearly and directly. Specifically, the student must know how to process, interpret and rigorously present experimental data. The oral test, which, together with the written test described in point (2), will constitute the course's final exam, will cover all the topics of the program, allowing an adequate assessment of the ability of the student to communicate what was learned. 5. Learning skills What is covered during the class can be found discussed and analyzed in detail in the reference textbook, which students must be able to consult with total autonomy. Consultation of other references is welcome. The student is encouraged to find and select other texts based on personal inclinations and preferences. This work of autonomous research will be helpful in the future when the memories of the lessons taught in the classroom will be nuanced, and it will be necessary to find the topics of one's interest in the sources available at any given time.

Channel 1
Antonio LUCIANO Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS: The experimental method. Physical quantities and units of measurement. Metric systems. Physical laws and theories. Parallelogram rule. Scalar and vector products. Measurement errors. MECHANICS: Introduction to the study of kinematics, dynamics, and statics. Kinematic quantities. Uniform and accelerated rectilinear motion. Motion of fluids. Circular motion. Principles of dynamics. Weight force, density, and specific weight. Measurement of forces. Rigid bodies, rotational and translatory motion, center of mass and centroid. Mechanical moment of a force, equilibrium of rigid bodies. Work, kinetic energy, potential energy, conservative forces, friction. Principle of conservation of energy. Power, levers and simple machines. FLUID MECHANICS: Real and ideal fluids. Cohesive and adhesive forces. Pressure, Pascal's principle. Viscosity and fluid density. Surface tension, menisci, capillarity. Regimes of fluid motion, continuity equation, Bernoulli's theorem. Stevin's principle, Torricelli's experiment, atmospheric pressure, Archimedes' principle. Motion of a real fluid: Reynolds number, Poiseuille's law, Stokes' law. Osmosis. THERMOLOGY AND THERMODYNAMICS: Heat and temperature, mechanical equivalent of heat. Thermometric scales. Heat capacity and specific heat. Propagation of heat. Thermometers. States and properties of matter. Phase changes. Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, Clapeyron's equation. ELECTROMAGNETISM: Conductors and insulators. Coulomb's law. The atom. Electric field and electric potential. Electric current intensity, Ohm's law. Brief overview of the biological effects of electric currents. Elementary electric circuits: series and parallel resistor connections. Electric power, Joule effect. Electrolysis. Electrophoresis. Elementary magnetic phenomena. Magnetic field and magnetic induction vector. Pace-makers. ECG, EEG. Magnetic resonance. OPTICS: Waves and their characteristic parameters. Light and electromagnetic waves. Spectrum of electromagnetic waves. Reflection and refraction of light. Total internal reflection. Optical prism. Plane mirrors and curved mirrors. Formation of the image of a curved mirror. The eye. BIOPHYSICS OF RADIATION: Overview of atomic structure. Radioactivity. Activity, law of radioactive decay. Interactions of radiation with matter. X-rays and applications in medicine. Application of radioactive isotopes in medicine. Biological effects of radiation: somatic effects (deterministic and stochastic) and genetic effects.
Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of mathematics, particularly algebra and geometry, statistics. Ability to solve complex problems and analyze physical situations. Knowledge of fundamental laws of physics, such as Newton's law, the law of conservation of energy. Ability to use mathematical tools (e.g. differential and integral calculus). Strong logical reasoning and critical thinking skills.
Books
“Elementi di Fisica Biomedica” - D. Scannicchio, E. Giroletti – EdiSES – I ed. 2015 “Fisica” - G. M. Contessa – G. A. Marzo - CEA (Casa editrice Ambrosiana) – Zanichelli – I ed. 2019 “Fisica, 2000 quiz a scelta multipla per le scienze biomediche” - L. Nitti, R. Tommasi – CEA casa editrice ambrosiana – I ed. 2021 (per esercitazioni)
Frequency
The lessons are held in person and their attendance is optional (although highly recommended), except for laboratory exercises, foreseen starting from the second year of the course by some courses, for which attendance is mandatory.
Exam mode
Students' preparation will be tested by a written test with multiple-choice questions covering the entire syllabus, with possible subsequent integration of practical exercises to test students' preparation for the syllabus. In order to pass the examination, a grade of 18/30 is required. In order to obtain a mark of 30/30 cum laude, the student must instead demonstrate that he/she has acquired an excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to link them together in a logical and coherent manner.
Bibliography
“Elementi di Fisica Biomedica” - D. Scannicchio, E. Giroletti – EdiSES – I ed. 2015 “Fisica” - G. M. Contessa – G. A. Marzo - CEA (Casa editrice Ambrosiana) – Zanichelli – I ed. 2019 “Fisica, 2000 quiz a scelta multipla per le scienze biomediche” - L. Nitti, R. Tommasi – CEA casa editrice ambrosiana – I ed. 2021 (per esercitazioni)
Lesson mode
The teacher delivers lectures with traditional methods with audiovisual aids and scheduling of lessons as reported on GOMP Aure/Orari system, published on the website.
  • Lesson code10611080
  • Academic year2024/2025
  • CourseIndustrial pharmacy
  • CurriculumSingle curriculum
  • Year1st year
  • Semester1st semester
  • SSDFIS/01
  • CFU6
  • Subject areaDiscipline Matematiche, Fisiche, Informatiche e Statistiche