Medicine and Surgery

Contents: Theory of measurement and the concepts of experimental error, precision and accuracy Applications of the theory to the measurements of Laboratory Medicine: interindividual variability, pathological deviations from the average values, false positives, false negatives, specificity and sensitivity of the tests. Principles of clinical reasoning. Specimen collection for adult and fetal samples. Biological fluids: blood, urine cerebral-spinal fluid, amniotic fluid. Main analytical methods used in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: potentiometry, electrophoresis, chromatography, immunological methods, DNA sequencing and PCR Clinical Toxicology: principal analytes and finality of their measurements. Analysis and levels of drugs more often causing over dosage, recreational drug, and environmental and professional poisons Clinical Biochemistry of blood clotting and its disturbances: hemostasis and thrombosis Clinical Biochemistry of anemias, hemoglobinopathies and thalassemia. The hemocytometric analysis Transfusion medicine; blood groups. Histocompatibility testing and transplantation. Clinical laboratory analyses for parasitology: Blood And Tissue Protozoa. Blood Trematodes. Intestinal Protozoa. Intestinal And Tissue Cestodes. Intestinal Nematodes. Molecular And Immunological Diagnosis Of Parasitic Infections. Microbial Zoonoses. Protozoa Zoonoses. Clinical laboratory analyses for bacterial and viral diseases. The microbes and the relationship with the host. Diagnosis of infection and assesment of host defense mechanism. Basic Mechanisms of drug resistance and spread or resistant microbes. The chronic infections and viral hepatitis. Upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Sexually transmitted infections. Urinary infections. Obstetric and perinatal infections. Central nervous system. Infections of the skin, soft tissue, eye. Gastrointestinal infections. The zoonoses. Infections in the compromised host. Noscomial infections.

Knowledge of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Microbiology is required.

Suggested textbooks: Michael Laposata: Laboratory Medicine: The Diagnosis of Disease in the Clinical Laboratory (LANGE Basic Science) Additional material is available on the website of the course: http://biochimica.bio.uniroma1.it/didattica/bellelli5.htm

Classroom lectures and seminars

Attendance is compulsory for at least 67% of the total lectures.

Oral examination. It is possible to take an ongoing examination, only at the end of the first semester (February session). The students are required to register to the exam on Infostud. The date indicated on Infostud is the first day of a period (usually a week) where the exam can take place; the effective location, date and time of the exam are communicated via Infostud at the end of the registration period. It is possible that the exam is delayed by a few days, with respect to the date indicated on Infostud, due to previously unforeseen duties of the teachers.

Classroom lectures and seminars