Building engineering and architecture

Tenses: Present simple/continuous, past simple/continuous, present perfect, past perfect, and future forms (will, going to, present continuous for future) Modal Verbs: Can, could, may, might, must, should, would, and their uses for ability, permission, obligation, probability, etc. Articles: Definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an), zero article, and specific rules for general vs. specific reference Passive Voice: Forming and using passive structures in different tenses, especially in formal and academic writing Conditional Sentences: First, second, and third conditionals, as well as mixed conditionals Relative Clauses: Defining and non-defining relative clauses (who, which, that, whose), with attention to formal and informal usage Comparatives and Superlatives: Forming comparisons and expressing degrees of difference (more/less than, as...as) Direct and Indirect Speech: Reporting statements, questions, and commands with appropriate tense backshifting Prepositions: Prepositions of time (in, on, at), place, and movement (to, from, into, across), as well as prepositional phrases Articles and Quantifiers: Use of articles with countable and uncountable nouns, and quantifiers (some, any, much, many, few, little) Complex Sentences: Combining clauses using conjunctions (because, although, however) and sentence connectors for coherence Word Formation: Understanding prefixes, suffixes, and compound words to expand vocabulary Gerunds and Infinitives: When to use gerunds (-ing form) vs. infinitives (to + verb) Reported Speech: Using reported speech for indirect questions and commands

To successfully follow the course, students must have a basic knowledge of English (at least A2 level according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages). General grammar and vocabulary skills are required to understand and produce simple written and spoken English. It is preferable that students are familiar with the following: Basic English grammar (verb tenses, use of prepositions, articles, and pronouns); Ability to comprehend written texts and dialogues at an intermediate level; Skills in understanding and using everyday English vocabulary. No prior knowledge of the specialized terminology in the course's focus area is required, as it will be covered during the lessons.

Textbook: - May, P. Compact B2 First 3rd Edition Student’s Book with Answers (Cambridge University Press) Additional materials: -Instructor-provided handouts. Recommended readings: - Hird, J. Grammar and Vocabulary for the Real World with Key (Oxford University Press) - Ibbotson, M. Cambridge English for Engineering (Cambridge University Press) - Ibbotson, M. Professional English in Use: Engineering (Cambridge University Press)

The course consists of 10 three-hour lessons. Classes are held in person. Attendance is not mandatory.

The test is written. It is based on the type of exam questions found in the Cambridge B2 First and/or on the type of questions found in the IELTS Academic exam. There may also be questions of the following nature: ➢ Text Organization ➢ Reference ➢ Word order within sentences ➢ Short Reading Comprehension with multiple choice answers