Law, administration and management of Cultural Heritage

Educational objectives

he teaching programme aims to offer a
not only a notional but also a problematic knowledge of
of administrative law, taking into account both
both the regulatory evolution and the decisive
doctrinal and jurisprudential contributions.
The aim is also to provide a historical and comparative
comparative framework that is attentive to the influences that the law
European Union law and so-called global law
exert on the institutions of our administrative law.
At the end of the programme, the student who has
actively followed the course will be able to
be able to apply the knowledge acquired to the
solution of practical problems concerning the legal relations
legal relations between public administrations and
private parties, including issues that may be the subject of
the subject of legal disputes.

Educational objectives

The main objective of the course is to provide a basic knowledge of the history of collecting and of Museology, from the Middle Ages to the contemporary age.
As regards specific objectives, students are expected to learn or assimilate:
a) awareness of the different parameters of judgment, historical and aesthetic, underlying any specific choice in displaying objects of art..
b) the ability to analyze the display of works of art in the past centuries, and to evaluate their cultural significance;
c) an autonomous critical judgment on contemporary display of works of art.
In order to pursue these targets, during the course students will be asked to reflect in the analysis of the display of the artworks in the early modern era private collections and in the contemporary museums.

Educational objectives

The course aims to acquaint students with the law of cultural heritage, tangible and intangible, in the main European and non-European stabilized democracies.
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the legal forms introduced by the Italian legal system and by some of the main world legal systems in order to enhance and protect the cultural heritage of each nation. In particular, the student will know, at the end of the course of study: the legal concept of cultural heritage from a comparative point of view; the role played by UNESCO in promoting and safeguarding cultural heritage; and the forms of protection and enhancement of cultural heritage and intangible cultural expressions in the main democratic countries of the world. It is expected
expect the student, at the end of the course, to be able to: elaborate concepts and write papers on the subject of cultural heritage, also providing comparative insights; reflect on possible innovations to be introduced in the Italian legal system in order to make the national context more efficient with reference to the valorization of cultural heritage, learned during the comparative analysis; identify the main legal mechanisms for the protection of cultural heritage at the national level.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with the necessary skills and legal categories to know, interpret and explore the European and international legal framework posed for the protection, promotion and enhancement of cultural heritage, both tangible and intangible.
In particular, students will be able to analyze the dynamics that characterize the protection of cultural heritage, through the examination of its links and relationships with other areas of public international law and the different areas of competence of EU law, as well as the ways
by which cultural heritage law contributes to the development of international law itself and the various regional approaches, with a particular focus on the European context.
By the end of the course, the student will have achieved the ability to apply this knowledge with independent judgment and critical thinking, including at an advanced level of complexity, to understand and address the main issues and open legal questions pertaining to the protection of cultural heritage at
European and international level, as well as to elaborate and communicate clearly and effectively the relevant legal solutions, argued in depth and documented.

Educational objectives

Expected Learning Outcomes
Knowledge and Understanding: Upon completion of the course, students will have acquired
knowledge and understanding of the sources of law as well as the private law principles,
regulations, and institutions relevant to the circulation of cultural goods in the Italian, European,
and International legal systems.
Applying Knowledge and Understanding: Upon completion of the course, students will be able to
apply the acquired knowledge and understanding to accurately interpret the pertinent
regulations of private law governing the circulation of cultural goods. They will aptly discern the
most suitable modalities for the legal circulation of cultural goods in the public and private
spheres, develop original ideas and solve problems, even at an advanced level of complexity.
Making Judgements: Upon completion of the course, students will possess the cognitive and
methodological capabilities necessary to autonomously make judgments regarding the legal
circulation of cultural goods and weigh the relevant ethical and social considerations in this
context.
Communication Skills: Upon completion of the course, students will master an appropriate array
of technical legal terminology and be able to use it to articulate ideas, present arguments, and
propose legal solutions accurately and clearly to specialists and non-specialists.
Learning Skills: Upon completion of the course, students will have acquired the skills for self-
directed learning, which will also be necessary for their ongoing professional updating.

Educational objectives

In line with the objectives of the degree program, the teaching aims to analyze the roots, notably Romanist of the system of legal protection of cultural property.
Although the concepts of "cultural heritage" or "cultural property" are foreign to Roman legal experience, in Roman law, and in the jurisprudential elaboration developed over millennia, we find the basis of that collective, social and, finally, legal consciousness, by virtue of which the community reserves special protection for identity, cultural and/or aesthetic elements.
In the course of the lectures, students will acquire the fundamentals of the main institutes pertaining to this elaboration, such as that of res publicae (in usu publico), res communes omnium, actiones populares and interdicta popularia, while also verifying how some of its cornerstones persist even in contemporary reflections relating to the management of public heritage, particularly cultural heritage.
Similarly, within the framework of the teaching it will be possible to analyze the regulatory interventions of republican and imperial institutions aimed at safeguarding urban decorum, the natural environment, and the agrarian context; interventions that, in addition to sometimes still proving relevant in their informing principles, conceal a valuable balancing effort between the interests of individuals and those of the community. Alongside them, the emergence of figures deputed to safeguard the aesthetics, ornamentation, functionality and healthfulness of urban and nonurban places will shed light on the tasks entrusted to them, and on the evolution of the instruments of care and protection of assets relevant to the community.
Thanks to the knowledge acquired in the course of the lectures, students will be able to grasp the fundamental points of the evolution of the system of protection accorded to the field of culture-which, starting from the Roman experience, will be projected with new impulses into the Middle Ages and the modern age, finally acquiring its present form-by fully understanding its rationality and reasonableness, as well as its informing principles.

Educational objectives

In line with the objectives of the CdS, the teaching aims to develop, in students, an acute vision multidisciplinary view of the field of cultural heritage, through the analysis of new perspectives of research and valorization of antiquity through the adoption of interpretative models grounded in Roman law.
In the course of the lectures, students will be able to verify how the connection between the notions of Roman law and the great ancient archaeological heritage constitutes a source of interesting new data on past civilizations and their history, and enables the elaboration of new models of valorization capable of impacting, both culturally and economically, contemporary society.
The study of Roman law will prove fundamental in order to know the function, and the real social value, of ancient res and loca, the study of which is often limited to historical or aesthetic notions; with such critical awareness, students will acquire the necessary skills to develop projects with a multidisciplinary declination, which take into account the ever-increasing and varied demand for information posed by the general public for archaeological sites.
During the course of the lectures, students will also be able to enter into the merits of projects already underway, which have as their lowest common denominator precisely the combination of Roman law and cultural heritage: Sapienza University of Rome is in fact engaged, together with various cultural entities such as the Archaeological Park of the Colosseum, in the realization of numerous projects in which Roman Law contributes to enriching the heritage of knowledge disseminated to the general public, complementing with a judicious component the cultural offer of archaeological, artistic, architectural and literary matrix.
Within the framework of the above initiatives, there is also the first National Edition achieved by Sapienza, admitted for funding by the MIC in 2023, which will edit translation and commentary of the texts of the Gromatici Veteres; through the analytical study of the heritage of information betrayed by the land surveyors, it will be possible to realize new models of landscape enhancement, particularly of the agrarian one.

Educational objectives

The course addresses the topic of EU funding for cultural heritage, also delving into the methodologies and techniques of fundraising and sponsorship, including through the illustration of practical cases.
By the end of the course, the student will have acquired the ability to identify EU calls of interest, completing all prodromal steps for the implementation of the funded project,
and to draft the relevant project proposal, as well as to apply the main fundraising practices; student will also be able to carry out the indispensable reporting activities required by national and European regulations.

Educational objectives

The course analyzes both the main marketing strategies and activities applied to cultural heritage in order to increase revenues from public and private entities operating in the sector, as well as the most innovative communication techniques based on new technologies to identify the needs and expectations of the public that uses art and museum services, so as to enrich and enhance the experience by making it more interesting, attractive and immersive.
At the end of the Course, the student will be able to conceive, design and develop performant marketing activities in the specific field, as well as have the necessary tools to develop effective communication.

Educational objectives

The Teaching aims: at learning the criminal system of cultural heritage protection, as a system composed of substantive criminal law (the crimes that offend cultural and environmental heritage) and criminal procedural law (the way in which the criminal process ascertains whether or not such crimes have been
committed); to the understanding of how this system is coherent as it is constructed through "rules" implementing "principles"; to the acquisition of the ability to read criminal substantive and procedural law in the light of general legal theory. The Teaching then offers an overview of living criminal law as an expression of the jurisprudence of legitimacy, constitutional and supranational jurisprudence.
More generally, the Teaching tends to develop: the legal vocabulary; the aptitude for legal reasoning; the ability to distinguish, and then coordinate with each other, theoretical and practical issues; and the methodology for scientific research.
By the end of the Teaching, the Student will have acquired both specific knowledge of the cases and ways in which the criminal law protects cultural heritage; and adequate legal maturity, such that he/she will be able: to interpret the law, to resolve legal issues, to prepare protocols
behavioral protocols designed to prevent cultural and environmental property from being the subject of criminal illegal activities.
The graduate will also have developed the skills necessary to undertake further study in the same field.

Educational objectives

The objective of the teaching is to develop in the student a legal method of approaching issues of labor law interest, with particular attention to the multidisciplinary field of public and private cultural property, which will enable him/her to resolve each issue by correctly applying the notions learned.
At the end of the course, the student will be familiar with the main lines of the subject matter and the issues that fuel the doctrinal and jurisprudential debate on the topics covered by the course, both with reference to private and public employment.
On the basis of the knowledge acquired, the student will be able to reconstruct the discipline applicable to controversial cases and understand the legal relevance of the factual data to be analyzed for the purpose of solving practical cases.
By achieving the expected learning outcomes, the student will be able to critically navigate the various interpretations that the normative reference data and jurisprudential pronouncements can offer and to interact, for issues concerning the subject of the course, effectively within the multidisciplinary field of public and private cultural heritage, both within the relevant public administrations and in companies operating in the sector.

Educational objectives

The study of the fundamentals of the subject of taxation aims to understand the role of the said subject with reference to the management and organization of the national cultural heritage. In fact, cultural heritage enables the use of both functions of the subject matter of taxation, namely the redistributive function and the promotional lever. Firstly, cultural heritage defines a wealth of the country to be cared for and managed with redistributive policies among fellow citizens; in this sense, the taxation of cultural heritage will be analyzed. Secondly, heritage qualifies an asset to be promoted with a view to the country's social and cultural growth; according to this perspective, the objective of the course is to analyze the fiscal lever in the implementation of policies for the protection and development of cultural heritage. In addition, the course aims to analyze the financial aspects of cultural heritage management, with reference to the issues of fiscal responsibility and accounting justice.

Educational objectives

In line with the educational objectives of the CdS, the course aims to provide the fundamentals of classical philology, of the formation and transmission of the Greco-Latin manuscript tradition and, contextually, of the management of book heritage, enabling the student to approach, with awareness, critical approach and autonomy of judgment, the study of an ancient Greco-Latin literary work and to appreciate the alterations to which it has been subjected over the centuries.
They also acquire the methodological principles and practical knowledge that enable them to read and understand in its fullness a modern critical edition of a classical text, also grasping its historical-cultural and scientific premises.
Related to the issues considered, operational tools for ensuring the preservation and enjoyment of library holdings at preservation institutions, such as archives and libraries, will also be discussed. Finally, specific attention will be paid to the application of modern technologies in the humanities, specifically the digitization and enjoyment of library holdings.
Finally, another objective of the course is the attainment of skills in the field of library conservation, aimed at the proper management of materials, for example within conservation institutions.
During the lectures, the examination of an examination of texts and case studies useful, on the one hand, to a correct reading and interpretation of classical texts and their philological transmission, and, on the other hand, to the examination and management of the more concrete aspects related to the preservation, protection and enhancement of manuscripts and other library assets will be proposed.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and comprehension skills that will enable the student to deal critically with the study of the ancient economy, the monetary history of the Mediterranean in Greek and Roman times, coins in their contexts and the ways in which they have come down to us through the formation of collections.
As the course unfolds, the student will be provided with the tools to critically address issues of numismatic heritage management, valorization and communication in European and international contexts.

Educational objectives

The student will acquire the skills essential for the reading of historical landscapes
and will be able to handle the tools useful for the reconstruction of multi-layered
urban and territorial contexts. The knowledge developed in the field of historical
cartography and ancient topography will also equip the student with the skills
necessary for the critical analysis of ancient contexts and their processes