Architecture

The workshop aims to provide an overview of the theoretical, methodological and operational aspects about conservation and restoration of architectural heritage. It aims to develop the didactic experience acquired in the course of Elements of Restoration, through in-depth phases consisting of: a) recognition of the cultural value of the architectural heritage; b) investigation of the state of conservation of the same heritage; c) definition of the restoration project aimed at transmitting the value of the considered asset to the future. The course is structured as a series of lectures focusing on the main objectives of restoration, the intervention criteria for pre-existing structures, conservation-related issues, and the historical overview of the discipline of Architectural Restoration. The laboratory activities, designed to complement the lectures, will focus on a practical experience carried out in the classroom, aimed at project development and involving periodic submissions of the work produced. Indications and specific references will be provided to students during the course and made available on the course website in the Moodle Elearning2 platform: http://elearning2.uniroma1.it/course/view.php?id=1881 The development of the applied project, agreed upon with the instructor, will be structured through in-class exercises and submissions, and will be subject to evaluations for the purpose of obtaining the Workshop attendance certification. The work should aim, in summary, to:  carry out a historical analysis and a constructional analysis of the case study;  recognize the value expressed by the case study in its current condition and identify appropriate methods for its conservation and enhancement;  formulate a coherent design proposal.

In order to be able to profitably follow the Restoration Workshop it is essential: to know and be able to apply methods and instruments of manual and instrumental architectural surveying; know the main features of History of Architecture; possess appropriate critical equipment to address the process of reading and understanding of the architectural body at present. This knowledge can be acquired in the introductory teachings Science of Representation III and History of Ancient and Medieval Architecture and Elements of Restoration.

For the applied part of the workshop - M. CAPERNA, Dal Laboratorio di Restauro Architettonico. Esperienze didattiche su alcuni monumenti romani, Roma 2003 - M. CAPERNA (a cura di), Guida alle esercitazioni nel Laboratorio di Restauro architettonico, Roma 2012 - G. CARBONARA, Restauro dei monumenti. Guida agli elaborati grafici, Napoli 1990. - D. FIORANI, Restauro architettonico e strumento informatico. Guida agli elaborati grafici, Napoli 2004 For the oral exam (materials available on the E-learning2 Moodle platform): - La Storia del Restauro, fra pronunciamenti teorici e interventi sui monumenti, Antologia di testi a cura di A. Tosini, Dispensa del Laboratorio di Restauro, 2025 - Analisi, diagnosi e interventi per la conservazione e il restauro del costruito storico, Antologia di testi a cura di A. Tosini, Dispensa del Laboratorio di Restauro, 2025 - Sommari delle lezioni svolte Deepening materials: - Trattato di Restauro architettonico, diretto da G. Carbonara, Torino 1996, voll. I-IV - Restauro architettonico e impianti, diretto da G. Carbonara, Torino, voll. V-VII (in 2 tomi) - Atlante del Restauro, diretto da G. Carbonara, Torino 2004, vol. VIII (in 2 tomi) - Restauro e tecnologie in architettura, a cura di D. Fiorani, Roma 2009 - G. CARBONARA, Architettura d’oggi e Restauro. Un confronto antico-nuovo, Torino 2011 - S.F. MUSSO (a cura di), Tecniche di Restauro: Aggiornamento (con banca dati), Torino 2013 Further bibliographic reading on topics covered in the lectures as well as the conduct of the exercises will be provided during the workshop.

Lectures and applied activities of the Workshop will be held in person, according to the schedule established by the Degree Program. Students will be required to sign the attendance sheets provided by the instructor at the beginning and at the end of each Laboratory session. The attendance certificate for the Workshop will be granted upon achieving at least 70% attendance, as established by the academic regulations of the Degree Program, and demonstrating an acceptable level of progress in the work carried out.

The completion of the tasks related to the applied project, in addition to attendance of the lecture series, will be assessed for the purpose of obtaining the individual attendance certificate, together with a final evaluation of the work carried out. The exam will consist of an individual oral interview on the topics covered during the lectures and on the presentation of the applied project, focusing on its development process, objectives, and outcomes.

The phases related to the applied work carried out in the Workshop will include: a) a precise direct architectural survey of the case study, accompanied by a set of well-reasoned graphic notes and appropriate photographic documentation; b) an examination of the case study from the standpoint of its architectural and spatial design, as well as its static and constructive characteristics, and its formal and stylistic qualities; c) a historical investigation, conducted through sources, bibliography, and accessible documentation, aimed at identifying the transformation process that the case study has undergone from its foundation to the present; d) a historical-critical synthesis; e) an analysis of degradation issues; f) the identification of key issues concerning the restoration of the work. Deadlines The exercise topic will be agreed upon within one week from the beginning of the Workshop. The schedule for in-class exercises, submissions, and evaluations of the work performed will be presented during the Workshop sessions.

Laboratory program and planning activities The course has the objective to stimulate students in reading the monument at present to identify the stages of its transformation process and its historical values. Complete a historical-critical study started in the course of Elementi di Restauro. Draw up the restoration project, which provides the analysis of the degradation and the relevant proposals of interventions. Current Trends Restoration: theoretical foundation of the restoration, the most recent positions, the critical restoration, restoration-critical conservative, pure preservation, maintenance-repair. The season of the scientific and philological restoration by Corrado Ricci and Camillo Boito to thirty to forty years of the Twentieth century with particular reference to Rome. A reflection on the cultural context of Alois Riegl (1857-1905) and Cesare Brandi (1906-1988). The archaeological restoration: reflection on some archaeological sites include pre-existing urban areas or across the territory; issues relating to the protection of sites, vulnerability, predictability and risk maps for their use and then some guidelines for the solution of technological systems. Analysis of the current status and interventions with examples of the defects of architectural reality: the degradation of materials and geological instability of the structure, preliminary investigations for knowledge, analytical reading of the degradation of materials, vocabulary NORMAL, genesis and processuality, examples of some cases of interventions. The disruptions and related interventions of consolidation: foundations, elevated structures, the theme of the arc and the vaults, floors, roofs. The humidity: causes and remedies. Adaptations and criteria of museology and museum: it insists on the concept of restoration is understood as critical interpretation; museum project: theories and achievements through the reading of some Italian and European episodes. The liturgical adaptation. The intervention in the historic city: the historic centers between conservation and innovation.

Adequate knowledge of the foundations of ancient and medieval architecture history and manual and instrumental survey techniques. Appropriate critical equipment to address the process of understanding of the architecture at present, in continuity with the Course of Elements of restoration.

Bibliografia DAL MAS, R.M., Progettazione ed esecuzione, in Restauro architettonico e impianti, Torino 2001, pp. 21-228. BRUSCHI, A., Architettura come processo e trasformazione. Problemi metodologici e critici, in Architettura: processualità e trasformazione, a cura di M. Caperna e G. Spagnesi, Roma 2002, pp. 29-32. SPAGNESI, G. Introduzione al restauro delle architetture delle città e del territorio, Roma 2007. DAL MAS, R.M., Valore del monumento e progetto in tre edifici bellunesi. Collegio dei Gesuiti, “Crepadona”, Villa Doglioni-Dalmas, in «Dolomiti», 2009, pp. 43-51; DAL MAS, R. M., SPAGNESI, G., Roma: dalla Casa di Raffaello al palazzo dei Convertendi, nei «Quaderni dell’Istituto di Storia dell’Architettura», a cura del Dipartimento di Storia dell’Architettura, Restauro e Conservazione dei Beni Architettonici dell’Università di Roma «La Sapienza», Nuova Serie, Fascicolo 53 – 2010. CARBONARA, G., Architettura d’oggi e restauro. Un confronto antico-nuovo, Milanofiori Assago (MI) 2011. CARBONARA, G. Restauro architettonico: principi e metodo, Roma 2012. Guida alle esercitazioni nel Laboratorio di Restauro architettonico, a cura di M. Caperna, con testi di M. Caperna, R. De Sanctis, E. De Luca, A. Licciardello, Roma 2012. DAL MAS, R. M., Interventi progettuali per la fruizione di chiese romane su preesistenze classiche: Sant’Angelo in Pescheria e San Lorenzo de’ Speziali in Miranda, pubblicato in La cultura del restauro e della valorizzazione. Temi e problemi per un percorso internazionale di conoscenza, a cura di S. Bertocci e S. Van Riel, 2, Firenze 2014, pp. 673-680. DAL MAS, R.M., Preesistenza e progetto nella architettura di Giuseppe Momo, in III Congreso Internacional sobre Documentación, Conservación, y Reutilización del Patrimonio Arquichectónico y Paisajístico, Libro Cominucaciones, Valencia 2015, pp. 755-762. DAL MAS, R.M., La funzione museale negli edifici storici, in «Progetto Restauro», 73, 2016, pp. 36-42. DAL MAS, R.M., Il progetto della scala nella rifunzionalizzazione dello spazio storico: il palazzo ‘Crepadona’ a Belluno, in S. Parrinello, D. Besana (a cura di), Reuso 2016. Contributi per la documentazione, conservazione e recupero del patrimonio architettonico e per la tutela paesaggistica, Firenze 2016, pp. 600-608. DAL MAS, R.M. (a cura di), La basilica di San Paolo Maggiore a Bologna e palazzo Regis a Roma. Restauro e nuove tecnologie, Beni Architettonici e Paesaggio, 4, Roma 2016. DAL MAS, R.M., L’apporto delle nuove tecnologie di rilievo nel restauro, in RICerca/REStauro, Sezione 2A, Conoscenza dell’edificio: metodo e contenuti, a cura di A. Grimoldi, Roma 2017, pp. 459-468. DAL MAS, R.M., Efficienza energetica e microclima, in D. Concas (a cura di), Conservazione vs Innovazione. L’inserimento di elementi tecnologici in contesti storici, Saonara (PD) 2018, Ebook, pp. 151-161. DAL MAS, R.M., La chiesa di S. Gregorio Barbarigo nel quartiere Eur a Roma, dal progetto di G. Vaccaro alle recenti trasformazioni: interventi progettuali e problematiche conservative, in F. Minutoli (a cura di), ReUso 2018. L’intreccio dei saperi per rispettare il passato interpretare il presente salvaguardare il futuro, Roma 2018, pp. 1421-1432. BENEDETTI, Si. DAL MAS, R.M., DELSERE, I., DI MARCO, F., Gustavo Giovannoni. L’opera architettonica nella prima metà del Novecento, Roma 2018. DAL MAS R.M., Il complesso dei SS. Martiri dell’Uganda a Roma: dal progetto di G. Vaccaro alla chiesa attuale, in ReUso Matera. Patrimonio in divenire. Conoscere, Valorizzare, Abitare, a cura di A. Conte e A. Guida, Roma 2019, pp. 499-510. DAL MAS, R.M., La chiesa di S. Gregorio Barbarigo a Roma di G. Vaccaro e la conservazione dell’architettura moderna, in Restauro. Conoscenza. Progetto. Cantiere. Gestione, Sezione 4.2, A. Grimoldi, M. Zampilli (a cura di), Realizzazione degli interventi. Casi Studio, Roma, 2020, pp. 599-505. DAL MAS, R.M., La basilica-memoriale di Mosè sul monte Nebo, in Giordania, tra anastilosi e ricostruzione, in Architetture per il restauro: l’anastilosi, a cura di R. Mancini, R.M. Dal Mas, M.G. Putzu, Roma 2021, pp. 133-166. DAL MAS R.M., La torre San Michele a Ostia: dalla restituzione delle trasformazioni all’ipotesi di un progetto di restauro, in Materiali, territorio e cantiere nell’Italia centrale medievale e moderna, a cura di R.M. Dal Mas, F. De Cesaris, R. Mancini, Roma 2022, pp. 201-237. DALMAS R.M., Il restauro dei palazzi romani: una panoramica sugli interventi recenti, in «Materiali e Strutture», 21, pp. 57-72, p. 94. DALMAS R.M., Il palazzo Corsini ad Albano Laziale: lo stato attuale come risultato delle fasi di trasformazione, in G. DE GIUSTI, M. FORMOSA, Palazzo Corsini e il suo giardino ad Albano Laziale Rilievo, storia, indagini termografiche e restauro, Roma 2022, pp. 27-30. R.M. DAL MAS, The design activity of Orazio Torriani in the Lazio possessions of the Orsini family, in G. Gambardella (a cura di), XIX International Forum Le Vie dei Mercanti, World Heritage and Design for Health, Roma 2021, pp. 385-392. DAL MAS 2023 R.M. DAL MAS, Contributi sull’attività architettonica di Orazio Torriani tra Roma e Bracciano nella prima metà del Seicento. Contributions on the architectural activity of Orazio Torriani between Rome and Bracciano in the first half of the 17th Century, Roma 2023.

The organization of the activities of the laboratory, which the performance of work in the classroom with the teacher, according to the procedures established by Sapienza University, requires mandatory attendance.

Final evaluation The results obtained in the laboratory will be evaluated, during the exam, with an individual interview on the topics of the lessons and contents in the bibliography and with the evaluation of the graphic elaborations of the exercise.

Bibliografia generale Trattato di Restauro architettonico, a cura di G. Carbonara, 4 voll., Torino 1996. FIORANI, D., Tecniche costruttive murarie medioevali. Il Lazio meridionale, Roma 1996. ESPOSITO, D., Tecniche costruttive murarie medioevali. Murature ‘a tufelli’ in area romana, Roma 1998. Atlante di restauro architettonico, a cura di G. Carbonara, 2 voll., Torino 2004. DE MEO, M., Tecniche costruttive murarie medioevali: la Sabina, Roma 2006. CHIOVELLI, R., Tecniche costruttive murarie medioevali: la Tuscia, Roma 2007. Il reimpiego in architettura. Recupero, trasformazioni, uso, a cura di J.F. Bernard, P. Bernardi, D. Esposito, con la collaborazione di P. Dillmann, L. Foulquier e R. Mancini, Colletion de l’Ècole Française de Roma - 418, Roma 2008. DI MUZIO, A., Rovine protette. Conservazione e presentazione delle testimonianze archeologiche, Roma 2010. MONTELLI, E., Tecniche costruttive murarie medioevali. Mattoni e laterizi in Roma e nel Lazio fra X e XV secolo, Roma 2011. Tecniche di Restauro, Aggiornamento, diretto da S.F. Musso, Milanofiori Assago (MI) 2013.

The course will consist of lectures and tutorials. The exercises will be followed throughout the course, in the workingroup. The results will be evaluated with an individual interview relating to the topics covered in class and contained in the bibliography and through the evaluation of drawings exercise.

Programme 1_Workshop purpose The Studio aims to provide the cultural, conceptual and methodological work on existing buildings, presenting an overview of the multiple and different issues related to the protection and conservation of architectural heritage. Besides the natural continuation of the knowledge acquired and matured in the didactic experiences of the previous years, in particular during the course of Elements of Restoration, the Course represents the introduction to the composite activities that characterize the restoration. The workshop is divided into a series of lectures followed by exercises and design activities in the classroom to be carried out on a theme (building or complex of buildings) chosen by the student. 2_Main topics of the lessons: - restoration area and general issues (definitions and scope); - problems and current trends of architectural restoration; - historical features of the restoration from the premodern age to the twentieth century - methods and tools of knowledge, - hints and warnings related to materials and their state of conservation, - aspects and techniques of conservation issues related to the site's historic and contemporary, - issues related to the historical and contemporary construction site; - traditional and modern techniques and technologies, - the main normative references, - “innovative” aspects of the restoration; the “ancient-new” relationship. 3_Application theme: The subject matter of the project-proposal will, as a rule, be the same chosen by the student during the course of Elements of Architectural Restoration. If it is necessary / appropriate to choose a new building to be analyzed, it will still have to be small (limited) in size, so that it can be reasonably carried out in the duration of the course with the necessary rigor and depth, it must also present restoration problems and ensure possibility of free access. The exercises and design activities in the classroom are designed to guide the student in drafting the restoration project / proposal on the chosen theme. The first part of the semester will be dedicated to carrying out or deepening (where initiated during the course of Elements of Architectural Restoration) the cognitive analyzes of the architectural body, while the second part will be mainly reserved for the finalization of the project proposal, in close correlation with the analyzes conducted. In fact, the project proposal cannot disregard the execution of an accurate cognitive analysis of the architectural body and a detailed direct survey of the actual situation. The graphic drawings should in particular illustrate, with due consideration: • survey of the actual situation of the monument, as a whole and in some significant details, with particular regard to the analysis of the walls and construction details, accompanied by graphic notes and appropriate photographic documentation • historical investigation, carried out through the sources, the bibliography and the accessible documentation, in order to define the constructive and transformative phases of the architectural organism up to the present day • analysis and assessment of the aspects related to the degradation of materials, including mapping of diseases of materials and any situations of precariousness static; • identification of the main critical points and potentialities, of the aims and of all the aspects to be taken into consideration in the project of restoration; • a comprehensive proposal that addresses and defines at the same time both the main operations / interventions of a conservative nature, and any "innovative" aspects inherent in the restoration proposal / project • The proposed Project will be based on a detailed architectural analysis and on a direct survey of the status quo In summary, the proposal will therefore be based on a preliminary reading of the building with the aim of defining a method of intervention strictly connected with the historical and conceptual discipline of restoration. 4_Required graphic drawings: The project proposal will be represented on tables of the most suitable format to describe the chosen theme. The tables must contain a concise relationship with the relative essential bibliography, the graphs performed in the scales and with the manner of representation suitable for identifying, with reasonable detail, the object of study, the intervention and the proposed operations, all accompanied by an adequate photographic documentation concerning the actual situation. The detailed contents of the individual tables will be defined in the classroom with the students. 5_Teaching support: The lessons and exercises in the classroom will be integrated and supported by teaching material (bibliography, texts, norms, documents shown during the lessons, useful links) made available to students on the course website in the Moodle Elearning2 platform. The same platform will also be used for the delivery of the exercises and for all communications.

In order to be able to profitably follow the Restoration Laboratory it is essential: to know and be able to apply methods and instruments of manual and instrumental architectural surveying; know the main features of History of Ancient and Medieval Architecture; possess appropriate critical equipment to address the process of reading and understanding of the architectural body at present. This knowledge can be acquired in the introductory teachings Science of Representation III and History of Architecture and Elements of Restoration.

Basic bibliography: C. BRANDI, Teoria del restauro, Roma 1963, Torino 1977 2. M.P. SETTE, Il restauro in architettura. Quadro storico, Saggio introduttivo di Gaetano Miarelli Mariani, Torino 2001. G. CARBONARA (eds), Trattato di Restauro architettonico, 12 voll., Torino, Utet, 1996-2011. G. CARBONARA (eds), Restauro architettonico e impianti, Torino, voll. V-VII. G. CARBONARA (eds), Atlante del Restauro, Torino 2004, vol. VIII (in 2 tomi). G. CARBONARA, Architettura d’oggi e Restauro. Un confronto antico-nuovo, Torino 2011. D. FIORANI (ed.), Restauro e tecnologie in architettura, Roma 2009. Indications and specific references will be provided to students during the course and made available to students on the course website in the Moodle Elearning2 platform.. Students are required to keep themselves up to date by means of readings (journals, periodicals, etc...).

The workshop is organized in lectures, tutorials and classroom project activities. Visits to archaeological sites and museums are also planned during the semester. The lessons will be the guide for the exercises that students will need to draw on a topic of their choice but agreed and accepted in the time and manner specified by the teacher. The project activities to be developed on the chosen theme can also be carried out in groups (maximum three people) and will be subject to three mandatory intermediate checks (deliveries), established at the beginning of the course. The exercises and design activities in the classroom are designed to guide the student in drafting the restoration project on the chosen theme. Finally, collective insights are planned, which will take place in the classroom also through the use of ppt presentations by the students.

You must have attended 70 percent of the classes to be eligible to take the exam

The final examination, strictly individual, will consist of an oral test about the topics of the course and the bibliography. During the oral examination the student will also have to illustrate the project work carried out during the exercise, with the aim of verifying the level of learning and awareness of the methods adopted, the choices made and the results achieved. To pass the exam you need to achieve a grade of not less than 18/30. The student must demonstrate that he has acquired a basic knowledge of the topics covered during the course and that he is able to apply the theoretical and methodological notions to the study theme. To achieve a score of 30/30 and honors, the student must instead demonstrate that he has acquired an excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to link them in a logical and coherent way. The student must also be able to apply, in an autonomous and original way, the knowledge acquired to the project theme.

G. CARBONARA (eds), Trattato di Restauro architettonico, 12 voll., Torino, Utet, 1996-2011. G. CARBONARA (eds), Restauro architettonico e impianti, Torino, voll. V-VII. G. CARBONARA (eds), Atlante del Restauro, Torino 2004, vol. VIII (in 2 tomi). G. CARBONARA, Architettura d’oggi e Restauro. Un confronto antico-nuovo, Torino 2011. D. FIORANI (ed.), Restauro e tecnologie in architettura, Roma 2009. Indications and specific references will be provided to students during the course and made available to students on the course website in the Moodle Elearning2 platform. Students are required to keep themselves up to date by means of readings (journals, periodicals, etc...).

The workshop is organized in lectures, tutorials and classroom project activities. Visits to archaeological sites and museums are also planned during the semester. The lessons will be the guide for the exercises that students will need to draw on a topic of their choice but agreed and accepted in the time and manner specified by the teacher. The project activities to be developed on the chosen theme can also be carried out in groups (maximum three people) and will be subject to three mandatory intermediate checks (deliveries), established at the beginning of the course. The exercises and design activities in the classroom are designed to guide the student in drafting the restoration project on the chosen theme. Finally, collective insights are planned, which will take place in the classroom also through the use of ppt presentations by the students.