Medicine and Surgery

Nuclear medicine diagnostic equipment (SPECT and PET) Nuclear medicine imaging by applying gamma-ray emitters Nuclear medicine imaging by applying positron emitters Overview of therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine

Basic knowledge about curriculum

Didactic material provided by the teacher Book: Manuale di diagnostica per immagini nella pratica medica. Giovagnorio. Editore. Società editrice Esculapio Medicina nucleare. Tecniche - metodologie - applicazioni. Cuocolo et al. Idelson Gnocchi Editore

Attendance to lesson is mandatory for 67%

Oral exam at the end of the course.

Usual teaching

- Radiation used in medicine: ionizing radiation (X, a, b, g), ultrasound, magnetic fields. - Analogue and digital images. - Conventional radiodiagnostics: techniques and methods. - Contrast media: indications and inconveniences. - Physical Principles of Radiology, Ultrasound, Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance - Vascular and interventional radiology. - Integrated techniques and methods for the study of various organs and systems. - Radiology equipment for image production. - Indications and limits of individual diagnostic procedures. - Recognize the main Radiological pictures at the RX Thorax. - Recognize the acute abdomen at the RX Direct Abdomen. - Clinical indications for the execution of RX, Ultrasound, CT and MRI in the main pathological pictures. - Guidelines for the diagnostic process of the main pathological conditions. - Vision and discussion of diagnostic frameworks of various organs and systems for individual pathologies.

Knowledge of anatomy. Knowledge of the pathophysiological principles of organ diseases. Basic knowledge of medical physics.

Cittadini. Diagnostica per immagini e radioterapia. Published by: Edra

Attendance is mandatory. Following the Regulations of the CdS, the student is required to attend educational activities, formal, non-formal, vocational. The frequency is checked by the teachers through signature / updated lists provided by the Academic Office, as established by CCL. The certificate of mandatory attendance to the teaching course is required to the student to be admitted at the final test.

To Pass the test student must obtain a note of 18/30 for each subject of the integrated teach. Student must possess a sufficient knowledge of the program To obtain a note of 30/30 with distinction student must possess an excellent knowledge of the whole program using a correct terminology to expose the topics

Physical principles of ultrasound. Equipment. Types of transducers and their clinical use: special transducers. Characteristics of the ultrasound beam. Analog / digital conversion. Broadband Concepts. Second harmonic. Harmonic tissue imaging. Physics of the Doppler effect. Advanced color doppler techniques. Echocolordoppler image analysis. Ultrasound semantics. Elementary injuries. Artifacts. 3D, 3D volumetric, 3D surface rendering, 4D. Echocontrastography: state of the art and innovation: structure of microbubbles, behavior of microbubbles.

In order to understand the contents of the course and achieve the learning objectives, at the beginning of the teaching activities provided for by the teaching module the student must possess the knowledge of ……………………………………….. Cultural prerequisites: Pursuant to the teaching regulations of the CdS, please note that to take the……………………………………… exam you must have passed the……………………………exam.

To pass the exam, we suggest a theoretical deepening already from the beginning of the course attendance. For the purpose of consultation and in-depth study, the recommended books are: Ultrasound - Didactic manual for the execution and interpretation of images. (Hofer - Mueller -Marbach -Busch publishing house Verduci) The topics covered during the course can be downloaded from the e-learning platform at the site:

Following the Regulations of the CdS, the student is required to attend educational activities, formal, non-formal, vocational. The attendance is checked by the teachers through signature / roll call, based on updated lists provided by the Academic Office, as established by CCL. The certificate of attendance to the course is mandatory and required to the student to be admitted at the final exam.

A questionnaire of 31 multiple choice questions will be distributed to the student. The student will have about 30 minutes to process the test. Each correct answer will be scored one point, wrong answers will not be counted. In case of 31 correct answers, honors will be awarded. It will be possible to clearly correct the answer given but only once.