Civil Engineering

The course will provide the basis for topographical survey. The planimetric and altimetric reference surfaces will be defined, together with the global and local reference systems and the transformations among these systems, as well as the relative cartographic representations. Furthermore an introduction will be provided into the tools and instruments for topographic surveying and into the statistical data processing methods for the relative observations. Participants shall achieve a thorough understanding of all reference systems (Datum) defined at national territority level with particular focus on the transformation problems between Datum. Furthermore participants shall be able to define the most adequate reference system for a specific survey and properly understand the modern measurement instruments in terms of usage, precision and application constraints. Finally they must be able to derive from the recorded observations the figures of interest with the relative precision