Medicine and Surgery HT

During the course the energetic aspects, the electric circuits and the electromagnetic field will be studied with applications of differential calculus. ELECTRIC CHARGE AND ELECTRIC FIELD. Insulators and conductors. Coulomb's law. Electric field generated by point charges. Electric field generated by continuous charge distributions. Electric field lines of force. Motion of a charged particle in an electric field. Electric dipole. GAUSS' LAW: Electric field flow. Gauss's law. Examples of application of Gauss's law. ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL. Electric potential energy and potential difference. Relationship between electric potential and electric field and potential. Electric potential generated by point charges. Electric potential generated by continuous charge distributions. Equipotential surfaces. CAPACITY. Capacitors. Capacity calculation. Capacitors in series and parallel. Electrical energy storage. ELECTRIC CURRENTS AND RESISTANCE. Electric current. Resistence. Ohm's law. Resistors in series and parallel. DIRECT CURRENT CIRCUITS. Electromotive force. Series circuits. RC circuits: charging and discharging capacitor. MAGNETISM. Magnets. Magnetic field. Force exerted by the magnetic field on electric charges. Force on an electric current in a magnetic field. Mechanical moment on a current-carrying loop: magnetic dipole moment. Applications: motors, speakers, galvanometers. SOURCES OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD. Magnetic field generated by currents. Biot-Savart law. Magnetic field on the axis of a current-carrying flat circular loop. Ampère's law. Applications of Ampère's law. Coaxial cables. Magnetic field generated by straight solenoids. Magnetic field generated by magnets: ferromagnetism. Electromagnets. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND FARADAY'S LAW. Induced electromotive force. Faraday's law of induction and Lenz's law. Alternating current generators. Transformers and transmission lines. ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES. Production of electromagnetic waves. Speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves. Light as an electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic spectrum. OPTICS. Rays model. Reflection and refraction from a flat surface: Snell's laws. Image formation from a plane mirror. Visible spectrum and dispersion. Total reflection and its application in optical fibers.

The student must have attended the Fundamentals of Physics course and the modules of Mathematical Analysis I, Mathematical Analysis II and Analytical Geometry

The text used for the Fundamentals of Medical Physics module can possibly be integrated with any university text on electromagnetism and optics that uses differential calculus (only as an example: Elements of Physics Mazzoldi-Nigro-Voci)

The course consists of 45 lectures, 2 hours each. Classroom sessions include exercises. Attendance at teaching is not mandatory.

The student is required to attend classroom lessons.

The exam consists of a written test consisting of applicative exercises. If the evaluation of the written test does not allow for an opinion to be formulated, anioral exam will also be required. The evaluation of the written test can be modified at the request of the student by taking an oral exam.

Classroom lessons with application examples, and exercises on exam problems