Medicine and Surgery HT

Introduction to frequency response of amplifiers. Method of time constants. (2 h) High-frequency circuit of MOS transistor: physical origin of parasitic capacitances. Low and high frequency response of MOS transistors: calculation of cutoff frequencies, transition frequency in common source, common drain and common gate configurations. Wideband electronic circuits. (4h) MOS differential cell: operation at large and small signals, CMRR, offset voltages, frequency response. Differential cell as op-amp input stage. (4h) Electronic devices used in medical imaging equipment: amorphous selenium photoconductors, crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon photodiodes, silicon photomultipliers. (6 h) Noise in electronic devices, minimum detectable signal at the input of amplifiers (4h) Transimpedance amplifiers used in biomedical imaging equipment: frequency and time response. Readout circuits in digital radiography. (6h) Electro-medical technologies and their management. Elements of cell biology relating to the generation and transmission of the bioelectrical signal. The electrocardiograph: the physiology of the heart, the detection of cardiac potentials, the electrocardiographic tracing, scheme and principle of operation. The electroencephalograph: the electroencephalogram, electrode positioning, characteristics of the electroencephalograph. Defibrillators and Pacemakers. Equipment for measuring blood pressure. Non-invasive methods, invasive methods. Pulmonary mechanics: Fundamental quantities and tools for measuring pulmonary mechanics. Lung ventilators and anesthesia machines. Operating rooms: technical-system characteristics, the main technologies and their interactions. Radiology: The physics of X-rays. The x-ray tube and the constitution of X-rays. The formation of the radiographic image. The technology of the radiological device: principle diagram of a traditional type of equipment. Hints of magnetic resonance imaging.

Basic skills in electrical engineering and physics.

S. Sedra, K. Smith, “Microelectronic Circuits”, Oxford University Press F.P. Branca, “Fondamentals of Clinical Engineering”, Volum 1 - Springer Notes from the lectures.

Attendance is mandatory at least for 75% of the total number of lectures.

Written and oral exam. The written exam requires the solution of some exercises/questions aimed at verifying the degree of knowledge of the course topics. The oral exam consists of one or more questions designed to verify the student's ability to connect the various parts of the program.

Lectures, exercises, seminars