Pharmacy

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Curriculum content of lecture-based classes: 1. Aspects of security and safety in a chemistry laboratory. (1 hours) 2. Pharmacopeia contents and monographs. (1 hours) 3. Separation and purification methods (10 hours) - Solvent extraction and pH dependency; liquid-liquid extraction; continuous extraction; solid-liquid extraction; solid-liquid extraction with Soxhlet. - Mixture separation through liquid-liquid extraction. - Chromatography: introduction; classification of chromatographic methods; mostly used solid and liquid stationary phases; separation mechanism (partition, expanded bed absorption, ion exchange, displacement, affinity). Planar chromatography on paper and TLC. Column chromatography. - Distillation: isobar and isotherm diagrams of ideal mixtures; simple distillation, vacuum distillation and fractional distillation of ideal and real mixtures; homogeneous and heterogeneous azeotropes; azeotropic distillation, steam distillation. - Crystallization: principles and methods. - Sublimation: principles and methods. 4. Chemical molecular analysis. (8 hours) - Melting point: theoretical and technical principles, effect of impurities on melting point, methods. - Boiling point: methods. Effect of impurities on boiling point. - Refraction index: methods, Abbe refractometer. - Absolute density and relative density: methods, pycnometer and Mohr-Westphal scale. - Polarimetry. 5. Chemical structural analyses (14 hours) - Preliminary assays: solubility, solvents, pH dependency. Solubility in acidic or basic solutions. - Organoleptic assay. - Calcination. - Lassaigne assay. - Identification assay for aromaticity and saturation. - Carboxylic acid identification: physical properties, solubility, acidity, identification assays. - Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Lactones identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amides identification: Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Nitriles identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amines identification: physical properties, solubility, basicity, identification assays. Hinsberg method for the detection of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. - Amino acids identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ketones and aldehydes identification: physical properties, solubility, carbonyl group reactivity, identification assays. - Carbohydrates identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Alcohols identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ethers and phenol identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Halogenated compounds identification: halogenated carboxylic compounds, halogenated alkyls and aryls (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). - Sulphurated compounds identification: sulphates, sulphonic acids, thiols, thiophenols, thioethers, disulphures (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). 6. Spectroscopic methods. (14 hours) - UV-Vis spectroscopy: electronic transitions, Lambert-Beer law. Instruments: light source, grating monochromator, prism monochromator, holder for the sample, phototubes, photomultiplier tubes. Influence on the absorbance. Application of UV-Vis spectroscopy to quantitative and qualitative analyses. Solvent and pH dependency on phenols and aromatic amine determination. FT spectroscopy. - IR spectroscopy: introduction, mechanic and harmonic models. Vibrational modes of linear and nonlinear compounds. Number of vibrational modes. Factors that influence IR resonance. Instruments. FT-IR. Sample preparation. Spectra interpretation. Catachrestic bands of functional groups. - NMR spectroscopy: introduction, instruments, solvents for sample preparation. 1H NMR: chemical shift, TMS as zero, signal intensity, integrals, spin-spin coupling, multiples analysis. Spectra interpretation. 13CNMR: principles. 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. Individual teaching laboratory lectures (60 hours): - Separation of a mixture by liquid/liquid extraction. - Crystallization. - Sublimation. - Calcination. - Solubility assay. - Melting point determination. - Functional groups identification according to the Pharmacopeia. - TLC analysis of Calcium pantothenate. - Identification of unknown substances given in the Pharmacopeia.

For a better understanding of the theoretical knowledge and technical skills, the student must have learned: - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the separation and purification methods. - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the chemical analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy. - Physics, important prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy.

- Caliendo, G. Manuale di Analisi Qualitativa, Ed. EdiSES For separation and purification methods, molecular analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy., and for chemical structural analysis. - Silverstein, R. M.; Webster, F. X.; Kiemle, D. J.; Bryce, D. L. Identificazione spettrometrica di composti organici, Ed. Ambrosiana For: IR and NMR spectroscopy.

The attendance of the course is mandatory, the presence in class is verified daily by the teacher. For theoretical lessons and spectroscopy exercises it is necessary to attend at least 65% of the lessons; for laboratory practice it is necessary to attend at least 75% of the appointments.

The assessment strategy is designed to verify student ability in critically evaluating and representing theoretical and practical knowledge acquired during the course. Assessment strategy: - At the end of the teaching laboratory lectures, the student has to identify and characterize 3 unknown chemical substances given in the Pharmacopeia. Self-direction and to act independently in choosing the right analytical process will be assessed. The test takes 8 hours divided by two laboratory lectures. - End-of-course oral exam consists of: o A first part where the student has to interpret simple spectroscopic data (IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra) in terms of absorption bands, chemical shifts, integration traces and spin-spin coupling patterns. o A second part where will be assessed both theoretical and practical knowledge of the most common methods of separating and purifying chemical substances (extraction methods, chromatography, distillation, sublimation and crystallization), of the most common instrumental chemical analysis techniques to determine physicochemical measurements (melting point, boiling point, density, refractive index and specific optical rotation) and of qualitative chemical structural analyses (identification of functional groups) and UV-visible, infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). To pass the exam the student must achieve a minimum score of 18/30. The student must demonstrate that he has acquired sufficient knowledge of spectroscopic analysis and the main separation and purification methods and a basic knowledge of recognition assays. To achieve a score of 30/30 cum laude, the student must demonstrate that he has acquired excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to connect them in a logical and coherent way.

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Teaching/learning methods and strategies: - 48 hours lectures will be used to deliver the core material supplemented with videos. - 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. - The practical sessions will complement the material presented in lectures by 60 hours individual teaching laboratory lectures. It will provide guidance and experience of following written experimental procedures and help students to consolidate their practical skills and the subsequent reporting and analysis of practical results.

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Curriculum content of lecture-based classes: 1. Aspects of security and safety in a chemistry laboratory. (1 hours) 2. Pharmacopeia contents and monographs. (1 hours) 3. Separation and purification methods (10 hours) - Solvent extraction and pH dependency; liquid-liquid extraction; continuous extraction; solid-liquid extraction; solid-liquid extraction with Soxhlet. - Mixture separation through liquid-liquid extraction. - Chromatography: introduction; classification of chromatographic methods; mostly used solid and liquid stationary phases; separation mechanism (partition, expanded bed absorption, ion exchange, displacement, affinity). Planar chromatography on paper and TLC. Column chromatography. - Distillation: isobar and isotherm diagrams of ideal mixtures; simple distillation, vacuum distillation and fractional distillation of ideal and real mixtures; homogeneous and heterogeneous azeotropes; azeotropic distillation, steam distillation. - Crystallization: principles and methods. - Sublimation: principles and methods. 4. Chemical molecular analysis. (8 hours) - Melting point: theoretical and technical principles, effect of impurities on melting point, methods. - Boiling point: methods. Effect of impurities on boiling point. - Refraction index: methods, Abbe refractometer. - Absolute density and relative density: methods, pycnometer and Mohr-Westphal scale. - Polarimetry. 5. Chemical structural analyses (14 hours) - Preliminary assays: solubility, solvents, pH dependency. Solubility in acidic or basic solutions. - Organoleptic assay. - Calcination. - Lassaigne assay. - Identification assay for aromaticity and saturation. - Carboxylic acid identification: physical properties, solubility, acidity, identification assays. - Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Lactones identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amides identification: Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Nitriles identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amines identification: physical properties, solubility, basicity, identification assays. Hinsberg method for the detection of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. - Amino acids identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ketones and aldehydes identification: physical properties, solubility, carbonyl group reactivity, identification assays. - Carbohydrates identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Alcohols identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ethers and phenol identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Halogenated compounds identification: halogenated carboxylic compounds, halogenated alkyls and aryls (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). - Sulphurated compounds identification: sulphates, sulphonic acids, thiols, thiophenols, thioethers, disulphures (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). 6. Spectroscopic methods. (14 hours) - UV-Vis spectroscopy: electronic transitions, Lambert-Beer law. Instruments: light source, grating monochromator, prism monochromator, holder for the sample, phototubes, photomultiplier tubes. Influence on the absorbance. Application of UV-Vis spectroscopy to quantitative and qualitative analyses. Solvent and pH dependency on phenols and aromatic amine determination. FT spectroscopy. - IR spectroscopy: introduction, mechanic and harmonic models. Vibrational modes of linear and nonlinear compounds. Number of vibrational modes. Factors that influence IR resonance. Instruments. FT-IR. Sample preparation. Spectra interpretation. Catachrestic bands of functional groups. - NMR spectroscopy: introduction, instruments, solvents for sample preparation. 1H NMR: chemical shift, TMS as zero, signal intensity, integrals, spin-spin coupling, multiples analysis. Spectra interpretation. 13CNMR: principles. 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. Individual teaching laboratory lectures (60 hours): - Separation of a mixture by liquid/liquid extraction. - Crystallization. - Sublimation. - Calcination. - Solubility assay. - Melting point determination. - Functional groups identification according to the Pharmacopeia. - TLC analysis of Calcium pantothenate. - Identification of unknown substances given in the Pharmacopeia.

For a better understanding of the theoretical knowledge and technical skills, the student must have learned: - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the separation and purification methods. - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the chemical analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy. - Physics, important prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy.

- Caliendo, G. Manuale di Analisi Qualitativa, Ed. EdiSES For separation and purification methods, molecular analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy., and for chemical structural analysis. - Silverstein, R. M.; Webster, F. X.; Kiemle, D. J.; Bryce, D. L. Identificazione spettrometrica di composti organici, Ed. Ambrosiana For: IR and NMR spectroscopy.

The attendance of the course is mandatory, the presence in class is verified daily by the teacher. For theoretical lessons and spectroscopy exercises it is necessary to attend at least 65% of the lessons; for laboratory practice it is necessary to attend at least 75% of the appointments.

The assessment strategy is designed to verify student ability in critically evaluating and representing theoretical and practical knowledge acquired during the course. Assessment strategy: - At the end of the teaching laboratory lectures, the student has to identify and characterize 3 unknown chemical substances given in the Pharmacopeia. Self-direction and to act independently in choosing the right analytical process will be assessed. The test takes 8 hours divided by two laboratory lectures. - End-of-course oral exam consists of: o A first part where the student has to interpret simple spectroscopic data (IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra) in terms of absorption bands, chemical shifts, integration traces and spin-spin coupling patterns. o A second part where will be assessed both theoretical and practical knowledge of the most common methods of separating and purifying chemical substances (extraction methods, chromatography, distillation, sublimation and crystallization), of the most common instrumental chemical analysis techniques to determine physicochemical measurements (melting point, boiling point, density, refractive index and specific optical rotation) and of qualitative chemical structural analyses (identification of functional groups) and UV-visible, infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). To pass the exam the student must achieve a minimum score of 18/30. The student must demonstrate that he has acquired sufficient knowledge of spectroscopic analysis and the main separation and purification methods and a basic knowledge of recognition assays. To achieve a score of 30/30 cum laude, the student must demonstrate that he has acquired excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to connect them in a logical and coherent way.

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Teaching/learning methods and strategies: - 48 hours lectures will be used to deliver the core material supplemented with videos. - 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. - The practical sessions will complement the material presented in lectures by 60 hours individual teaching laboratory lectures. It will provide guidance and experience of following written experimental procedures and help students to consolidate their practical skills and the subsequent reporting and analysis of practical results.

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Curriculum content of lecture-based classes: 1. Aspects of security and safety in a chemistry laboratory. (1 hours) 2. Pharmacopeia contents and monographs. (1 hours) 3. Separation and purification methods (10 hours) - Solvent extraction and pH dependency; liquid-liquid extraction; continuous extraction; solid-liquid extraction; solid-liquid extraction with Soxhlet. - Mixture separation through liquid-liquid extraction. - Chromatography: introduction; classification of chromatographic methods; mostly used solid and liquid stationary phases; separation mechanism (partition, expanded bed absorption, ion exchange, displacement, affinity). Planar chromatography on paper and TLC. Column chromatography. - Distillation: isobar and isotherm diagrams of ideal mixtures; simple distillation, vacuum distillation and fractional distillation of ideal and real mixtures; homogeneous and heterogeneous azeotropes; azeotropic distillation, steam distillation. - Crystallization: principles and methods. - Sublimation: principles and methods. 4. Chemical molecular analysis. (8 hours) - Melting point: theoretical and technical principles, effect of impurities on melting point, methods. - Boiling point: methods. Effect of impurities on boiling point. - Refraction index: methods, Abbe refractometer. - Absolute density and relative density: methods, pycnometer and Mohr-Westphal scale. - Polarimetry. 5. Chemical structural analyses (14 hours) - Preliminary assays: solubility, solvents, pH dependency. Solubility in acidic or basic solutions. - Organoleptic assay. - Calcination. - Lassaigne assay. - Identification assay for aromaticity and saturation. - Carboxylic acid identification: physical properties, solubility, acidity, identification assays. - Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Lactones identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amides identification: Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Nitriles identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amines identification: physical properties, solubility, basicity, identification assays. Hinsberg method for the detection of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. - Amino acids identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ketones and aldehydes identification: physical properties, solubility, carbonyl group reactivity, identification assays. - Carbohydrates identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Alcohols identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ethers and phenol identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Halogenated compounds identification: halogenated carboxylic compounds, halogenated alkyls and aryls (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). - Sulphurated compounds identification: sulphates, sulphonic acids, thiols, thiophenols, thioethers, disulphures (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). 6. Spectroscopic methods. (14 hours) - UV-Vis spectroscopy: electronic transitions, Lambert-Beer law. Instruments: light source, grating monochromator, prism monochromator, holder for the sample, phototubes, photomultiplier tubes. Influence on the absorbance. Application of UV-Vis spectroscopy to quantitative and qualitative analyses. Solvent and pH dependency on phenols and aromatic amine determination. FT spectroscopy. - IR spectroscopy: introduction, mechanic and harmonic models. Vibrational modes of linear and nonlinear compounds. Number of vibrational modes. Factors that influence IR resonance. Instruments. FT-IR. Sample preparation. Spectra interpretation. Catachrestic bands of functional groups. - NMR spectroscopy: introduction, instruments, solvents for sample preparation. 1H NMR: chemical shift, TMS as zero, signal intensity, integrals, spin-spin coupling, multiples analysis. Spectra interpretation. 13CNMR: principles. 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. Individual teaching laboratory lectures (60 hours): - Separation of a mixture by liquid/liquid extraction. - Crystallization. - Sublimation. - Calcination. - Solubility assay. - Melting point determination. - Functional groups identification according to the Pharmacopeia. - TLC analysis of Calcium pantothenate. - Identification of unknown substances given in the Pharmacopeia.

For a better understanding of the theoretical knowledge and technical skills, the student must have learned: - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the separation and purification methods. - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the chemical analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy. - Physics, important prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy.

- Caliendo, G. Manuale di Analisi Qualitativa, Ed. EdiSES For separation and purification methods, molecular analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy., and for chemical structural analysis. - Silverstein, R. M.; Webster, F. X.; Kiemle, D. J.; Bryce, D. L. Identificazione spettrometrica di composti organici, Ed. Ambrosiana For: IR and NMR spectroscopy.

The attendance of the course is mandatory, the presence in class is verified daily by the teacher. For theoretical lessons and spectroscopy exercises it is necessary to attend at least 65% of the lessons; for laboratory practice it is necessary to attend at least 75% of the appointments.

The assessment strategy is designed to verify student ability in critically evaluating and representing theoretical and practical knowledge acquired during the course. Assessment strategy: - At the end of the teaching laboratory lectures, the student has to identify and characterize 3 unknown chemical substances given in the Pharmacopeia. Self-direction and to act independently in choosing the right analytical process will be assessed. The test takes 8 hours divided by two laboratory lectures. - End-of-course oral exam consists of: o A first part where the student has to interpret simple spectroscopic data (IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra) in terms of absorption bands, chemical shifts, integration traces and spin-spin coupling patterns. o A second part where will be assessed both theoretical and practical knowledge of the most common methods of separating and purifying chemical substances (extraction methods, chromatography, distillation, sublimation and crystallization), of the most common instrumental chemical analysis techniques to determine physicochemical measurements (melting point, boiling point, density, refractive index and specific optical rotation) and of qualitative chemical structural analyses (identification of functional groups) and UV-visible, infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). To pass the exam the student must achieve a minimum score of 18/30. The student must demonstrate that he has acquired sufficient knowledge of spectroscopic analysis and the main separation and purification methods and a basic knowledge of recognition assays. To achieve a score of 30/30 cum laude, the student must demonstrate that he has acquired excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to connect them in a logical and coherent way.

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Teaching/learning methods and strategies: - 48 hours lectures will be used to deliver the core material supplemented with videos. - 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. - The practical sessions will complement the material presented in lectures by 60 hours individual teaching laboratory lectures. It will provide guidance and experience of following written experimental procedures and help students to consolidate their practical skills and the subsequent reporting and analysis of practical results.

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Curriculum content of lecture-based classes: 1. Aspects of security and safety in a chemistry laboratory. (1 hour) 2. Pharmacopeia contents and monographs. (1 hour) 3. Separation and purification methods (10 hours) - Solvent extraction and pH dependency; liquid-liquid extraction; continuous extraction; solid-liquid extraction; solid-liquid extraction with Soxhlet. - Mixture separation through liquid-liquid extraction. - Chromatography: introduction; classification of chromatographic methods; mostly used solid and liquid stationary phases; separation mechanism (partition, expanded bed absorption, ion exchange, displacement, affinity). Planar chromatography on paper and TLC. Column chromatography. - Distillation: isobar and isotherm diagrams of ideal mixtures; simple distillation, vacuum distillation and fractional distillation of ideal and real mixtures; homogeneous and heterogeneous azeotropes; azeotropic distillation, steam distillation. - Crystallization: principles and methods. - Sublimation: principles and methods. 4. Chemical molecular analysis. (8 hours) - Melting point: theoretical and technical principles, effect of impurities on melting point, methods. - Boiling point: methods. Effect of impurities on boiling point. - Refraction index: methods, Abbe refractometer. - Absolute density and relative density: methods, pycnometer and Mohr-Westphal scale. - Polarimetry. 5. Chemical structural analyses (14 hours) - Preliminary assays: solubility, solvents, pH dependency. Solubility in acidic or basic solutions. - Organoleptic assay. - Calcination. - Lassaigne assay. - Identification assay for aromaticity and saturation. - Carboxylic acid identification: physical properties, solubility, acidity, identification assays. - Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Lactones identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amides identification: Esters identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. Hydrolysis. - Nitriles identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Amines identification: physical properties, solubility, basicity, identification assays. Hinsberg method for the separation of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. - Amino acids identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ketones and aldehydes identification: physical properties, solubility, carbonyl group reactivity, identification assays. - Carbohydrates identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Alcohols identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Ethers and phenol identification: physical properties, solubility, identification assays. - Halogenated compounds identification: halogenated carboxylic compounds, halogenated alkyls and aryls (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). - Sulphurated compounds identification: sulphates, sulphonic acids, thiols, thiophenols, thioethers, disulphures (physical properties, solubility, identification assays). 6. Spectroscopic methods. (14 hours) - UV-Vis spectroscopy: electronic transitions, Lambert-Beer law. Single beam and double beams instruments. Factor influencing the wavelength and intensity of absorbance. Application of UV-Vis spectroscopy to qualitative analyses. Solvent and pH dependency on phenols and aromatic amine determination. Derivative spectroscopy. - IR spectroscopy: introduction, mechanic and harmonic models. Vibrational modes of linear and nonlinear compounds. Number of vibrational modes. Factors that influence IR resonance. Instruments. FT-IR. Sample preparation. Spectra interpretation. Characteristic bands of functional groups. - NMR spectroscopy: introduction, instruments, solvents for sample preparation. 1H NMR: chemical shift, TMS as zero, number of signal, intensity and integrals, spin-spin coupling, multiplets analysis. Spectra interpretation. 13CNMR: principles. 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. Individual teaching laboratory lectures (60 hours): - Separation of a mixture by liquid/liquid extraction. - Crystallization. - Sublimation. - Calcination. - Solubility assay. - Melting point determination. - Functional groups identification according to the Pharmacopeia. - TLC analysis of Calcium pantothenate. - Identification of unknown substances given in the Pharmacopeia.

For a better understanding of the theoretical knowledge and technical skills, the student must have learned: - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the separation and purification methods. - General chemistry and organic chemistry, necessary prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of the chemical analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy. - Physics, important prerequisites for understanding the theoretical knowledge of analysis techniques and molecular spectroscopy. For attending Drug Analysis I, student must have attended Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry.

- Caliendo, G. Manuale di Analisi Qualitativa, Ed. EdiSES For separation and purification methods, molecular analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy., and for chemical structural analysis. - Silverstein, R. M.; Webster, F. X.; Kiemle, D. J.; Bryce, D. L. Identificazione spettrometrica di composti organici, Ed. Ambrosiana For: IR and NMR spectroscopy.

Mandatory

The assessment strategy is designed to verify student ability in critically evaluating and representing theoretical and practical knowledge acquired during the course. Assessment strategy: - At the end of the teaching laboratory lectures, the student has to identify and characterize 3 unknown chemical substances given in the Pharmacopeia. Self-direction and to act independently in choosing the right analytical process will be assessed. The test takes 8 hours divided by two laboratory lectures. - End-of-course written exam consists of: o A first part where the student has to interpret simple spectroscopic data (IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra) in terms of absorption bands, chemical shifts, integration traces and spin-spin coupling patterns. o A second part where both theoretical and practical knowledge of the most common methods of separating and purifying chemical substances (extraction methods, chromatography, distillation, sublimation and crystallization), of the most common instrumental chemical analysis techniques to determine physicochemical measurements (melting point, boiling point, density, refractive index and specific optical rotation) and of qualitative chemical structural analyses (identification of functional groups) and UV-visible, infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) will be assessed. It is a requirement that the major categories of assessment are passed separately in order to achieve an overall pass.

This course provides the student with the theoretical knowledge and technical skills to perform drug analysis and identification through analytical chemistry and spectroscopic methods. Teaching/learning methods and strategies: - 48 hours lectures will be used to deliver the core material supplemented with videos. - 12 hours of flipped classroom for analysis of IR and NMR spectra. - The practical sessions will complement the material presented in lectures by 60 hours individual teaching laboratory lectures. It will provide guidance and experience of following written experimental procedures and help students to consolidate their practical skills and the subsequent reporting and analysis of practical results.