Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
Purpose of the course is to provide the student with fundamental concepts of general and inorganic chemistry and also of stoichiometry calculations, which constitute the basis for the correct comprehension of concepts of organic, analytical, (phyto)therapeutic and biological chemistry developed in courses held in the following semesters. It deals with the indispensable topics for a correct understanding of matter and its transformations. The course includes numerical exercises that make the student able to face the problems he/she will encounter in the various areas of chemistry, providing the essential tools for their analysis.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
The student will have the opportunity to master the concepts underlying the properties and reactivity of matter, from elements to chemical compounds, learn about general chemical structures and models, and understand the problems related to stoichiometry. He/she therefore understand the basic principles of general chemistry starting from the atomic structure, the periodic table and the chemical bond, up to chemical reactions (qualitative and quantitative aspects) with elements of kinetics and description of the aggregation states of matter included the concentrations units of the solutions. So, he/she is able to perform stoichiometric calculations, to balance redox reactions, to predict the composition of an equilibrium, to identify the speed of a reaction, to perform calculations on the solubility and pH of the solutions. He/she will also have acquired a basic knowledge of the properties of the elements and their compounds, including nomenclature.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
Upon completion of the course the student will be able to correlate the various topics developed in the program by relating the properties of matter with the properties of atoms and molecules. He/she will also become familiar with the correct and appropriate application of calculation tools, using the disciplinary methods of investigation, in order to solve application questions.
3. Making judgements
The lectures will be all interactive, in which the professor will ask continually questions to students to stimulate them and develop their critical sense. These questions allow both to evaluate the understanding of the students and solicit them to make connections with everything studied until now. The organization of the relevant exercises about the topics covered in the lectures will offer the student the opportunity to put to the test the knowledge acquired in relation to the various themes proposed. This allows to develop the ability to apply the concepts studied to practical cases and to critically evaluate the outcome and the method used in the procedures adopted.
4. Communication skills
In addition to providing basic knowledge, the course aims to make the student acquire mastery of language and appropriate use of chemical terminology and scientific method, essential for communicating in the national and international scientific context. To this end, ample space is dedicated to informal interventions and discussions during the lessons and to the final exam.
5. Learning skills
The stimulus to use a correct scientific formalism and to formulate logically consistent deductions starting from the concepts and principles that underlie chemical science constitute a solid training towards cultural growth in the autonomy of future studies and professional activities.
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Educational objectives The main educational objectives of the Course in Pharmacognosy, Phytotherapy and Phytovigilance are to provide the student the knowledge about the pharmacological and toxicological activity of medicinal plants and their derivatives. The knowledge and skills acquired, during the course, common to two (in “Scienze erboristiche” and in “Informazione Scientifica sul Farmaco”) of the three curricula of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, will be usable by both professional figures in the field of work, in which the expected learning outcomes are relate to: quality control, composition, safety, possible effectiveness and relative promotion/advertising of products of plant origin.
The course takes place in an alternation of lectures (useful to address the concepts of basic theory) and of moments of practical comparison in the classroom (suitable to stimulate the student's critical-applicative skills). Another educational objective is to acquire training skills, useful to provide students with the knowledge to orient themselves on the Internet websites, and discriminating skills among the information available on medicinal plants, in terms of quality and scientific evidences.
The specific objectives of the Course concern the acquisition by the student of transversal skills, including the detailed knowledge of: the main regulations of the sector and consequent commercial typology various herbal products (herbal medicinal products of traditional and consolidated use, herbal food/dietary supplements, homeopathic, functional foods, novel foods, nutraceuticals, “cosmeceuticals” and cosmetics containing plants); the acquisition of critical skills and judgment of the composition of what is available on the market and of the main innovations of the sector, of biological activity and of the safety of use of vegetable preparations. In this last context, particular attention will be devoted to the Phytosurveillance of suspected adverse reactions and to the functioning of the Italian Phytovigilance System.
At the end of the course, the student will be able to communicate effectively what has been learned and can continue the study independently in the course of life, thanks to the skills acquired in the concepts learned and in the implementation methods of research of information in the field of medicinal plants. During the course, websites and bibliographic references and contact with industry associations, possibly useful for developing collaborative relationships in the world of work, will be provided. Based on the knowledge acquired, the graduate in Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences will have the necessary skills to carry out his profession in the pharmaceutical and / or herbal and possibly regulatory fields.
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Educational objectives General expected learning outcomes
The course in Applied Pharmacognosy aims to provide students with an advanced and professionally oriented understanding of herbal drugs, with particular focus on their production, processing, preparation, and analysis, for their application in the pharmaceutical field. Building on previous courses in pharmacognosy, phytotherapy, and phytovigilance, this course is designed to consolidate and expand theoretical knowledge by guiding students toward an integrated and practical understanding of the role of medicinal plants in research and the development of natural products for therapeutic, nutraceutical and cosmetic use.
The course seeks to develop specific competencies in analytical and pharmacological methodologies used for the study and valorization of plant-derived materials, with particular emphasis on innovative strategies aimed at improving the quality, safety, and efficacy of herbal preparations. Special attention will be given to laboratory activities, considered essential for gaining familiarity with control and analytical techniques used in applied research and in the herbal and pharmaceutical industries.
Specific expected learning outcomes
1. Knowledge and understanding
Students will acquire in-depth knowledge of herbal drugs and their production processes, with a focus on applied research and technological innovation. Particular attention will be given to methods for studying phytochemical and pharmacological properties and to advanced preparation processes. Students will learn to understand and apply scientific strategies and analytical techniques aimed at the standardization and valorization of plant materials, the optimization of their properties, and the development of new medicinal plant-based preparations.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will be able to apply analytical and experimental methodologies to study herbal drugs and their preparations, particularly concerning the characterization of phytoconstituents and the evaluation of pharmacological and toxicological profiles, as well as quality control. They will also be able to use advanced tools and technologies for the standardization and functional optimization of new plant-based products intended for pharmaceutical, herbal, cosmetic, or nutraceutical use.
3. Making judgements
Students will develop the ability to critically evaluate scientific data on the composition, pharmacological, and toxicological activity of plant products. They will also analyze innovative strategies applied in the research and development of medicinal plant-based preparations, identify critical issues, and propose evidence-based and innovation-driven improvements.
4. Communication skills
Students will be able to communicate clearly and effectively using appropriate scientific and technical language, presenting data and processes related to the production and analysis of herbal preparations in professional contexts, and interacting consciously with industry professionals, regulatory bodies, or consumers.
5. Learning skills
Students will develop methodological tools and critical thinking skills that will enable them to pursue autonomous lifelong learning or to continue their academic studies, including research activities in the field of medicinal plants and natural products.
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