Oriental Languages and Cultures

Educational objectives

Upon completion of the course the student, already provided with basic knowledge of general and historical linguistics imparted during the undergraduate program, will acquire some more specific skills in the field of modern language analysis. The aspects of the language that the course will focus on range from syntax to semantics, from the grammatical typology to language related philosophical problems. Recent theories in Linguistics Philosophy of language will be presented with a critical approach and a historical contextualization, rather than dogmatically. The student will also acquire various practical skills inherent to each type of linguistic analysis in question (going from constructing syntactic trees to solving simple problems in propositional logic), also through special practical exercises during the classes. The final aim of the course is to provide the student with the ability to read modern literature in the field of linguistics and to construct a logically coherent scientific discourse, also as a preparation for drafting the graduation thesis.

Educational objectives

Acquisition of fundamental concepts of the subject: theoretical and practical aspects. Knowledge of theories and methods of the teaching-learning process of a foreign or second language. Theoretical concepts and operational tools in the teaching-learning of foreign languages and of italian as L2; relationship between lexicon and grammar, analysis of intercultural education.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: this course aims to transmit the fundamental elements for an in-depth knowledge of Arab nationalism as a historical and cultural phenomenon that structured the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to the present, framing it in the knowledge of the development of nationalism as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledges and skills: 1) knowledge of the political, social and cultural dynamics of the phenomenon of nationalism at the global and Arab level and of their main scientific interpretations; 2) knowledge of the developments of the phenomenon of nationalism in the Arab world both in the specific framework of contemporary history of Arab countries, as well as within a broader framework of global historical dynamics; 3) ability to read and analyze critically interpretative texts about Arab nationalism and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

Knowledge and understanding: This course will introduce students to the study of the Ottoman Empire, from its inception as a frontier principality in the late 13th century through its many transformations as one the largest and most-long lasting empires in world history, until its demise in the 20th century. This course, through different theoretical approaches and discussing also primary sources in translation, will help the students to overcome the established Eurocentric narratives on the Ottoman Empire, focusing, in particular, on its legacy for contemporary Middle East, North Africa and Europe.
Applying knowledge and understanding: Students will be able to analyze the rise and the evolution of the Ottoman empire in the broader context of world history while examining its peculiarities and the reasons that determined the emergence of a Eurocentric narrative on the Ottomans. They will also be able to have a more in-depth knowledge of the historiographical debates that concern various aspects of the study of Ottoman history.
Making judgements: Students will be able to analyze critically the knowledge they have acquired and formulate their own judgments. These skills will be built up also through promoting independent and collaborative learning activities such as self-direct learning, written essays, Problem Based Learning (PBS).
Communication skills: the students will learn how to express their ideas clearly and adequately and how to communicate effectively what has been learned. These skills will be enhanced by promoting collaborative learning activities such as Think-Pair-Share (TPS), small discussion groups, simulations, peer reading and peer editing.
Learning skills: the students will learn how to study in a self-directed and autonomous way, understand their shortcomings and conceive and develop a self-learning project within a set time limit. These skills will be enhanced by activities such as flipped classroom, self-evaluation exercises and written essays.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of Arabic literary production from the twentieth century up to the present day. Attention will be paid to sources and methods apt to a comprehension of the literary phenomena. Specific aims: at the end of the course the student: 1) knows some of the most significant Arab authors and some works of the literary production of the twentieth century up to the present day; 2) is able to contextualize authors and their works within a general frame of historical-political and literary dynamics. 3) is able to read and translate literary texts from Arabic on the basis of notions learned by teaching; 4) is able to present an argument related to the topic under study both orally and in writing, also in Arabic, and also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his study on the basis of the tools that were provided to him during the exercises.

Educational objectives

Designed for Master students of Arabic language interested in discovering a number of disciplines linked to the Arabic written culture, e.g. Palaeography, Codicology, Numismatics, Papyrology, Sphragistic.
From pre-Islamic inscriptions to modern graffiti, a number of written source will be presented and discussed from a philological and historical point of view, in order to highlight their meaning and cultural value.

Educational objectives

Aim of the teaching unit is to give students knowledge and comprehension skills in the field of
ISLAMIC ARCHEOLOGY I A, that complete and/or reinforce those acquired in the first grade of studies. Moreover, it will make the students able to approach orginal themes in a research context, making more complex judgments, communicating knowledge and its process, and studying the subject in an independent and self-educational way.

The purpose of the course is a deepening of the archaeological data and sources of the first Islamic period, aimed at the reconstruction of the intended use of the buildings and of the iconographic programs (coinage included).

Educational objectives

The course will present and elaborate on specific themes in the field of archaeology and the art history of the Indian Subcontinent and Central Asia.
Methodological questions (history of research as well as analytical criteria and interpretive approaches applied to the chosen theme) will receive special
emphasis, with the aim of enhancing students' understanding of the scholarly debate as well as their skills of critical judgment.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with advanced knowledge related to the Archaeology of the Preclassic Levant, starting from the history of studies, and their methodological implications and influences in 20th century research, up to the analysis of a monographic topic, such as architecture, material culture, art, technology, funerary contexts, and their historical consequences, through the Bronze and Iron Age, between the 4th and 1st millennium BC, on the basis of up-to-date scientific literature, in line with what is foreseen by the Master’s Degree Course in Oriental Languages and Civilisations.
The course therefore has a historical-archaeological objective, on the one hand, aimed at deepening the knowledge of the Archaeology of the Levant and its socio-cultural dynamics starting from the archaeological evidence, between the Bronze and Iron Ages, by means of the monographic subject and the most recent discoveries, and a methodological objective, on the other, that is, to increase the analytical and critical capabilities of the phenomena studied.
Among the learning outcomes, the student is expected to possess the ability to contextualise the topics dealt with in the course, in space and time, establishing connections and comparisons, with an autonomous reasoning capacity and critical elaboration of the arguments dealt with, mastering the bibliography of reference. This teaching covers topics related to the realisation of Goals 4, 16 and 17 of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide an advanced knowledge of the cultural landscape of ancient Mediterranean with a particular focus on the role of cultural mediators played by the Phoenicians, both in the pre- and post-classical eras. During the lessons, the student will acquire the specific skills and the methodology to formulate a critical thinking, and evaluate issues, developing independent judgments, ideas, problems and original reflections.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course aims to deepen the knowledge of the morphology and
written praxes of the Japanese language, particularly in the premodern period, with the
specific goal of enabling the learner to read, interpret, and translate archival sources and
documents written according to the stylistic convention of sinitic literacy and clerical
writings. The course also involves a reasoned study of the major evolutions of the
Japanese notation and writing conventions through the centuries, with advanced notions of
paleography and diplomatics useful for conducting an analytical examination of original
specimens of significant literary, documentary, and archival value.
Specific objectives: By the end of the course, the learner will be able to read and interpret
premodern texts of different categories and genres; will have a thorough knowledge of the
history of Japanese archival science and will be able to identify, transcribe, classify, and
interpret documents written in cursive or semi-cursive script, types of manuscripts, and
historical printed editions.

Educational objectives

The training consists of formative activities performed out of the frame of the study course, preferably in multilinguistic and multicultural contexts.

Educational objectives

This educational activity aims to assess and enhance computer literacy skills within the
specific field of digital humanities. Its main objective is to convey: the fundamental
concepts of computers and their use in educational and research activities, the essential
functions required for efficient computer usage, the role of programs as interfaces between
the computer and the user, and the functional and operational characteristics of virtual
work environments useful for students in the degree programs of foreign languages and
literatures and languages and cultures. In particular, the focus will be on digital
applications in the cultural sector explored from various perspectives, with both theoretical
and practical knowledge of the changes and processes of knowledge production
reorganization that underlie the ongoing dialogue between computer science and
humanities disciplines.

Educational objectives

This educational activity aims to assess and enhance computer literacy skills within the
specific field of digital humanities. Its main objective is to convey: the fundamental
concepts of computers and their use in educational and research activities, the essential
functions required for efficient computer usage, the role of programs as interfaces between
the computer and the user, and the functional and operational characteristics of virtual
work environments useful for students in the degree programs of foreign languages and
literatures and languages and cultures. In particular, the focus will be on digital
applications in the cultural sector explored from various perspectives, with both theoretical
and practical knowledge of the changes and processes of knowledge production
reorganization that underlie the ongoing dialogue between computer science and
humanities disciplines.

Educational objectives

The training consists of formative activities performed out of the frame of the study course, preferably in multilinguistic and multicultural contexts.

Educational objectives

The training consists of formative activities performed out of the frame of the study course, preferably in multilinguistic and multicultural contexts.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: the course aims to convey the fundamental elements for a thorough knowledge of the course theme as a historical and cultural structuring phenomenon of the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to today, framing it in the knowledge of the development of the phenomenon as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledge and skills: 1) knowledge of the historical, social and cultural dynamics of the course theme at the global level and at the Arab world level, and their main scientific interpretations; 2) ability to place the developments of the phenomenon object of the course both within a broader framework of historical dynamics, as well as in the specific framework of the contemporary history of the Arab countries; 3) ability to read and analyze critical and interpretative texts of the course theme and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of Arabic literary production from the twentieth century up to the present day. Attention will be paid to sources and methods apt to a comprehension of the literary phenomena. Specific aims: at the end of the course the student: 1) knows some of the most significant Arab authors and some works of the literary production of the twentieth century up to the present day; 2) is able to contextualize authors and their works within a general frame of historical-political and literary dynamics. 3) is able to read and translate literary texts from Arabic on the basis of notions learned by teaching; 4) is able to present an argument related to the topic under study both orally and in writing, also in Arabic, and also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his study on the basis of the tools that were provided to him during the exercises.

Educational objectives

Designed for Master students of Arabic language interested in discovering a number of disciplines linked to the Arabic written culture, e.g. Palaeography, Codicology, Numismatics, Papyrology, Sphragistic.
From pre-Islamic inscriptions to modern graffiti, a number of written source will be presented and discussed from a philological and historical point of view, in order to highlight their meaning and cultural value.

Educational objectives

General goals: detailed presentation of the history of the Iranian languages and the texts written in Iranian languages. Specific goals: at the end of the course, the student (1) knows the general development trends and the documentation of the Iranian languages; 2) is able to situate single phenomena within the general framework of Iranian linguistic history; 3) is able to deal with texts in Iranian languages and the relevant secondary literature on the basis of the notions learnt in class; 4) is able to present orally and in writing arguments concerning Iranian philology also on the basis of appropriate training; 5) is able to continue one’s studies autonomously also on the basis of instructions on how to plan research projects.

Educational objectives

The course aims to introduce the student to the study of variation in Arabic. During the course, the students will deepen their knowledge in the field of Arabic dialectology and
be introduced to the study of linguistic variation related to the context of use. Students will acquire a general knowledge of the linguistic geography of Arabic and in-depth
knowledge of a specific dialect on both a theoretical and practical level. They will also acquire the theoretical knowledge necessary for the study of linguistic variation related
to context of use and will be able to apply this knowledge to original Arabic texts, on which they will be trained to conduct sociolinguistic analyses.

Educational objectives

The course focuses on general aspects of the Akkadian language, specifically on the Old Babylonian dialect (XVIII-XV centuries BCE). The main features of Akkadian phonetics, morphology, and syntax will be studied during the course. Students attending the course and preparing for the exam should develop the necessary skills to read and translate Akkadian texts, as well as to conduct philological analysis. Additionally, students will receive an introduction to the basics of cuneiform writing. The skills acquired during the course will complement and enhance those gained in other courses on Near Eastern languages and literature within the undergraduate program.
Throughout the lessons, or via textbook readings and supplementary materials, students will engage in the analysis of various features of the Akkadian language through exercises and texts drawn from legal documents, contracts, letters, and so on.
The course aims to equip students with the following competencies: general knowledge of the Akkadian language, including its historical and geographical context; skills related to source analysis and evaluation; understanding of Akkadian phonetics, grammar, and syntax; proficiency in translating and analyzing Akkadian texts; critical thinking skills, enabling students to integrate acquired knowledge and actively engage with course material; self-directed learning abilities, supported by recommended bibliographic resources and discussions during lessons; competence in independently consulting reference materials and secondary literature, conducting personal research, and applying a critical approach to scholarly work.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes general questions and specific perspectives by focusing on their interactions on a global scale; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of
connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

The course aims to give students a foundational understanding of contemporary Chinese culture. The characteristics of Chinese culture in a diachronic and synchronic dimension will be identified through the reading of essays, the analysis of documentary material (movies and television series).
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand and interpret cultural aspects of contemporary Chinese society, identifying distinctive novelties and legacies of tradition. He or she will also be able to choose and consult a secondary bibliography useful for individual research work; and he or she will have improved his or her Chinese language abilities.

Educational objectives

The course aims to improve students’ knowledge of grammar and sintax of classical Chinese language, and to improve students’ translation abilities.
At the end of the course, students will be able to undertake reading and translation of ancient Chinese texts, and moreover to use hermeneutic tools related to this topic in order to carry out independent translation and research.

Educational objectives

Learning and communication skills:
Students are able to undertake self-directed studies under the teacher's supervision. They prepare weekly or fortnightly reports on the following topics, based on the textbooks listed in the bibliography, and on additional sources and reference materials located in the campus libraries: 1. language and writing; 2. bibliography; 3. indices and special subjects; 4.chronology; 5.bibliography; 6.geography; 7.government. They are able to illustrate their findings to an audience in a coherent and effective form.
They are able to identify and locate primary sources on the broad thematic areas listed above by making use of appropriate reference tools, repertories, and dictionaries. They can pursue further studies independently and facilitate knowledge transfer.

Educational objectives

General aims: the course aims to provide students with an in-depth study of the political and institutional history of the People's Republic of China, starting from the period following Mao Zedong’s death until late 1990s. It will pay particular attention to the different phases of the reforms and to the evolution of the relationship between Party-State and urban and rural society.
Specific aims: a knowledge of the political, social and cultural dynamics of the period under study; the ability to contextualize single events within a broader framework of historical dynamics; the ability to deal with critical and interpretative literature on the basis of notions taught by the teacher; the ability to discuss or to submit papers about the period under study and to continue the study autonomously also on the basis of exercises related to the drafting of research programs.

Educational objectives

Acquire specific knowledge on the theme of the course and on the main historiographical issues concerning modern and contemporary East Asia; Improve
linguistic skills and broaden the knowledge of the terminology related to the different countries of East Asia; Being able to place, in a wider historical context
(diachronic and synchronic), the specific knowledge acquired, connecting the various historical events and phenomena in a comparative manner, also
through a reflection on the preconditions and the effects of historical phenomena; Stimulate the ability to formulate evaluations and interpretations on the
topics dealt with, through specific activities in the classroom; Improve the ability to express themselves in a concise yet precise way, through classroom
exercises and/or the drafting of written papers on the acquired knowledge; Strengthen the ability to work independently on set objectives, agreed with the
teacher, through extra-class activities, such as bibliographic research.

Educational objectives

The course is aimed at providing a general knowledges and understanding of different phases of Chinese literature during the second half of the 20th century. Through lessons and seminar activities – which will include reading of original literary texts in Chinese language and literary criticism essays in English or Italian language, students will acquire a deeper knowledge of literary genres (fiction, poetry and essay) and literary criticism.
Upon completion of the course, the student will be able contextualize and analyze various literary genres; he/she will acquire a expositive and analitic ability, will develop skills of literary analysis and she/he will improve her/his linguistic competence in the Chinese language.

Educational objectives

The course aims to improve students’ knowledge of grammar and sintax of classical Chinese language, and to improve students’ translation abilities.
At the end of the course, students will be able to undertake reading and translation of ancient Chinese texts, and moreover to use hermeneutic tools related to this topic in order to carry out independent translation and research.

Educational objectives

Learning and communication skills:
Students are able to undertake self-directed studies under the teacher's supervision. They prepare weekly or fortnightly reports on the following topics, based on the textbooks listed in the bibliography, and on additional sources and reference materials located in the campus libraries: 1. language and writing; 2. bibliography; 3. indices and special subjects; 4.chronology; 5.bibliography; 6.geography; 7.government. They are able to illustrate their findings to an audience in a coherent and effective form.
They are able to identify and locate primary sources on the broad thematic areas listed above by making use of appropriate reference tools, repertories, and dictionaries. They can pursue further studies independently and facilitate knowledge transfer.

Educational objectives

Competences:
Awareness of specific perspectives and interpretations: Students will know the contribution of Jesuit savants like Athanasius Kircher, Jean Baptiste du Halde, and others, to the production and circulation of knowledge about China in early modern Europe; they will be able to place this body of knowledge within the larger context of the scientific debates of the time, mainly those concerning cosmology, diversity, technological mastery and scientific primacy.
Ability to interact constructively with others: Students will be able to handle constructive debates and exchange of views on specific historical events and processes in discussion groups.
Ability to conduct independent research on specific topics related to the content of the course: Students will critically reflect on the Jesuit contribution to intellectual debates on China and will delve on specific topics of their choice presenting the results either in the form of written essays or oral presentations.

Educational objectives

Given for granted some basic and indispensable goals (knowledge and understanding in the field of studies; ability to apply knowledge and understanding; capability of critical analysis; communication skills on that which has been learned; capacity to undertake further studies with some autonomy), at the end of the course, students who successfully completed all the assignments prescribed, will be able to: A) identify, list and describe some of the main events and individuals related to the production of scientific knowledge in East (focusing on China) and West; B) summarise and analyse, both in written and oral form, the main problems delved in the study of scientific knowledge and technical innovation from an integrated perspective; C) compare scientific and technological developments in East (China) and West in the context of intellectual and trade cross currents; apply the knowledge thereby acquired in order to explore new research paths and further investigate themes and problems within their majors.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes general questions and specific perspectives by focusing on their interactions on a global scale; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of
connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course of History and Culture of Mongolia aims to provide students with an overview of the history of Mongolia, starting with the rise of Mongolian power up to the birth of the Mongolian People's Republic. A quick overview of the populations that preceded the Mongols will be also given. During the course, aspects of culture and nomadic society will be analyzed with particular emphasis on the socio-economic implications, favoring an interdisciplinary approach and the critical use of the sources. Particular attention will be given to the historical and cultural relationships with neighboring countries, in particular with China and other Central Asian countries, deepening the methods of interaction and mutual influence. An overview of Mongolian language as well as the relations with the West will finally allow us to better delineate the essential features of Mongolian civilization. In addition to lectures, students will be asked to produce presentations (in ppt) or term papers on specific topics agreed with the teacher in order to deepen themes and encourage the production and processing of the concepts acquired.
Specific objectives: At the end of the course the student has acquired the essential features of the political and economic history as well as of social and cultural aspects of the Mongols from their emergence up to the establishment of the People's Republic of Mongolia- At the same time he has acquired the knowledge of the interrelations and connections between them and the countries with which they came into contact, in order to make him able to correctly deal with the study of other related subjects. He is aware of the historical methodologies and the main themes and problems of Mongolian history. He is able to deal with historical and cultural themes related to the country in an original and autonomous way. Through the preparation of presentations (ppt) or term papers agreed and supervised by the teacher, he develops the ability to explain and communicate the contents learned and to make valid judgments in the historical field.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes general questions and specific perspectives by focusing on their interactions on a global scale; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of
connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

Learning and communication skills:
Students are able to undertake self-directed studies under the teacher's supervision. They prepare weekly or fortnightly reports on the following topics, based on the textbooks listed in the bibliography, and on additional sources and reference materials located in the campus libraries: 1. language and writing; 2. bibliography; 3. indices and special subjects; 4.chronology; 5.bibliography; 6.geography; 7.government. They are able to illustrate their findings to an audience in a coherent and effective form.
They are able to identify and locate primary sources on the broad thematic areas listed above by making use of appropriate reference tools, repertories, and dictionaries. They can pursue further studies independently and facilitate knowledge transfer.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes general questions and specific perspectives by focusing on their interactions on a global scale; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of
connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes general questions and specific perspectives by focusing on their interactions on a global scale; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of
connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

Course Aims
The course aims to foster critical thinking about Japanese literary texts, providing a knowledge of relevant critical methodologies through selected case studies.
Building on previous knowledge of Japanese literary history, students will learn to place authors and literary texts in their cultural and historical context. Furthermore, through selected case studies, they will learn to identify the main themes of a literary text and to make reasonable assertions about their meaning based on its contextualization. Such themes and meanings will be analyzed in class through different methodological frameworks, with the aim of familiarizing students with the major critical methodologies.
Students will be encouraged to confront with critical essays and to write well-organized short texts that summarize and discuss such essays on a regular basis. Such texts will be discussed in class in order both to ensure correct comprehension of the essays and implementation of critical thinking, and to foster oral communication about the analysis of literary texts.

Learning Outcomes
At the end of the course, the students will be able to apply critical methodologies to literary texts and to discuss literary criticism essays both in written and oral form.

Educational objectives

The course presents the study of Japanese theater, with particular regard to the genres that are still programmed in theaters. The course includes a historical part, the viewing of video, reading and translation of theatrical scripts. Specific Goals Broaden the knowledge of Japanese culture and language through theatrical repertoire. Learn Japanese theater culture from the point of view of scholars and the public.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course aims to deepen the knowledge of the morphology and written praxes of the Japanese language, particularly in the premodern period, with the
specific goal of enabling the learner to read, interpret, and translate archival sources and documents written according to the stylistic convention of sinitic literacy and clerical
writings. The course also involves a reasoned study of the major evolutions of the Japanese notation and writing conventions through the centuries, with advanced notions of
paleography and diplomatics useful for conducting an analytical examination of original specimens of significant literary, documentary, and archival value.
Specific objectives: By the end of the course, the learner will be able to read and interpret premodern texts of different categories and genres; will have a thorough knowledge of the
history of Japanese archival science and will be able to identify, transcribe, classify, and interpret documents written in cursive or semi-cursive script, types of manuscripts, and
historical printed editions.

Educational objectives

Learning and communication skills:
Students are able to undertake self-directed studies under the teacher's supervision. They prepare weekly or fortnightly reports on the following topics, based on the textbooks listed in the bibliography, and on additional sources and reference materials located in the campus libraries: 1. language and writing; 2. bibliography; 3. indices and special subjects; 4.chronology; 5.bibliography; 6.geography; 7.government. They are able to illustrate their findings to an audience in a coherent and effective form.
They are able to identify and locate primary sources on the broad thematic areas listed above by making use of appropriate reference tools, repertories, and dictionaries. They can pursue further studies independently and facilitate knowledge transfer.

Educational objectives

Given for granted some basic and indispensable goals (knowledge and understanding in the field of studies; ability to apply knowledge and understanding; capability of critical analysis; communication skills on that which has been learned; capacity to undertake further studies with some autonomy), at the end of the course, students who successfully completed all the assignments prescribed, will be able to: A) identify, list and describe some of the main events and individuals related to the production of scientific knowledge in East (focusing on China) and West; B) summarise and analyse, both in written and oral form, the main problems delved in the study of scientific knowledge and technical innovation from an integrated perspective; C) compare scientific and technological developments in East (China) and West in the context of intellectual and trade cross currents; apply the knowledge thereby acquired in order to explore new research paths and further investigate themes and problems within their majors.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course aims to deepen the knowledge of the morphology and written praxes of the Japanese language, particularly in the premodern period, with the
specific goal of enabling the learner to read, interpret, and translate archival sources and documents written according to the stylistic convention of sinitic literacy and clerical
writings. The course also involves a reasoned study of the major evolutions of the Japanese notation and writing conventions through the centuries, with advanced notions of
paleography and diplomatics useful for conducting an analytical examination of original specimens of significant literary, documentary, and archival value.
Specific objectives: By the end of the course, the learner will be able to read and interpret premodern texts of different categories and genres; will have a thorough knowledge of the
history of Japanese archival science and will be able to identify, transcribe, classify, and interpret documents written in cursive or semi-cursive script, types of manuscripts, and
historical printed editions.

Educational objectives

The course aims to improve students’ knowledge of grammar and sintax of classical Chinese language, and to improve students’ translation abilities.
At the end of the course, students will be able to undertake reading and translation of ancient Chinese texts, and moreover to use hermeneutic tools related to this topic in order to carry out independent translation and research.

Educational objectives

The course presents the study of Japanese theater, with particular regard to the genres that are still programmed in theaters. The course includes a historical part, the viewing of video, reading and translation of theatrical scripts. Specific Goals Broaden the knowledge of Japanese culture and language through theatrical repertoire. Learn Japanese theater culture from the point of view of scholars and the public.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course of History and Culture of Mongolia aims to provide students with an overview of the history of Mongolia, starting with the rise of Mongolian power up to the birth of the Mongolian People's Republic. A quick overview of the populations that preceded the Mongols will be also given. During the course, aspects of culture and nomadic society will be analyzed with particular emphasis on the socio-economic implications, favoring an interdisciplinary approach and the critical use of the sources. Particular attention will be given to the historical and cultural relationships with neighboring countries, in particular with China and other Central Asian countries, deepening the methods of interaction and mutual influence. An overview of Mongolian language as well as the relations with the West will finally allow us to better delineate the essential features of Mongolian civilization. In addition to lectures, students will be asked to produce presentations (in ppt) or term papers on specific topics agreed with the teacher in order to deepen themes and encourage the production and processing of the concepts acquired.
Specific objectives: At the end of the course the student has acquired the essential features of the political and economic history as well as of social and cultural aspects of the Mongols from their emergence up to the establishment of the People's Republic of Mongolia- At the same time he has acquired the knowledge of the interrelations and connections between them and the countries with which they came into contact, in order to make him able to correctly deal with the study of other related subjects. He is aware of the historical methodologies and the main themes and problems of Mongolian history. He is able to deal with historical and cultural themes related to the country in an original and autonomous way. Through the preparation of presentations (ppt) or term papers agreed and supervised by the teacher, he develops the ability to explain and communicate the contents learned and to make valid judgments in the historical field.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes general questions and specific perspectives by focusing on their interactions on a global scale; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of
connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

Competences:
Awareness of specific perspectives and interpretations: Students will know the contribution of Jesuit savants like Athanasius Kircher, Jean Baptiste du Halde, and others, to the production and circulation of knowledge about China in early modern Europe; they will be able to place this body of knowledge within the larger context of the scientific debates of the time, mainly those concerning cosmology, diversity, technological mastery and scientific primacy.
Ability to interact constructively with others: Students will be able to handle constructive debates and exchange of views on specific historical events and processes in discussion groups.
Ability to conduct independent research on specific topics related to the content of the course: Students will critically reflect on the Jesuit contribution to intellectual debates on China and will delve on specific topics of their choice presenting the results either in the form of written essays or oral presentations.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of historical evolution of India after 1947.
Specific aims: at the end of the course, the student – 1) knows the political, social and cultural dynamics of the period under study; 2) is able to contextualize single events within a general frame of historical dynamics; 3) is able to deal with critical and interpretative literature on the basis of notions taught by the teacher; 4) can present an argument related to the period under study both orally and in writing, also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his studies also on the basis of exercises in formulating research projects.

Educational objectives

The general objective of this course is the acquisition of a solid knowledge of Indian literature and philosophy from classical and medieval times. This aim will be achieved
mostly by frontal classes, during which students will be stimulated to discuss and to analyze different Indian texts. The main competence that students should achieve at the
end of this course is the exact contextualization of various texts in their historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework. This competence can be enhanced by the courses
of Sanskrit Language and Literature, Indian Religions and Philosophies, and Society and Culture in India.
Specific objectives
Qualifications are awarded to students who:
 have demonstrated knowledge and understanding of different aspects of Old Indian literary and philosophical production, and are able to elaborate original ideas about it;
 are capable to apply their knowledge and understanding in a manner that they can critically analyze a text, through assessing it in its historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework;
 have the ability to gather and interpret, by preparing book reports, relevant data to summarise the contents of Indian primary sources;
 can communicate, by preparing reports, commentaries, and annotated translations, the main issues that characterised the Old Indian literary and philosophical production;
 have developed those learning skills that are necessary to a deeper understanding of Old Indian literature in a critical perspective.

Educational objectives

The course focuses on general aspects of the Akkadian language, specifically on the Old Babylonian dialect (XVIII-XV centuries BCE). The main features of Akkadian phonetics, morphology, and syntax will be studied during the course. Students attending the course and preparing for the exam should develop the necessary skills to read and translate Akkadian texts, as well as to conduct philological analysis. Additionally, students will receive an introduction to the basics of cuneiform writing. The skills acquired during the course will complement and enhance those gained in other courses on Near Eastern languages and literature within the undergraduate program.
Throughout the lessons, or via textbook readings and supplementary materials, students will engage in the analysis of various features of the Akkadian language through exercises and texts drawn from legal documents, contracts, letters, and so on.
The course aims to equip students with the following competencies: general knowledge of the Akkadian language, including its historical and geographical context; skills related to source analysis and evaluation; understanding of Akkadian phonetics, grammar, and syntax; proficiency in translating and analyzing Akkadian texts; critical thinking skills, enabling students to integrate acquired knowledge and actively engage with course material; self-directed learning abilities, supported by recommended bibliographic resources and discussions during lessons; competence in independently consulting reference materials and secondary literature, conducting personal research, and applying a critical approach to scholarly work.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: this course aims to transmit the fundamental elements for an in-depth knowledge of Arab nationalism as a historical and cultural phenomenon that structured the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to the present, framing it in the knowledge of the development of nationalism as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledges and skills: 1) knowledge of the political, social and cultural dynamics of the phenomenon of nationalism at the global and Arab level and of their main scientific interpretations; 2) knowledge of the developments of the phenomenon of nationalism in the Arab world both in the specific framework of contemporary history of Arab countries, as well as within a broader framework of global historical dynamics; 3) ability to read and analyze critically interpretative texts about Arab nationalism and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

General Aims
This course proposes to problematise social changes in India and provide knowledge about how social roles were constructed, modified, transformed and maintained since the nineteenth century till present times.
Specific aims
The course will enable the student acquire the following skills:
Adequate knowledge of the relevant historical field: an understanding of continuity and change unleashed through historical processes in a specific historical context.
Skills specific to the discipline of History: articulate a central argument; identify primary and secondary sources; design a bibliography; and master proper practices of citations.
The proficiency to identify and interpret different analyses and historiography.
The capacity to incorporate historical skills in writing.

Educational objectives

Knowledge and understanding: This course will introduce students to the study of the Ottoman Empire, from its inception as a frontier principality in the late 13th century through its many transformations as one the largest and most-long lasting empires in world history, until its demise in the 20th century. This course, through different theoretical approaches and discussing also primary sources in translation, will help the students to overcome the established Eurocentric narratives on the Ottoman Empire, focusing, in particular, on its legacy for contemporary Middle East, North Africa and Europe.
Applying knowledge and understanding: Students will be able to analyze the rise and the evolution of the Ottoman empire in the broader context of world history while examining its peculiarities and the reasons that determined the emergence of a Eurocentric narrative on the Ottomans. They will also be able to have a more in-depth knowledge of the historiographical debates that concern various aspects of the study of Ottoman history.
Making judgements: Students will be able to analyze critically the knowledge they have acquired and formulate their own judgments. These skills will be built up also through promoting independent and collaborative learning activities such as self-direct learning, written essays, Problem Based Learning (PBS).
Communication skills: the students will learn how to express their ideas clearly and adequately and how to communicate effectively what has been learned. These skills will be enhanced by promoting collaborative learning activities such as Think-Pair-Share (TPS), small discussion groups, simulations, peer reading and peer editing.
Learning skills: the students will learn how to study in a self-directed and autonomous way, understand their shortcomings and conceive and develop a self-learning project within a set time limit. These skills will be enhanced by activities such as flipped classroom, self-evaluation exercises and written essays.

Educational objectives

The course will present and elaborate on specific themes in the field of archaeology and the art history of the Indian Subcontinent and Central Asia.
Methodological questions (history of research as well as analytical criteria and interpretive approaches applied to the chosen theme) will receive special
emphasis, with the aim of enhancing students' understanding of the scholarly debate as well as their skills of critical judgment.

Educational objectives

Aim of the teaching unit is to give students knowledge and comprehension skills in the field of
ISLAMIC ARCHEOLOGY I A, that complete and/or reinforce those acquired in the first grade of studies. Moreover, it will make the students able to approach orginal themes in a research context, making more complex judgments, communicating knowledge and its process, and studying the subject in an independent and self-educational way.

The purpose of the course is a deepening of the archaeological data and sources of the first Islamic period, aimed at the reconstruction of the intended use of the buildings and of the iconographic programs (coinage included).

Educational objectives

This course proposes to problematise social changes in India and provide knowledge about how social roles were constructed, modified, transformed and maintained since the nineteenth century till present times.
Specific aims
The course will enable the student acquire the following skills:
Adequate knowledge of the relevant historical field: an understanding of continuity and change unleashed through historical processes in a specific historical context.
Skills specific to the discipline of History: articulate a central argument; identify primary and secondary sources; design a bibliography; and master proper practices of citations.
The proficiency to identify and interpret different analyses and historiography.
The capacity to incorporate historical skills in writing.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: the course aims to convey the fundamental elements for a thorough knowledge of the course theme as a historical and cultural structuring phenomenon of the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to today, framing it in the knowledge of the development of the phenomenon as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledge and skills: 1) knowledge of the historical, social and cultural dynamics of the course theme at the global level and at the Arab world level, and their main scientific interpretations; 2) ability to place the developments of the phenomenon object of the course both within a broader framework of historical dynamics, as well as in the specific framework of the contemporary history of the Arab countries; 3) ability to read and analyze critical and interpretative texts of the course theme and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

General goals: detailed presentation of the history of the Iranian languages and the texts written in Iranian languages. Specific goals: at the end of the course, the student (1) knows the general development trends and the documentation of the Iranian languages; 2) is able to situate single phenomena within the general framework of Iranian linguistic history; 3) is able to deal with texts in Iranian languages and the relevant secondary literature on the basis of the notions learnt in class; 4) is able to present orally and in writing arguments concerning Iranian philology also on the basis of appropriate training; 5) is able to continue one’s studies autonomously also on the basis of instructions on how to plan research projects.

Educational objectives

The course focuses on general aspects of the Akkadian language, specifically on the Old Babylonian dialect (XVIII-XV centuries BCE). The main features of Akkadian phonetics, morphology, and syntax will be studied during the course. Students attending the course and preparing for the exam should develop the necessary skills to read and translate Akkadian texts, as well as to conduct philological analysis. Additionally, students will receive an introduction to the basics of cuneiform writing. The skills acquired during the course will complement and enhance those gained in other courses on Near Eastern languages and literature within the undergraduate program.
Throughout the lessons, or via textbook readings and supplementary materials, students will engage in the analysis of various features of the Akkadian language through exercises and texts drawn from legal documents, contracts, letters, and so on.
The course aims to equip students with the following competencies: general knowledge of the Akkadian language, including its historical and geographical context; skills related to source analysis and evaluation; understanding of Akkadian phonetics, grammar, and syntax; proficiency in translating and analyzing Akkadian texts; critical thinking skills, enabling students to integrate acquired knowledge and actively engage with course material; self-directed learning abilities, supported by recommended bibliographic resources and discussions during lessons; competence in independently consulting reference materials and secondary literature, conducting personal research, and applying a critical approach to scholarly work.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of historical evolution of India after 1947.
Specific aims: at the end of the course, the student – 1) knows the political, social and cultural dynamics of the period under study; 2) is able to contextualize single events within a general frame of historical dynamics; 3) is able to deal with critical and interpretative literature on the basis of notions taught by the teacher; 4) can present an argument related to the period under study both orally and in writing, also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his studies also on the basis of exercises in formulating research projects.

Educational objectives

The general objective of this course is the acquisition of a solid knowledge of Indian literature and philosophy from classical and medieval times. This aim will be achieved
mostly by frontal classes, during which students will be stimulated to discuss and to analyze different Indian texts. The main competence that students should achieve at the
end of this course is the exact contextualization of various texts in their historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework. This competence can be enhanced by the courses
of Sanskrit Language and Literature, Indian Religions and Philosophies, and Society and Culture in India.
Specific objectives
Qualifications are awarded to students who:
 have demonstrated knowledge and understanding of different aspects of Old Indian literary and philosophical production, and are able to elaborate original ideas about it;
 are capable to apply their knowledge and understanding in a manner that they can critically analyze a text, through assessing it in its historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework;
 have the ability to gather and interpret, by preparing book reports, relevant data to summarise the contents of Indian primary sources;
 can communicate, by preparing reports, commentaries, and annotated translations, the main issues that characterised the Old Indian literary and philosophical production;
 have developed those learning skills that are necessary to a deeper understanding of Old Indian literature in a critical perspective.

Educational objectives

The course focuses on general aspects of the Akkadian language, specifically on the Old Babylonian dialect (XVIII-XV centuries BCE). The main features of Akkadian phonetics, morphology, and syntax will be studied during the course. Students attending the course and preparing for the exam should develop the necessary skills to read and translate Akkadian texts, as well as to conduct philological analysis. Additionally, students will receive an introduction to the basics of cuneiform writing. The skills acquired during the course will complement and enhance those gained in other courses on Near Eastern languages and literature within the undergraduate program.
Throughout the lessons, or via textbook readings and supplementary materials, students will engage in the analysis of various features of the Akkadian language through exercises and texts drawn from legal documents, contracts, letters, and so on.
The course aims to equip students with the following competencies: general knowledge of the Akkadian language, including its historical and geographical context; skills related to source analysis and evaluation; understanding of Akkadian phonetics, grammar, and syntax; proficiency in translating and analyzing Akkadian texts; critical thinking skills, enabling students to integrate acquired knowledge and actively engage with course material; self-directed learning abilities, supported by recommended bibliographic resources and discussions during lessons; competence in independently consulting reference materials and secondary literature, conducting personal research, and applying a critical approach to scholarly work.