Programma
1. La logica della scoperta cardiovascolare: dal paziente all’ipotesi e alla sintesi quantitativa
2. Scenari applicativi:
2.1. La diagnosi differenziale delle malattie cardiovascolari
2.2. La valutazione prognostica delle malattie cardiovascolari
2.3. La scelta terapeutica nelle malattie cardiovascolari
Prerequisiti
Una dettagliata e operativa conoscenza dell’anatomia, fisiologia, fisiopatologia e farmacologia cardiovascolare è un prerequisito necessario per massimizzare le potenzialità formative del corso di malattie dell’apparato cardiovascolare. Sono inoltre necessarie le nozioni di base di statistica medica e metodologia della ricerca biomedica.
Testi di riferimento
• Biondi Zoccai G. Malattie Cardiovascolari: Approccio clinico e scientifico. Minerva Medica, 2021.
• Camm AJ, Lüscher TF, Maurer G, Serruys PW, The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. Oxford University Press; 2018.
• Forister JG, Blessing JD. Introduction to Research and Medical Literature for Health Professionals. Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2015.
• Fuster V, Harrington R, Narula J, Eapen Z. Hurst's the Heart. McGraw-Hill Education; 2017.
• Griffin BP, Manual of Cardiovascular Medicine. LWW; 2018
• Livingston EH, Lewis RJ. JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods. McGraw-Hill Education; 2019.
• Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. Elsevier, 2018.
Modalità insegnamento
Il corso si basa su lezioni didattiche tradizionali frontali, con esposizione orale e supporto mediante Powerpoint, oppure in modalità remota utilizzando la piattaforma Google Classroom. Sono disponibili inoltre materiali di supporto alla didattiche su Youtube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2oTNMfSiUjCym7i_6_ZS4A/videos).
Frequenza
La partecipazione al corso è obbligatoria, con verifica della presenza mediante appello e/o firma.
Modalità di esame
L'esame finale si basa su prova scritta con domanda a risposta multipla (singola risposta esatta) e/o esame orale.
Bibliografia
• Agoritsas T, Merglen A, Shah ND, O'Donnell M, Guyatt GH. Adjusted Analyses in Studies Addressing Therapy and Harm: Users' Guides to the Medical Literature. JAMA. 2017 Feb 21;317(7):748-759.
• Alba AC, Agoritsas T, Walsh M, Hanna S, Iorio A, Devereaux PJ, McGinn T, Guyatt G. Discrimination and Calibration of Clinical Prediction Models: Users' Guides to the Medical Literature. JAMA. 2017 Oct 10;318(14):1377-1384.
• Barratt A, Irwig L, Glasziou P, Cumming RG, Raffle A, Hicks N, Gray JA, Guyatt GH. Users' guides to the medical literature: XVII. How to use guidelines and recommendations about screening. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 1999 Jun 2;281(21):2029-34.
• Boutron I, Tubach F, Giraudeau B, Ravaud P. Methodological differences in clinical trials evaluating nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments of hip and knee osteoarthritis. JAMA. 2003 Aug 27;290(8):1062-70.
• Bucher HC, Guyatt GH, Cook DJ, Holbrook A, McAlister FA. Users' guides to the medical literature: XIX. Applying clinical trial results. A. How to use an article measuring the effect of an intervention on surrogate end points. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 1999 Aug 25;282(8):771-8.
• Fan E, Laupacis A, Pronovost PJ, Guyatt GH, Needham DM. How to use an article about quality improvement. JAMA. 2010 Nov 24;304(20):2279-87.
• Giacomini MK, Cook DJ. Users' guides to the medical literature: XXIII. Qualitative research in health care B. What are the results and how do they help me care for my patients? Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 2000 Jul 26;284(4):478-82.
• Giacomini MK, Cook DJ. Users' guides to the medical literature: XXIII. Qualitative research in health care A. Are the results of the study valid? Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 2000 Jul 19;284(3):357-62.
• Guyatt GH, Haynes RB, Jaeschke RZ, Cook DJ, Green L, Naylor CD, Wilson MC, Richardson WS. Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: XXV. Evidence-based medicine: principles for applying the Users' Guides to patient care. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 2000 Sep 13;284(10):1290-6.
• Guyatt GH, Sinclair J, Cook DJ, Glasziou P. Users' guides to the medical literature: XVI. How to use a treatment recommendation. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group and the Cochrane Applicability Methods Working Group. JAMA. 1999 May 19;281(19):1836-43.
• Hunt DL, Jaeschke R, McKibbon KA. Users' guides to the medical literature: XXI. Using electronic health information resources in evidence-based practice. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 2000 Apr 12;283(14):1875-9.
• Liu Y, Chen PC, Krause J, Peng L. How to Read Articles That Use Machine Learning: Users' Guides to the Medical Literature. JAMA. 2019 Nov 12;322(18):1806-1816.
• McAlister FA, Laupacis A, Wells GA, Sackett DL. Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: XIX. Applying clinical trial results B. Guidelines for determining whether a drug is exerting (more than) a class effect. JAMA. 1999 Oct 13;282(14):1371-7.
• McAlister FA, Straus SE, Guyatt GH, Haynes RB. Users' guides to the medical literature: XX. Integrating research evidence with the care of the individual patient. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 2000 Jun 7;283(21):2829-36.
• McGinn TG, Guyatt GH, Wyer PC, Naylor CD, Stiell IG, Richardson WS. Users' guides to the medical literature: XXII: how to use articles about clinical decision rules. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 2000 Jul 5;284(1):79-84.
• Mills EJ, Ioannidis JP, Thorlund K, Schünemann HJ, Puhan MA, Guyatt GH. How to use an article reporting a multiple treatment comparison meta-analysis. JAMA. 2012 Sep 26;308(12):1246-53.
• Mulla SM, Scott IA, Jackevicius CA, You JJ, Guyatt GH. How to use a noninferiority trial: users' guides to the medical literature. JAMA. 2012 Dec 26;308(24):2605-11.
• Murad MH, Montori VM, Ioannidis JP, Jaeschke R, Devereaux PJ, Prasad K, Neumann I, Carrasco-Labra A, Agoritsas T, Hatala R, Meade MO, Wyer P, Cook DJ, Guyatt G. How to read a systematic review and meta-analysis and apply the results to patient care: users' guides to the medical literature. JAMA. 2014 Jul;312(2):171-9.
• Randolph AG, Haynes RB, Wyatt JC, Cook DJ, Guyatt GH. Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: XVIII. How to use an article evaluating the clinical impact of a computer-based clinical decision support system. JAMA. 1999 Jul 7;282(1):67-74.
• Richardson WS, Wilson MC, Williams JW Jr, Moyer VA, Naylor CD. Users' guides to the medical literature: XXIV. How to use an article on the clinical manifestations of disease. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 2000 Aug 16;284(7):869-75.
Modalità di erogazione
Il corso si basa su lezioni didattiche tradizionali frontali, con esposizione orale e supporto mediante Powerpoint, oppure in modalità remota utilizzando la piattaforma Google Classroom. Sono disponibili inoltre materiali di supporto alla didattiche su Youtube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2oTNMfSiUjCym7i_6_ZS4A/videos).