| 1056104 | Stems cells biology and applications [BIO/11, BIO/18] [ITA] | 1st | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives The course Biology of sem cells and applications includes two modules :
module I Animal stem cells and applications and Module II Plant stem cells and applications
Module I
General skills
Knowledge on the basic molecular and cell properties of mammalian stem cells including embryonic, adult and induced pluripotent stem cells. Their genetic manipulation and use in biomedical applications will be also critically discussed.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
-knowing and understanding the nature of mammalian stem cells
-knowing and understanding the use of stem cells in biomedicine
B) Applying knowledge and understanding
- be able to use the specific terminology
- practicing problem solving in stem cell biology
C) Making judgements
- critical thinking through the historical survey of the main discoveries in stem cell biology with the detailed analysis of the fundamental experiments
- learning by questioning
D) Communication skills
-be able to communicate what has been learned during the simulation of a project research discussion
E) Learning skills
- learning the specific terminology
- be able to make the logical connections between the topics covered
- be able to identify the most relevant topics
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/11] [ITA] | 1st | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives The course Cell biology of stem cells and applications includes two modules:
: Module I Animal stem cells and applications and module II Plant cell stems and applications
General skills Module II
Knowledge on the basic molecular and cell properties of plant stem cells. Their genetic manipulation and use in Agricultural purpose.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
-knowing and understanding the nature of plant stem cells
-knowing and understanding the use of stem cells in Agricultural purpose
B) Applying knowledge and understanding
- be able to use the specific terminology
- practicing problem solving in stem cell biology
C) Making judgements
- critical thinking through the analysis of the main discoveries in plant stem cell biology and how it can complement reaserch in the animal stem cell field.
- learning by questioning
D) Communication skills
-be able to communicate what has been learned during the simulation of a project research discussion
E) Learning skills
- learning the specific terminology
- be able to make the logical connections between the topics covered
- be able to identify the most relevant topics
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/18] [ITA] | 1st | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives The course Biology of sem cells and applications includes two modules :
module I Animal stem cells and applications and Module II Plant stem cells and applications
Module I
General skills
Knowledge on the basic molecular and cell properties of mammalian stem cells including embryonic, adult and induced pluripotent stem cells. Their genetic manipulation and use in biomedical applications will be also critically discussed.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
-knowing and understanding the nature of mammalian stem cells
-knowing and understanding the use of stem cells in biomedicine
B) Applying knowledge and understanding
- be able to use the specific terminology
- practicing problem solving in stem cell biology
C) Making judgements
- critical thinking through the historical survey of the main discoveries in stem cell biology with the detailed analysis of the fundamental experiments
- learning by questioning
D) Communication skills
-be able to communicate what has been learned during the simulation of a project research discussion
E) Learning skills
- learning the specific terminology
- be able to make the logical connections between the topics covered
- be able to identify the most relevant topics
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| 10593023 | Cellular imaging and dynamic cytometry: principles and applications [BIO/18, BIO/19] [ITA] | 1st | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives Specific objectives –Module 2
Knowledge and ability to understand. Specific objectives include:
• Learning basic principles of flow-cytometry;
• Getting acquainted with flow-cytometry instrumentation commonly used in research and biomedical laboratories;
• Learning basic techniques on viable and fixed samples for the study of cell cycle and of cell death and differentiation;
• Acquiring basic knowledge for the use of result analysis softwares.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding. The course aims at making students acquainted with the general concepts governing the functioning of a flow cytometer and at giving them insight into the main optical parameters measurable by means of flow cytometry. At the end of the course students will be able to understand the general concepts of flow cytometry and of its possible fields of application. They will also have acquired a basic knowledge of the main sample preparation techniques employed in the study of cell cycle and cell proliferation, death and differentiation. Moreover, by means of practical exercises, students will be introduced to planning, execution and analysis of experiments based on the studied techniques.
Making judgments: Students, through the study of examples of applications reported in literature, acquire an autonomous ability to interpret experimental data and to place them, critically, within the framework of the knowledge already acquired.
Communication skills: Students learn to use an appropriate scientific terminology for the presentation of the results of flow cytometry experiments to both a lay public and to experts.
Learning skills: The ability to learn is stimulated by continuous reference to the knowledge acquired and to the methodologies used for its enhancement as well as by constant cross talk between the two modules. At the end of the course students will be able to identify the most appropriate methods and equipments for the investigation of significant cellular phenomena, such as cell proliferation, death and differentiation in the field of flow cytometry.
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/18] [ITA] | 1st | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives Specific objectives –Module 2
Knowledge and ability to understand. Specific objectives include:
• Learning basic principles of flow-cytometry;
• Getting acquainted with flow-cytometry instrumentation commonly used in research and biomedical laboratories;
• Learning basic techniques on viable and fixed samples for the study of cell cycle and of cell death and differentiation;
• Acquiring basic knowledge for the use of result analysis softwares.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding. The course aims at making students acquainted with the general concepts governing the functioning of a flow cytometer and at giving them insight into the main optical parameters measurable by means of flow cytometry. At the end of the course students will be able to understand the general concepts of flow cytometry and of its possible fields of application. They will also have acquired a basic knowledge of the main sample preparation techniques employed in the study of cell cycle and cell proliferation, death and differentiation. Moreover, by means of practical exercises, students will be introduced to planning, execution and analysis of experiments based on the studied techniques.
Making judgments: Students, through the study of examples of applications reported in literature, acquire an autonomous ability to interpret experimental data and to place them, critically, within the framework of the knowledge already acquired.
Communication skills: Students learn to use an appropriate scientific terminology for the presentation of the results of flow cytometry experiments to both a lay public and to experts.
Learning skills: The ability to learn is stimulated by continuous reference to the knowledge acquired and to the methodologies used for its enhancement as well as by constant cross talk between the two modules. At the end of the course students will be able to identify the most appropriate methods and equipments for the investigation of significant cellular phenomena, such as cell proliferation, death and differentiation in the field of flow cytometry.
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/19] [ITA] | 1st | 1st | 3 |
Educational objectives Specific objectives –Module 1
Knowledge and ability to understand. Specific objectives include:
• Learning and understanding the basic principles of bright-field and fluorescence microscopy in their biological applications.
• Acquiring knowledge about imaging methodologies and equipment.
• Getting acquainted with the theoretical and practical significance of imaging methodologies for the understanding of the mechanisms governing cell cycle and cell death and differentiation.
• Acquiring basic knowledge for the use of image analysis softwares.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding. To make students familiar with the basic principles and modern instrumentations of bright-field, fluorescence and time-lapse video microscopy techniques applied to the study of cell dynamics. Moreover, by means of practical exercises, students will be introduced to planning, execution and analysis of experiments based on the studied techniques.
Making judgments: Students, through the study of sector literature and of examples of applications of imaging in the biomedical field, acquire an autonomous ability to interpret experimental data and to place them, critically, within the framework of the knowledge already acquired.
Communication skills: Students learn to use appropriate scientific terminology for the presentation of the results of cell imaging experiments to both a lay public and to experts.
Learning skills: The ability to learn is stimulated by continuous reference to the knowledge acquired and to the methodologies used for its enhancement as well as by constant cross talk between the two modules. At the end of the course students will be able to identify the most appropriate methods and equipments for the investigation of cellular phenomena, such as cell proliferation and death in the field of cell imaging.
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| 1020774 | Microbial vectors and applications in gene and cell therapy [BIO/19] [ITA] | 1st | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General objectives -
The main objective of the course is to provide students with the tools to understand the main approaches of gene and cell therapy through a thorough study of microbial vectors in use both in basic research and in clinical trials. Particular attention is devoted to the development process of first-second- and third-generation vectors and to the methodological aspects for the production of a therapeutic vector. Finally, the ethical issues that derive from the use of genetic material for therapeutic purposes will be considered.
Specific objectives -
Knowledge and ability to understand.
The specific objectives of the course include:
• Understand and understand the process that from the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the functionality of specific genetic elements (viruses, chromosomes, plasmids, transposons) leads to the development of vectors for the transfer of genes / sequences in mammalian cells.
• Know and understand the methods and models used to test the safety of the carriers and the related production processes.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding.
The course provides the tools that allow the student to select specific microbial elements, such as plasmids, transposons and viruses, for the transfer of genetic material in vitro and in vivo, even considering the specific experimental / therapeutic needs; select the most appropriate engineering techniques for gene transfer elements; to evaluate host responses to gene transfer; apply the different methods of molecular and cellular investigation for the study of the different production phases of gene transfer systems.
Making judgments: The student, through the study of the sector literature, the analysis of experimental data present in public databases, the carrying out of practical laboratory tests, acquires an autonomous ability to interpret experimental data and to place them in the framework of knowledge already acquired. It will also be able to evaluate ethical issues.
Communication skills: the student acquires the use of appropriate scientific terminology to communicate the concepts underlying gene therapy, the use of means of investigation, production and the real issues of ethical nature, both to a lay public and experts .
Learning skills: the ability to learn is stimulated by the continuous reference, in all the activities of the course, to the knowledge acquired and to the methodologies used for their progress. At the end of the course the students will have learned the genetic mechanisms underlying the most commonly treated pathologies with medicaments of genetic origin, the construction, production and use of genetic medications
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| 1035089 | FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS [BIO/11] [ITA] | 1st | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General aims:
The course aims to introduce the students to the main approaches to functional genomics. Students will learn to apply the high-throughput techniques based on DNA microarrays and next generation sequencing NGS, measuring their potentials and their problems and limits. Focus will be placed on data mining methodologies, from image analysis to data normalization and statistical filtering to gene clustering and gene ontology. The availability of functional database and their use for improving biomedical research will also be explained.
Specific Skills
1. Knowledge and comprehension: the student will have to know the basic principles, the potentiality and the possible weak points of the most utilized methodologies in functional genomics
2. Ability to apply knowledge and comprehension: the student will have to apply this knowledge to the critical interpretation of scientific literature in the specific field.
3. Judgment ability: the student will have to show ability in evaluating the solidity and the impact of recent work from the scientific literature and to present his conclusion to teacher and colleagues.
4. The student will have to show ability to extend the application of the analytical tools learned in the course (specific softwares freely available in the web) to his future experimental work.
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| 1038172 | APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY [BIO/10] [ITA] | 1st | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General skills
The course aims to provide students with the biochemical bases to understand the most advanced biotechnological applications of enzymes, proteins and complex multienzymatic systems. The biochemical principles of methods for the study of protein-protein interactions will also be illustrated. Furthermore, aspects of metal metabolism in procaryotes and eukaryotes will be illustrated.
Specific skills
A) knowledge and understanding
- knowledge of the main biotechnological applications of enzymes,proteinsandcomplex multienzymatic systems;
- knowledge of the main biochemical techniques for the study of protein-protein interactions
- knowledge of the strategies required for protein and enzyme production and engineering
B) ability to apply knowledge and understanding
- exploiting the knowledge of biochemical techniques to investigate the applications of enzymes and proteins in the field of biotechnology
- understanding and evaluating the impact of structural modifications of biological macromolecules on their biological function;
C) Making judgements
- critical thinking through the study of examples of biotechnological applications of proteins and enzymes taken from the scientific literature
- learning by questioning
D) Communication skills
-ability to communicate what has been learned during the oral exam
E) Learning skills
- learning the specific terminology
- ability to make the logical connections between the topics covered
- ability to identify the most relevant topics
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| 10600071 | Molecular dynamics in plant-microbe interactions: the study of plant-microbe interactions to develop biotechnological approaches for crop improvement [BIO/04] [ENG] | 1st | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General outcome
The main objective of this course is to provide the student knowledge on the molecular, cellular and evolutionary aspects of plant immunity, and on similarities and differences with the immune mechanisms of animals. The student will also acquire knowledge on the molecular basis of communication (recognition, elicitation, responses) between plants and microorganisms, both pathogenic and beneficial, and the mechanisms of control of the immune response that are the basis of pathogenicity and symbiosis. Finally, during the course the student will understand how the knowledge acquired in the study of plant-microorganism interactions is the foundation for the development of biotechnological approaches. The course also aims to provide students with the ability to use bibliographic resources and to clearly present complex scientific contents related to the aspects covered by the program.
Specific outcomes
A. Knowledge and understanding
- Specific language and terminology.
- The mechanisms that form the innate immune system of plants
- Similarities and differences between the plant and animal immune systems.
- The elements, processes and mechanisms of molecular and cellular regulation relevant in the interactions between plants and microbes (pathogenic and beneficial).
- The dynamics of coevolution between plants and microbes.
- The main methods of study adopted in these subjects.
- The socio-economic problems related to issues in this specific field and object of classical and innovative biotechnological strategies.
B. Applying knowledge and understanding
- Ability to use specific terminology
- Ability to outline the appropriate conceptual and methodological paths to address problems and questions in the field of plant-microbe interactions.
- Ability to use bibliographic resources, software and biological resources available through the Web to address and interpret specific problems related to the aspects object of this course.
C. Making judgements
- Critical judgment skills, through the study of reviews and scientific articles on key aspects and through in-depth collective discussions;
- Ability to evaluate correctness and scientific rigor through analysis and collective discussion of the experimental and methodological part of recent high quality scientific articles.
D. Communication skills
- Acquisition of adequate skills and tools useful for communication, through the use of graphic and formal languages, with particular regard to scientific language, through discussions and seminars that are an integral part of the oral exam.
E. Learning skills
The student will possess:
- the ability to set up an independent and flexible study method, which allows to conduct personal research and analysis and to continue effectively the advancement of knowledge.
- the ability to identify problematic, unresolved and innovative aspects in biological issues
- the ability to find and use cognitive tools for the continuous updating of knowledge
- the ability to compare oneself for the progress, consolidation and improvement of one's own knowledge.
Results
Possession of the fundamental contents of the specific discipline, and the ability to master the procedures and methods of their own investigation, also to orientate and operate in the field of applied sciences.
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