| 1019219 | BIOETHICS [M-FIL/02] [ITA] | 3rd | 1st | 6 |
Educational objectives Educational objectives
The extraordinary development of scientific research, particularly in the field of life sciences , opens up considerable horizons for knowledge and can contribute to the overall improvement of the life of human beings. A condition for this objective to be reached is that there is a widespread climate of trust towards science, determined by the transparency of means and ends and by the simultaneous certainty of freedom and responsibility. On the ethical level, the fundamental purpose is to reach out and s opportunities and the ability to choose the people within the framework of a society that is plural but not broken into each other outside the moral community.
Knowledge and understanding:
Having said that, the aim of the course will be not so much to convey a wealth of notions inherent to the various theories and positions in the bioethical field, as to introduce students to this complexity, providing them with useful categories for deciphering the questions posed from time to time.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding:
The acquisition of thinkability categories in ethical terms , socio- politicians, will allow them to correctly frame the questions posed, identifying the "real" problem areas.
Autonomy of judgment:
The acquisition of such capabilities and their operation, will head ta through the classroom discussion of specific cases and will allow to develop a critical capacity aimed at identifying proposals re solutive that are characterized by originality and practicality.
Communication skills:
The development of the previous abilities cannot be realized without acquiring a communicative capacity focused on the argument that it is a necessary condition for a correct and responsible assessment.
Learning skills:
The pursuit of the training objectives of the course also includes the awareness of the extreme changeability of the issues covered by bioethical reflection . The choice of orienting teaching, not so much in terms of acquiring notions as in terms of consolidating critical skills, is aimed at inducing intellectual curiosity, but above all the acquisition of an argumentative style aimed at seeking the sources of updating and deepening, escaping those simplifying solutions that often do not capture the depth of the issues at stake.
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| 1022925 | GENOMICS [BIO/18, BIO/11] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General skills
The course of Genomics is designed to provide students with an introduction to the structure,
function and evolution of genomes and transcripts in humans and in other model organisms.
Topics discussed will include modern genome sequencing technologies, as well the recent in silico
and in vivo approaches used for functional genomics and for the functional role of emerging non-
coding RNA classes (practical examples taken from recent literature will be used). The course also
provides students with basic knowledge for accessing browsers and public databases for the
analysis of gene expression data, GO and miRNA target prediction software.
By the end of the course, students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to the study of the
basic mechanisms of gene expression, as well as of complex processes such as development, cell
division and differentiation, and to exploit them for a practical use in both basic and applied
research.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
The students who have passed the exam will be able to know and to understand
- the origin and the maintenance of the biological complexity;
- the paradigm shift introduced by genomics in genetic analysis: from forward to reverse
genetics.
- structure and function of the genome in humans and in the main model systems;
- problems and technologies of genome-wide analyses applied to biological processes;
- the influence of the modern sequencing technologies for a better description and for the
study of transcriptome dynamics in humans and in the main model systems;
- the complex networks of interaction between the biological molecules in the mechanisms
of regulation of gene expression.
B) Applying knowledge and understanding
The students who have passed the exam will be able to:
- interpret the biological phenomena in a multi-scale and multi-factorial context;
- interpret the results of genomic studies and to discriminate which techniques to apply
according to the different problems to be dealt with in the genomic field.
C) Making judgements
- Acquisition of a critical judgment capacity on solving problems of Genomics, and to exploit the
acquired knowledge for a practical use in both basic and applied research.
- addressing questions for the elaboration and deepening of the gained information
D) Communication skills
- communicating the genetic concepts acquired during the course with appropriate
terminology
E) Learning skills
- logically connecting the acquired knowledge
- identification of the most relevant topics of the issues discussed during the course
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/18] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 3 |
Educational objectives General skills
The course of Genomics is designed to provide students with an introduction to the structure,
function and evolution of genomes and transcripts in humans and in other model organisms.
Topics discussed will include modern genome sequencing technologies, as well the recent in silico
and in vivo approaches used for functional genomics and for the functional role of emerging non-
coding RNA classes (practical examples taken from recent literature will be used). The course also
provides students with basic knowledge for accessing browsers and public databases for the
analysis of gene expression data, GO and miRNA target prediction software.
By the end of the course, students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to the study of the
basic mechanisms of gene expression, as well as of complex processes such as development, cell
division and differentiation, and to exploit them for a practical use in both basic and applied
research.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
The students who have passed the exam will be able to know and to understand
- the origin and the maintenance of the biological complexity;
- the paradigm shift introduced by genomics in genetic analysis: from forward to reverse
genetics.
- structure and function of the genome in humans and in the main model systems;
- problems and technologies of genome-wide analyses applied to biological processes;
- the influence of the modern sequencing technologies for a better description and for the
study of transcriptome dynamics in humans and in the main model systems;
- the complex networks of interaction between the biological molecules in the mechanisms
of regulation of gene expression.
B) Applying knowledge and understanding
The students who have passed the exam will be able to:
- interpret the biological phenomena in a multi-scale and multi-factorial context;
- interpret the results of genomic studies and to discriminate which techniques to apply
according to the different problems to be dealt with in the genomic field.
C) Making judgements
- Acquisition of a critical judgment capacity on solving problems of Genomics, and to exploit the
acquired knowledge for a practical use in both basic and applied research.
- addressing questions for the elaboration and deepening of the gained information
D) Communication skills
- communicating the genetic concepts acquired during the course with appropriate
terminology
E) Learning skills
- logically connecting the acquired knowledge
- identification of the most relevant topics of the issues discussed during the course
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/11] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 3 |
Educational objectives General skills
The course of Genomics is designed to provide students with an introduction to the structure, function and evolution of genomes and transcripts in humans and in other model organisms. Topics discussed will include modern genome sequencing technologies, as well the recent in silico and in vivo approaches used for functional genomics and for the functional role of emerging non-coding RNA classes (practical examples taken from recent literature will be used). The course also provides students with basic knowledge for accessing browsers and public databases for the analysis of gene expression data, GO and miRNA target prediction software.
By the end of the course, students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to the study of the basic mechanisms of gene expression, as well as of complex processes such as development, cell division and differentiation, and to exploit them for a practical use in both basic and applied research.
Specific skills
The students who have passed the exam will be able to know and to understand (acquired knowledge)
- the origin and the maintenance of the biological complexity;
- the paradigm shift introduced by genomics in genetic analysis: from forward to reverse genetics.
- structure and function of the genome in humans and in the main model systems;
- problems and technologies of genome-wide analyses applied to biological processes;
- the influence of the modern sequencing technologies for a better description and for the study of transcriptome dynamics in humans and in the main model systems;
- the complex networks of interaction between the biological molecules in the mechanisms of regulation of gene expression.
The students who have passed the exam will be able to (acquired expertise):
- interpret the biological phenomena in a multi-scale and multi-factorial context;
- interpret the results of genomic studies and to discriminate which techniques to apply according to the different problems to be dealt with in the genomic field.
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| 1041603 | LABORATORY OF BIOINFORMATICS [BIO/10] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives Bioinformatics is the discipline that deals with the analysis and attribution of biological significance to the large amount of biomolecular data available today and represents an essential tool in the field of basic biochemical, biological-molecular, biomedical and research activities. biotechnology.
The Bioinformatics Laboratory course aims to introduce the biology student to the use of the most common computational tools nowadays used in bioinformatic sequence analyzes and structures of both proteins and nucleic acids and the acquisition of knowledge on their functioning .
Students who pass the exam will have acquired:
a) knowledge and ability to understand
-the nature of biomolecular data
-the logical basis of the most common bioinformatic data analysis programs
- ability to process simple bioinformatic analyzes of data in the application and research fields
b) ability to apply knowledge and understanding
-in the rational and effective use of the most common bioinformatics tools
-in the identification of the instrument suitable for the solution of a specific biological problem
- know how to plan the transfer of theoretical results to experimental practice
c) autonomy of judgment
- know how to identify the limits of application of bioinformatics tools
- know how to interpret and critically apply the results obtained
d) communication skills
- know how to illustrate the logic used to identify the bioinformatics tool suitable for solving a biological problem
- know how to communicate and explain the meaning of the facts during an oral interview
e) learning ability
- the basic knowledge to progress autonomously in learning the use and operation of more advanced bioinformatics tools
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/10] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 3 |
Educational objectives Bioinformatics is the discipline that deals with the analysis and attribution of biological significance to the large amount of biomolecular data available today and represents an essential tool in the field of basic biochemical, biological-molecular, biomedical and research activities. biotechnology.
The Bioinformatics Laboratory course aims to introduce the biology student to the use of the most common computational tools nowadays used in bioinformatic sequence analyzes and structures of both proteins and nucleic acids and the acquisition of knowledge on their functioning .
Students who pass the exam will have acquired:
a) knowledge and ability to understand
the nature of biomolecular data
the logical basis of the most common bioinformatic data analysis programs
ability to process simple bioinformatic analyzes of data in the application and research fields
b) ability to apply knowledge and understanding
in the rational and effective use of the most common bioinformatics tools
in the identification of the instrument suitable for the solution of a specific biological problem
know how to plan the transfer of theoretical results to experimental practice
c) autonomy of judgment
know how to identify the limits of application of bioinformatics tools
know how to interpret and critically apply the results obtained
d) communication skills
know how to illustrate the logic used to identify the bioinformatics tool suitable for solving a biological problem
know how to communicate and explain the meaning of the facts during an oral interview
e) learning ability
the basic knowledge to progress autonomously in learning the use and operation of more advanced bioinformatics tools
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/10] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 3 |
Educational objectives Bioinformatics is the discipline that deals with the analysis and attribution of biological significance to the large amount of biomolecular data available today and represents an essential tool in the field of basic biochemical, biological-molecular, biomedical and research activities. biotechnology.
The Bioinformatics Laboratory course aims to introduce the biology student to the use of the most common computational tools nowadays used in bioinformatic sequence analyzes and structures of both proteins and nucleic acids and the acquisition of knowledge on their functioning .
Students who pass the exam will have acquired:
a) knowledge and ability to understand
the nature of biomolecular data
the logical basis of the most common bioinformatic data analysis programs
ability to process simple bioinformatic analyzes of data in the application and research fields
b) ability to apply knowledge and understanding
in the rational and effective use of the most common bioinformatics tools
in the identification of the instrument suitable for the solution of a specific biological problem
know how to plan the transfer of theoretical results to experimental practice
c) autonomy of judgment
know how to identify the limits of application of bioinformatics tools
know how to interpret and critically apply the results obtained
d) communication skills
know how to illustrate the logic used to identify the bioinformatics tool suitable for solving a biological problem
know how to communicate and explain the meaning of the facts during an oral interview
e) learning ability
the basic knowledge to progress autonomously in learning the use and operation of more advanced bioinformatics tools
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| 1019200 | CYTOGENETICS AND MUTAGENESIS [BIO/18] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives GENERAL SKILLS
The course concerns the structural and functional organization of the interphasic chromatin, of the metaphasic and meiotic chromosomes and the study of the mechanisms of mutagenesis. The course requires the knowledge of genetics, especially the part concerning the behavior of chromosomes in meiosis and mitosis, the chromosomal and genic mutations, which will however be briefly "reviewed" in class.
The main objective of the course is to provide students with an updated knowledge on the genome organization in interphasic chromatin and in metaphase chromosomes, on the interconnections between structural and functional organization of chromatin and on the main methodologies necessary to study, analyze and recognize a normal human karyotype from a karyotype with chromosomal aberrations, and any associated pathologies.
To make known and underline the importance of in-depth studies on the main physical and chemical mutagens of the environment, to analyze the damage on somatic and germ cells, to know and select the appropriate tests in order to provide and to acquire students the ability of a scientifically accurate assessment of the risks, for humans and for the environment, of substances present or they could be released into the environment.
Furthermore, activities that contribute to the development of autonomous skills to deepen and criticize the acquired knowledge will take place, so that the students will be able to transmit them and continue independently in their study.
SPECIFIC SKILLS
A) Knowledge and understanding
- Knowledge and understanding the components and mechanisms that lead the interphasic chromatin to organize in metaphasic or meiotic chromosome and the role of specialized structures of linear chromosomes, such as centromere and telomeres and of fundamental genomic regions such as the nucleolar organizer.
- Knowledge and understanding on the main check-point and repair mechanisms concerning DNA single and double strand breaks.
- Knowledge and understanding the main methods of study of classical and molecular cytogenetics and the main mutagenic tests to identify any mutagenic effects of substances released or present in the environment.
- Knowledge and understanding the main topics concerning physical and chemical mutagens and the appropriate and correct use of specific mutagenic tests.
B) Applying knowledge and understanding
- know how to use the correct and specific terminology
- be able to identify the most suitable tests and methodological procedures aimed at identifying the mutagenic effects on the genome and on cells in general
- be able to identify the correct methodological procedures to recognize chromosomal aberrations and the consequences in meiosis.
C) Making judgments
- critical judgment skills, through the study of the progress of knowledge in cytogenetics and mutagenesis and the detailed analysis of some fundamental experiments
- learn by ask themselves questions for elaboration and deepening the knowledge learned
D) Communication skills
- know how to communicate what has been learned during the oral examination
E) Learning skills
- learning and using the specific terminology correctly
- be able to logically connect the acquired knowledge
- be able to identify and communicate the
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| 1019209 | MOLECULAR GENETICS [BIO/18] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General objectives
After completing this course students will be able to describe:
- The technologies used in plant biotechnology using specific examples
- The most important disvciverofes in the field of plant biotechnology
- The most recent progress made in the plant biotechnologies for the environment the agriculture and human health
Specific objectives
Knowledge and understanding - Students will become acquainted with the with essential concepts and techniques used in plant biotechnology
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding - Students will acquire the ability to dissect and discuss current research being performed in plant biotechnology
Critical and judgmental capacities- Students will learn to critically discuss and evaluate an experimental result.
Ability to communicate what has been learned –Students enrolled in the course will deliver several short (~10-15 minute) oral presentations on selected scientific papers throughout the course. This will enhance the communication skills of all the students attending this course.
Ability to continue the study independently in the life - Students will acquire not only the scientific basis of plant biotechnology, but also the terminology and the methodologies used in this field. These skills will accompany the students during the rest of their academic career.
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| 1019010 | IMMUNOLOGY [MED/04] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General skills
The aim of this course is to guide the student in understanding the mechanisms by which the immune system protects the individual from the aggression of potentially harmful microbes with whom he comes into contact during his life. The student will receive the conceptual bases to know the cells, tissues and molecules of the immune system and the mechanisms responsible for the activation and maturation of immune responses following the encounter of immune cell receptors with the molecular components of the microbes. Moreover, the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune responses in the various districts and tissues of the organism and in response to the different pathogens will be investigated. The course includes lectures and classroom teaching sessions, with a description of the experimental techniques used today for the analysis of the functioning of the immune system and learning assessment activities through written exam simulation tests.
Specific skills
1.Knowledge and understanding skills
- Knowledge and understanding of the functioning of the molecules and cell types of the innate and adaptive immune system
- Knowledge of the mechanisms of cooperation and integration of innate and adaptive immune responses and theirs
- Knowledge and understanding of innate and adaptive immune responses in the different districts and tissues of the organism and in response to the different pathogens
- Knowledge and understanding of the experimental techniques used today for the analysis of the functioning of the immune system
2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
Be able to use the specific terminology of the discipline
Be able to identify the right procedures to solve the questions of Immunology
Apply the knowledge of the specific topics covered in class and the techniques used in immunology
3. Making judgmental
The student will learn to discuss and critically evaluate the progress achieved in the immunological field and to ask questions for the elaboration and deepening of the knowledge learned
4. Ability to communicate what has been learned
The student will be able to communicate what has been learned during the written exam
5. Ability to continue the study independently in the course of life
The student will acquire not only basic knowledge, but also the methodologies and terminology specific to the field of Immunology. This knowledge will allow the student to continue his / her study independently, even after the end of the course and passing the exam.
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| 1019207 | RECOMBINANT DNA METHODOLOGIES [BIO/11] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives -General objectives
The goal of this course is to provide the students with the knowledge of the recombinant DNA techniques, in order to allow a critical approach and analysis of molecular- experiments.The use of recombinant DNA techniques in basic as well as applied (biomedical and agronomic) research will be described. Both the nucleic acids and proteins basic techniques, up to new ones for "omics" studies will be addressed. Examples will be taken from the current scientific literature and updated every year. The ethical implications and the most recent discoveries in this field will be also discussed.
- Specific objectives
Knowledge and understanding - Students will get acquainted with the essential concepts and techniques used in genetic engineering
Applying knowledge and understanding - Students will acquire the ability to interpret and discuss current research being performed genetic engineering
Making judgements Students will learn to critically discuss and evaluate the possible ethical implications of a study in the field of genetic engineering
Communication skills –Students enrolled in the course will deliver several short (~10-15 minute) oral presentations on selected scientific papers throughout the course. This will enhance the communication skills of all the students attending this course.
Learning skills - Students will acquire not only the scientific basis of genetic engineering, but also the terminology and the methodologies used in this field. This skills will accompany the students during the rest of their academic career.
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| 1019206 | GENERAL PATHOLOGY [MED/04] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives The course is aimed to guide the students through the understanding of how the disruption of the homeostatic balance both at cellular and systemic level can lead to the pathology. The students will receive the concepts necessary 1) to understand the mechanisms underlying the cell and tissue response to the stress; 2) to analyse how the alteration of these mechanisms can determine a disease. 3) to be familiar with the networks regulating inflammation, tissue repair, and cell growth disorders such as cancer.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
-knowing and understanding of the dynamic equilibrium of the homeostasis that regulate the cell life and death.
-knowing and understanding of the cell-cell interactions leading to pathology.
- knowing and understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating inflammation and cancer.
- knowing and understanding of the scientific methods to apply for the analysis of the cell response to different stimuli.
.
B) Applying knowledge and understanding
- be able to use the specific terminology
- be able to identify the right procedures to analyse the cell and tissue response to the stress.
- be able of identifying the right procedures to analyse the gene expression in different pathologies.
C) Making judgements
- critical thinking through the study of the main aspects of the human pathology as well as the detailed analysis of some fundamental experiments .
- learning by questioning
D) Communication skills
-be able to communicate what has been learned
E) Learning skills
- learning the specific terminology
- be able to make the logical connections between the topics covered
- be able to identify the most relevant topics
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| 10589474 | Principles of human genetics [BIO/18] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General objectives
At the end of the course the student
1) will know the basic principles of transmission of hereditary traits in humans and will be able to analyze
Mendelian segregation in genealogical trees and perform linkage analysis
2) will be able to describe the type of genetic variation underlying the most common normal and
pathological genetic traits in humans
3) will be able to analyze the distribution of genetic variation in a population
4) will be able to describe the mechanisms that determine the stability or the change of the genetic
structure of the populations
Specific objectives
-Knowledge and understanding:
students will know the fundamental principles and peculiarities of
inherited characters transmission in humans; the genetic variability distribution in populations and forces
that maintain or modify it.
- Applying knowledge and understanding:
student will know how to apply the human genetics
methodologies in research and laboratory practice, from the segregation analysis to some molecular
methods; will knowhow micro-evolutionary mechanisms may determine the genetic structure of natural
populations with particular regard to human populations
- Making judgements:
at the end of the course, based on the proposed examples and exercises, students
will be able to evaluate human genetics / population genetics data with an autonomous judgement
- Communication skills:
at the end of the course the students will be able to provide information and ideas
in the field of human genetics and population genetics
- Learning skills:
at the end of the course the students will have received the basic knowledge on human
genetics and population genetics which are necessary to undertake further more specialized studies
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| 10589927 | Forensic genetics [BIO/18] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 6 |
Educational objectives General skills
The course deals with the application of genetics to forensic science. The main goal of the course is to provide students with an in-depth knowledge of genetic variability and how it can be used as a tool for forensic investigations in criminal caseworks and paternity testing. The course requires knowledge of Mendelian genetics and population genetics, and basic knowledge of statistics and probability theory. The course includes classroom lessons during which the knowledge about the genetic variability will be applied to the resolution of real or simulated caseworks. During the course students will learn to use several forensic databases, essential to provide a statistical weight to forensic tests.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
- Knowledge of human genetic diversity
- Knowledge of the polymorphic markers used in forensic genetics
- Knowledge and understanding of the principles underlying paternity and personal identification tests
- Knowledge and understanding of the main methods for determining genetic profiles
B) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
- Be able to use specific terminology
- Be able to interpret forensic profiles and to ascertain genotypes that make up DNA mixtures
- Be able to give a statistical weight to a DNA match or paternity test
- Be able to choose the correct procedures to process a forensic DNA sample
C) Making judgements
Through the in-depth analysis of many forensic caseworks, the student will acquire critical judgement skills
D) Communication skills
- During the lessons, students will be encouraged to communicate and interact with the teacher and other students on forensic topics
E) Learning ability
- Learning the specific terminology
- Be able to make the logical connections between the topics covered
- Be able to identify the most relevant topics and to pursue independently the study of advanced topics in forensic genetics
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/18] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 3 |
Educational objectives Applied forensic genetics (3 CFU)
General skills
The course deals with the application of genetics to forensic science. The main goal of the course is to provide students with an in-depth knowledge of genetic variability and how it can be used as a tool for forensic investigations in criminal caseworks and paternity testing. The course requires knowledge of Mendelian genetics and population genetics, and basic knowledge of statistics and probability theory. The course includes classroom lessons during which the knowledge about the genetic variability will be applied to the resolution of real or simulated caseworks. During the course students will learn to use several forensic databases, essential to provide a statistical weight to forensic tests.
Specific skills
A) Knowledge and understanding
- Knowledge of the polymorphic markers used in forensic genetics
- Knowledge and understanding of the main methods for determining genetic profiles
B) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
- Be able to interpret forensic profiles and to ascertain genotypes that make up DNA mixtures
- Be able to choose the correct procedures to process a forensic DNA sample
C) Making judgements
Through the in-depth analysis of many forensic caseworks, the student will acquire critical judgement skills
D) Communication skills
- During the lessons, students will be encouraged to communicate and interact with the teacher and other students on forensic topics
E) Learning ability
- Learning the specific terminology
- Be able to make the logical connections between the topics covered
- Be able to identify the most relevant topics and to pursue independently the study of advanced topics in forensic genetics
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| THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING [BIO/18] [ITA] | 3rd | 2nd | 3 |
